简介：虽然许多注意被给了描述波浪的模型，潮和沉积运输在足够的详细处理决定在床上的本地变化在深测术的一个相对详细的代表上铺平，远，更少的注意被给了在大得多的规模考虑这个问题的模型(例如象一条潮汐的扁平、潮汐的隧道那样的geomorphological元素的)。这聚集了或lumped模型趋于不表示这些过程详细，但是相当在兴趣的规模捕获行为。如此的模型用平衡集中的概念开发了的是聚集的规模在潮汐的盆和邻近的海岸(ASMITA)之间的词法相互作用。在这份报纸，我们提供一些新卓见进平衡，和是这条建模途径的关键部件的水平、垂直的交换的概念。在一份同伴报纸，我们总结被承担了扩大原来的模型概念的开发的一个范围，到说明概念的框架的灵活性和力量。然而，日益增多地增加详细在详细基于过程的模型和我们给某考虑到在二之间的边界的更多的方向感动模特儿。聚集模型规模的HighlightsThe概念被探索，ASMITA模型的基础详细被构画出在在快规模的基于过程的模型和在聚集的模型使用的水平交换使用了的分散之间的关系被探索提出合适的平衡关系的基础被解释其他的方法包括移流和分散检验。

简介：AnalysisofArgofloattrajectoriesat1000mandtemperatureat950mintheNorthAtlanticbetweenNovember2003andJanuary2005demonstratestheexistenceoftwodifferentcirculationmodeswithfasttransitionbetweenthem.Eachmodehasapairofcyclonic-anticyclonicgyres.Thedifferenceisthelocationofthecyclonicgyre.Thecyclonicgyrestretchesfromsoutheasttonorthwestinthefirstmodeandfromthesouthwesttothenortheastinthesecondmode.TheobservedmodesstronglyaffecttheheatandsalttransportintheNorthAtlantic.Inparticular,thesecondmodeslowsdownthewestwardtransportofthewarmandsalinewaterfromtheMediterraneanSea.

简介：TheJiaozhouBayischaracterizedbyheavyeutrophicationthatisassociatedwithintensiveanthropogenicactivities.FourcoresedimentsfromtheJiaozhouBayareanalyzedusingbulktechnologies,includingsedimentarytotalorganiccarbon(TOC),totalnitrogen(TN),thestablecarbon(δ~(13)C)andnitrogen(δ~(15)N)isotopiccompositiontoobtainthecomprehensiveunderstandingofthesourceandcompositionofsedimentaryorganicmatterandfurthershedlightontheenvironmentalchangesoftheJiaozhouBayonacentennialtimescale.ResultssuggestthattheTOCandTNconcentrationsincreaseintheuppercore,havingindicatedaprobableeutrophicationprocesssincethe1920sintheinnerbayandthe2000sinthebaymouth.TheTOCandTNconcentrationsoutsidethebayhavealsochangedsince1916owingtothevariationofterrigenousinput.ConsideringTOC/TNratio,δ~(13)Candδ~(15)N,itcanbeconcludedthereisamixtureofterrigenousandmarineorganicmattersourcesinthestudyarea.Asimpletwoend-member(terrigenousandmarine)mixingmodelusingδ~(13)Cindicatsthat45%–79%ofTOCintheJiaozhouBayisfromthemarinesource.TheenvironmentalchangesoftheJiaozhouBayarerecordedbygeochemicalproxies,whichareinfluencedbytheintensiveanthropogenicactivities(e.g.,extensiveuseoffertilizers,anddischargeofsewage)andclimatechanges(e.g.,rainfall).

