摘要
Becauseoftheradioactivityandtoxicnatureofnuclearmaterials,theircontainmentwithinoxidematrices,encasedinsealedcontainers,hasbeenproposedasasuitablemeansforstorageandtransportation.However,containerfailuresbecauseofcracksorsmallorificespresentamajorleakageriskfornuclearmaterials,consequentlyposingasignificanthazardtotheenvironmentandhumanbeings.Inthisstudy,terbiumoxidepowderwasusedasanuclearmaterialrepresentativetoexaminetheleakageofnuclearmaterialpowderthroughorificeslocatedatthebaseofapressurecontainer.Thedependenceoftheorificediameter,thepowderlayerthickness,andtheinternalpressureofthecontainerontheleakagemechanismandamountwasexamined.Asimplifiedmodelcorrelatingthedependenceoftheabove-mentionedparameterstodeterminetheutmostleakageamountwasalsodevelopedbasedonthepresentresults.Theleakageofthenuclearmaterialpowderwasassessedbymeasuringitsconcentrationusinganopticalparticlecounter.Thediameteroftheorificedeterminedthepowderleakagemechanism,whichinturninfluencedtheamountofleakageproduced.Comparisonstudiesshowedthatunlikethechangesinthedifferentialpressure,thevolumeofthecontainerhaslittleeffectontheleakageamount.Undersufficientlyhighinternalpressures,theoxidepowdercanbereleasedasafineaerosol.Theworkisnotonlycrucialfromthenuclearsafetyaspect,butisalsobeneficialforthesafeapplicationofpowderandnanoparticles.
出版日期
2014年03月13日（中国期刊网平台首次上网日期，不代表论文的发表时间）
