简介：　　【摘 要】目的：探究计划生育节育手术后阴道出血的影响因素以及治疗的方法和疗效。方法：采用抽样调查的方式，在本所 2014年 1月— 2017年 6月期间接受人流、上环或取环术后发生阴道出血且出血时间超过 14d的患者 72例作为研究样本，对影响患者术后阴道出血的因素进行回顾性分析；同时给予患者口服避孕药妈富隆治疗，观察临床治疗效果。结果： 72例节育手术后阴道出血的患者中，出血时间在 14—21d的有 39例、 22—35d的有 22例、 >35d的有 11例，影响患者阴道出血的因素主要有感染、多次人流史、不良分娩史、内分泌失调与宫内残留；在给予患者口服妈富隆治疗后，患者阴道出血均得到控制，止血时间为（ 6.03±1.11） d。结论：计划生育节育手术后阴道出血的影响因素主要为感染、多次人流史、不良分娩史、内分泌失调与宫内残留，针对阴道出血患者，给予其口服避孕药治疗，能够有效控制出血，缩短流血时间。  　　【关键词】计划生育；节育手术；阴道出血；影响因素；治疗方法与疗效  Objective: To explore the influencing factors and treatment methods of vaginal bleeding after birth control operation. Methods: a sample survey was conducted in 72 cases of vaginal bleeding and bleeding time exceeding 14d during the period from January 2014 to June 2017. The factors affecting the postoperative vaginal bleeding were analyzed retrospectively, and the patient was given the mother of oral contraceptives. The effect of clinical treatment was observed. Results: among the 72 cases of vaginal bleeding after birth control, there were 39 cases of bleeding time from 14 to 21d, 22 cases of 22 - 35d and 11 cases of >35d. The main factors affecting the vaginal bleeding were infection, multiple abortion history, bad childbirth history, endocrine disorder and intrauterine residue. Vaginal bleeding was controlled and the hemostasis time was (6.03 + 1.11) d. Conclusion: the main influencing factors of vaginal bleeding after birth control operation are infection, multiple abortion history, bad childbirth history, endocrine disorder and intrauterine residue. For patients with vaginal bleeding, the treatment of oral contraceptives can effectively control bleeding and shorten the bleeding time.