简介：ScaleeffectofISWsloadsonFloatingProductionStorageandOffloading(FPSO)isstudiedinthispaper.TheapplicationconditionsofKdV,eKdVandMCCISWstheoriesareusedinthenumericalmethod.ThedepthaveragedvelocitiesinducedbyISWsareusedforthevelocity-inletboundary.Threescalerationumericalmodelsλ=1,20and300wereselected,whichthescaleratioisthesizeratioofnumericalmodelstotheexperimentalmodel.Thecomparisonsbetweenthenumericalandformerexperimentalresultsareperformedtoverifythefeasibilityofnumericalmethod.Thecomparisonsbetweenthenumericalandsimplifiedtheoreticalresultsareperformedtodiscusstheapplicabilityofthesimplifiedtheoreticalmodelsummarizedfromtheloadexperiments.Firstly,thenumericalresultsofλ=1numericalmodelshowedagoodagreementwithformerexperimentalandsimplifiedtheoreticalresults.ItisfeasibletosimulatetheISWsloadsonFPSObythenumericalmethod.Secondly,thecomparisonsbetweentheresultsofthreescalerationumericalmodelsandexperimentalresultsindicatedthatthescaleratioshavemoresignificantinfluenceontheexperimentalhorizontalforcesthantheverticalforces.Thescaleeffectofhorizontalforcesmainlyresultsfromthedifferentviscosityeffectsassociatedwiththemodel’sdimension.Finally,throughthecomparisonsbetweenthenumericalandsimplifiedtheoreticalresultsforthreescaleratiomodels,thesimplifiedtheoreticalmodelofthepressuredifferenceandfrictionforcesexertedbyISWsonFPSOisappliedforlarge-scaleorfull-scaleFPSO.

简介：当与大精力sparkers使用了时，海洋的多信道的小规模的高分辨率的地震察觉技术有高分辨率，高察觉的精确，一个宽适用的范围，并且是很灵活的。积极结果在海底的地质的研究被完成了，特别地在海洋的气体的调查水合物。然而，traveltime差别信息的数量在更短的传播长度的条件下面为速度分析被减少，因此导致速度的更差的集中光谱精力组和速度分析的更低的精确性。短安排的多信道的地震察觉技术的速度分析精确性是否能在天然气水合物探索满足实际申请的要求，当前因此是可争辩的。因此，在这学习气体的底部边界水合物(底部模仿反射镜，BSR)被用来进行数字模拟讨论与如此的技术有关的速度分析的精确性。结果显示出那更高主导的频率和更小的采样间隔不仅能改善地震分辨率，而且他们也补偿缺点短安排，从而改进速度分析的精确性。在结论，在这的速度分析的精确性小规模的、高分辨率的、多信道的地震察觉技术满足天然气的要求水合物探索。

简介：TheEastChinaSea(ECS)isariver-dominatedepicontinentalsea,linkingtheAsiancontinenttothenorthwesternPacificviathelargeriversoriginatingfromTibetanPlateau.TherelevanthugeinfluxofriverinedetritushasdevelopeduniquesedimentarysystemsintheECSduringtheQuaternary,offeringidealterrestrialarchivesforreconstructingQuaternarypaleoenvironmentalchangesandstudyingland-seainteractions.Overall,twocharacteristicriversystemsdominatethesedimentarysystemsandsedimentsourcetosinktransportpatternsintheECS,representedbytheChangjiang(YangtzeRiver)andHuanghe(YellowRiver)forthelargeriversystemandTaiwanriversforthesmallriversystem.Giventhis,thesedimentsderivedfrombothriversystemsbeardistinctfeaturesintermsofparentrocklithology,provenanceweatheringandsedimenttransport.Previousstudiesmostlyfocusoneitherthe‘source’discriminationorthe‘sink’recordsofthesedimentarysystemintheECS,whilethesourcetosinkprocesslinkingthelandandsea,inparticularitstimescale,hasbeenpoorlyunderstood.Hereweintroduceanewly-developeddatingtechnique,the‘comminutionage’method,whichoffersaquantitativeconstraintonthetimescaleofsedimenttransferfromitsultimatesourcetothefinaldepositionalsink.Thisnovelmethodisofgreatsignificanceforimprovingourunderstandingontheearthsurfaceprocessesincludingtectonic-climatedrivenweathering,andsedimentrecyclinginrelationtolandscapeevolutionandmarineenvironmentalchanges.TheapplicationofcomminutionagemethodintheECSwillprovideimportantconstraintsonsedimentsource-to-sinkprocessandmoreevidencesfortheconstructionoflateQuaternarypaleoenvironmentalchangesundertheseuniquesedimentarysystems.更多还原