简介：Theattenuationfactororqualityfactor(Q-factororQ)hasbeenusedtomeasuretheenergyattenuationofseismicwavespropagatinginundergroundmedia.ManymethodsareusedtoestimatetheQ-factor.WeproposeamethodtocalculatetheQ-factorbasedontheprestackQ-factorinversionandthegeneralizedS-transform.TheproposedmethodspecifiesastandardprimarywaveletandcalculatesthecumulativeQ-factors;then,itfindstheinterlaminarQ-factorsusingtherelationbetweenQandoffset(QVO)andtheDixformula.TheproposedmethodisalternativetomethodsthatcalculateinterlaminarQ-factorsafterhorizonpicking.Becausethefrequencyspectrumofeachhorizoncanbeextractedcontinuouslyona2Dtime–frequencyspectrum,themethodiscalledthecontinuousspectralratioslope(CSRS)method.ComparedwiththeotherQ-inversionmethods,themethodoffersnearlyeffortlesscomputationsandstability,andhasmathematicalandphysicalsignificance.WeusenumericalmodelingtoverifythefeasibilityofthemethodandapplyittorealdatafromanoilfieldinAhdeb,Iraq.TheresultssuggestthattheresolutionandspatialstabilityoftheQ-profileareoptimalandcontainabundantinterlaminarinformationthatisextremelyhelpfulinmakinglithologyandfluidpredictions.

简介：MostcurrentprestackAVAjointinversionmethodsarebasedontheexactZoeppritzequationanditsvariousapproximations.However,theseequationsonlyreflecttherelationbetweenreflectioncoefficients,incidenceangles,andelasticparametersoneithersideoftheinterface,whichmeansthatwave-propagationeffects,suchassphericalspreading,attenuation,transmissionloss,multiples,andeventmismatchingofP-andS-waves,arenotconsideredandcannotaccuratelydescribethetruepropagationcharacteristicsofseismicwaves.ConventionalAVAinversionmethodsrequirethatthesewave-propagationeffectshavebeenfullycorrectedorattenuatedbeforeinversionbuttheserequirementscanhardlybesatisfiedinpractice.Usingaone-dimensional(1D)earthmodel,thereflectivitymethodcansimulatethefullwavefieldresponseofseismicwaves.Therefore,weproposeanonlinearmulticomponentprestackAVAjointinversionmethodbasedonthevectorizedreflectivitymethod,whichusesafastnondominatedsortinggeneticalgorithm(NSGAII)tooptimizethenonlinearmultiobjectivefunctiontoestimatemultipleparameters,suchasP-wavevelocity,S-wavevelocity,anddensity.Thisapproachisrobustbecauseitcansimultaneouslycopewithmorethanoneobjectivefunctionwithoutintroducingweightcoefficients.Modeltestsprovetheeffectivenessoftheproposedinversionmethod.Basedontheinversionresults,wefindthatthenonlinearprestackAVAjointinversionusingthereflectivitymethodyieldsmoreaccurateinversionresultsthantheinversionbyusingtheexactZoeppritzequationwhenthewave-propagationeffectsoftransmissionlossandinternalmultiplesarenotcompletelycorrected.

简介：Finite-difference(FD)methodsarewidelyusedinseismicforwardmodelingowingtotheircomputationalefficiencybutarenotreadilyapplicabletoirregulartopographies.Thus,severalFDmethodsbasedonthetransformationtocurvilinearcoordinatesusingbody-fittedgridshavebeenproposed,e.g.,standstaggeredgrid(SSG)withinterpolation,nonstaggeredgrid,rotatedstaggeredgrid(RSG),andfullystaggered.TheFDbasedontheRSGissomewhatsuperiortoothersbecauseitsatisfiesthespatialdistributionofthewaveequationwithoutadditionalmemoryandcomputationalrequirements;furthermore,itissimplertoimplement.WeusetheRSGFDmethodtotransformthefirstorderstress–velocityequationinthecurvilinearcoordinatessystemandintroducethehighprecisionadaptive,unilateralmimeticfinite-difference(UMFD)methodtoprocessthefreeboundaryconditionsofanirregularsurface.Thenumericalresultssuggestthattheprecisionofthesolutionishigherthanthatofthevacuumformalism.Whentheminimumwavelengthislow,UMFDavoidsthesurfacewavedispersion.WecompareFDmethodsbasedonRSG,SEM,andnonstaggeredgridandinferthatallsimulationresultsareconsistentbutthecomputationalefficiencyoftheRSGFDmethodishigherthantherest.