简介：Itisoftenstatedthatevencleantokamakdischargesdisruptathighdensity.Onepossibilityisthatsuchdisruptionresultfromtheenergylossarisingfromhydrogenrecyclingattheedgeoftheplasma.thisenergylosscouldleadtoacontractionofthecurrentchannelandtheproductionofadisruptivelyunstableconfiguration.

简介：Lower-hybridcurrentdrive(LHCD)experimentswerecarriedouttheHL-1Mhydrogenplasmas.TheeffectofLHCDoncentralMHDactivities[sawtooth(m=0),m=1mode]werestudiedwiththefluctuationsobservationofthesoftX-ray(SXR)emission.

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简介：Electroncyclotronresonanceheating(ECRH)isaveryreliableelectronheatingmethodinmagnetizedplasmas.Thepowerdepositionprofileislocalizedandpredictable.HighpowerECRHwasusedintheRTPtokamaktoachievestableplasmas

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简介：ThemainparametersofHL-1MexperimentsareR=102cm,a=26cm,BT=2.8T,Ip=320kA.About0.5MWofneutralbeaminjection(NBI)powerwasusedtoheatHL-1Mplasma.Twooperationmodesofionsourcehavebeenexploredsuccessfully.

简介：Theobservedlossrateofbothparticlesandenergyfromhotconfinedtoroidalplasmasismuchhigherthantheonepredictedbyneoclassicaltransporttheory,whichdependsuponmeanplasmaparametersandCoulombcollisions.Manytypesofplasmaturbulencehavebeenproposedtoexplainanomalousplasmatransport.Thefluctuationofplasmaparametersaroundtheirmeanvaluescancausetransportthroughelectrostaticormagneticfluctuations.Thefluctuationdrivenradialparticlefluxisgivenby

简介：Thescalinglawsofenergyconfinementareverysignificantforconfinementimprovement.AtypicalscalinglawofohmicheatingwithloweffectivechargeandradiationpowerisgivenbyGoldston

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简介：Pelletinjectionexperimentshavebeenwidelycarriedoutwithvarioustoroidalplasmas,peakeddensityprofileandimprovedconfinementarefrequentlyobserved,andsomeinterestingphenomenahavealsobeenfound.Oneofthemisthelong-livedm=1/n=1oscillationobservedonsoftX-rayemissionandotherdiagnostics(notablythemicrowaveinterferometersandtheECEsystems)afterpelletinjectioninJET,JT-60,

简介：Aneight-shotspelletinjection(PI)andasupersonicmolecularbeaminjection(SMBI)systemhaveproposedanddevelopedontheHL-1Mtokamakforadvancedfuellingexperiments.ThepeakeddensityprofileandimprovedconfinementaretypicalfeatureofPIandSMBIdischarge.ItstronglydependsonthewallrecyclingconditionsoftheHL-1Mtokamakandinjectionparameters.

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简介：IntheHL-1Mplasmaexperiments,tworefuelingways,thepelletinjectionandthegaspuffing,areusuallyused.Inrecentyears,anewrefuelingmethod,thesupersonicmoleculebeam(SMB)injection,hasbeendeveloped.SMBinjectionisanattempttoenhancethepenetrationdepthandthefuellingefficiencyofgas,aswellastoreducesurfaceabsorptionoftheinjectedparticlesandtheimpuritycontentintheplasma.InSMBinjectionexperiments,thegasisinjectedintotheplasmathroughaLavalnozzleathighgaspressure.Inthiscase,thepeakdensityandimprovingconfinementhavebeenachievedasinthecaseofapelletinjection.

简介：Anomaloustransportisoneofthemostimportantsubjectsforthetokamakresearch.Experimentshaveconfirmedthatanomaloustransportiscausedbyturbulencesdrivenbytemperatureanddensitygradientinplasma.Theexperimentsshowthationdiffusioncanbereducedtoneoclassicallevelinhighparameterplasmawithinternaltransportbarrier.

简介：TheMHDinstabilitiesintheplasmacentrecanbeobservedwithpinholecamerastorecordsoftX-ray(SXR)emissionalongmanychordswithhighspeatialresolution.ThesoftX-raysystemintheHL-1Mtokamakconsistsofthreepinholecameraswith60chords.Themethodofsingularvaluedecomposition(SVD)cansplitsuchsignalsintoorthogonalspatialandtemporalvectors.Bythismeans,

简介：Westudythegeneralrepresentationsofpositivepartialtranspose(PPT)statesinCKCMCN.ForthePPTstateswithrank-Nacanonicalformisobtained,fromwhichasufficientseparabilityconditionispresented.

简介：ByapplyinghigherpowersoftheBogoliubovtransformationoperatorb^t=u^*a+μ^*a^ttothetwo-photoncoherentstates(orminimumuncertaintysqueezedstates)weconstructanewtypeofquantumstatewhichwecallthegeneralizedexcitedtwo-photoncoherentstates.Analyticexpressionsforthequantumstatisticalpropertiesarederived,andthroughnumericalcomputationthephasespacequasi-probabilitydistributionsarefound.Thesestatescanexhibithighlynonclassicalbehaviourdependingonthedegreeofexcitationmandotherparameters.ForparticularvaluesoftwoparametersAandp,thesegeneralizedstatesreducetootherclassesofcoherentstatesformerlyreported.Ourtheorythuspresentsamuchbroaderapproachtothesetypesofquantumstates.

简介：Recently,theL-modetoH-mode(L-H)transitionintokamakplasmaconfinementwasfoundtoberelatedtothepresenceofthepoloidalflowshearneartheplasmaedge.Animportantmechanismistheionorbitlosscausedbyinteractionwiththelimiter.AcomplementaryexplanationisthegenerationofpoloidalflowsbyplasmafluctuationsviatheReynoldsstressandthepoloidalspin-upofplasmasfrompoloidalasymmetryofparticleandmomentumsources.

简介：Supersonicmolecularbeaminjection(SMBI)wasfirstproposedanddemonstratedontheHL-1tokamak,wassuccessfullydevelopedandusedontheHL-1Mtokamak,andwasthenappliedontheHT-7superconductingtokamak,theToreSupratokamakandtheWT-ASstellarator.Withthenew