简介：ThekinematicsofturningmaneuversofstartledCrucianCarp(Carassiusauratus)arepresented.AllescaperesponsesobservedareC-typefast-starts.Thepositionofthecenterofmassandthemomentofinertiaofthefisharecalculated.Theresultsshowthatthepositionofthecenterofmassisalwaysat35%ofthelengthofthefishfromtheheadandthepositionofthecenterofmassandmomentofinertiacanbeconsideredunchangedduringC-startofCrucianCarp.HydrodynamicanalysisoftheC-startisgivenbasedonthekinematicsdatafromourexperiments.TheC-startconsistsofthreestages.Instage1,thetailfinoffishrapidlyflapsinonedirection,andalargemomentactsonthefish'sbody,whichrotatesaroundthecenterofmasswithanangularacceleration.Instage2,thetailfinflapsmoreslowlyintheoppositedirectionatslowerspeed,thefish'sbodyrotatesaroundthecenterofmasswithangulardecelerationandthecenterofmassofthefishmovesalonganarc.Instage3,themomentapproximatelyequalszero,thefish'sbodystopsrotatingandthecenterofmassthemovesalongastraightline.