简介：ThisarticleanalyzesthefactorsshapingcommercialtimberprofitdistributioninChina’sSouthernCollectiveForestRegion(hereinafterSCFR).Thearticlefirstdescribesthesettinganddistributionofanationalharvestquotaandanalyzesitsequityimpactsonfarmerhouseholds.Basedonaccessmappingofthecommercialtimbercommoditychain,profitdistributionandmechanismsforcontrollingandmaintainingaccesstoprofitareanalyzedfordifferentactorsalongthechain.Thedatashowthatfarmersdonotbenefittoagreatextentfromthecommerce,eveniftheyareendowedwithrightstomanageandharvestforestsandfreelysellcommercialtimberintheregion.Thereareanumberofinstitutionalandnon-institutionalfactorsthatdeterminetheextentofbenefitsfarmersandotheractorsalongthetimbercommoditychaincanseek.Undercurrentarrangements,thedevolutionofforestpropertyintheSCFRdoesnotensurethatfarmerhouseholdsbenefitfromcommercialtimbermarketing.Inordertostimulatefarmers’enthusiasmforforestrehabilitationandmanagement,beyondthedevolutionofforestproperty,itisfirstlynecessarytotakeeffectivemeasurestoimprovefarmeraccesstocommercialtimberprofits.