简介：丽江-小金河断裂斜切中国西南“川滇菱块”,走向北东,为一高角度斜滑断裂.与平面遥感影像相比,通过三维影像解译断错地貌有显著的优越性.印度P5卫星数据具备真正2.5m分辨率,在制图方面,像对生成DEM以及制图精度可达1∶25000.本文依据立体像对提取DEM的原理,利用ENVI软件DEMExtraction模块提耿出了丽江-小金河断裂带P5立体像对的DEM.文中利用等高线套合分析法和剖面线法对DEM精度进行评价,结论认为,DEM精度优于1∶5万地形图等高线高程精度,而且与实时动态差分（RTK）测量结果比较一致.文章重点选取了丽江市北东方向干塘子和西南方向南溪盆地两处,将三种高程数据——从P5立体像对提取出的DEM、googleearth影像地形高程和1∶5万矢量地形图等高线生成的DEM,结合GoogleEarth影像做成三维立体影像,较为直观地对三种高程数据进行了有效的对比,结论认为,P5立体像对生成的DEM精度最高.在室内利用高精度三维立体图对丽江-小金河断裂断层地貌进行了解译,经过野外踏勘和探槽验证,证明三维影像解译具有很高的利用价值.

简介：Adetailthree-dimensionalPwavevelocitystructureofBeijing,TianjinandTangshanarea(BTTarea)wasdeterminedbyinvertinglocalearthquakedata.Intotal16048Pwavefirstarrivaltimesfrom16048shallowandmid-depthcrustalearthquakes,whichoccurredinandaroundtheBTTareafrom1992to1999wereused.ThefirstarrivaltimesarerecordedbyNorthernChinaUnitedTelemetrySeismicNetworkandYanqing-HuailaiDigitalSeismicNetwork.Hypocentralparametersof1132earthquakeswithmagnitudeML=1.7~6.2andthethree-dimensionalPwavevelocitystructurewereobtainedsimultaneously.TheinversionresultrevealsthecomplicatedlateralheterogeneityofPwavevelocitystructurearoundBTTarea.Thetomographicimagesobtainedarealsofoundtoexplainotherseismologicalobservationswell.

简介：The2008Wenchuanearthquake,amajorintraplateearthquakewithMw7.9,occurredontheslowlydeformingLongmenshanfault.Tobetterunderstandthecausesofthisdevastatingearthquake,weneedknowledgeoftheregionalstressfieldandtheunderlyinggeodynamicprocesses.Here,wedeterminefocalmechanismsolutions(FMSs)ofthe2008Wenchuanearthquakesequence(WES)usingbothP-wavefirst-motionpolaritydataandSH/Pamplituderatio(AR)data.AsP-wavepolaritiesaremorereliableinformation,theyaregivenpriorityoverSH/PAR,thelatterofwhichareusedonlywhentheformerhaslooseconstraintontheFMSs.Wecollectdatafromthreecategories:(1)permanentstationsdeployedbytheChinaEarthquakeAdministration(CEA);(2)theWesternSichuanPassiveSeismicArray(WSPSA)deployedbyInstituteofGeology,CEA;(3)globalstationsfromIncorporatedResearchInstitutionsforSeismology.Finally,129eventswithmagnitudeoverMs4.0inthe2008WESareidentifiedtohavewell-constrainedFMSs.Amongthem,83arewellconstrainedbyP-wavepolaritiesonlyasshownbyCaietal.(EarthqSci24(1):115–125,2011),andtherestofwhicharenewlyconstrainedbyincorporatingSH/PAR.BasedonthespatialdistributionandFMSsoftheWES,wedrawfollowingconclusions:(1)theprinciplecompressionaldirectionsofmostFMSsoftheWESaresubhorizontal,generallyinagreementwiththeconclusiongivenbyCaietal.(2011)butwithafewmodificationsthatthecompressionaldirectionsareWNW–ESEaroundWenchuanandENE–WSWaroundQingchuan,respectively.ThesubhorizontalcompressionaldirectionalongtheLongmenshanfaultfromSWtoNEseemstohavealeftlateralrotation,whichagreeswellwithregionalstressfieldinvertedbyformerresearchers(e.g.,Xuetal.,ActaSeismolSin30(5),1987;ActaGeophysSin32(6),1989;Cuietal.,SeismolGeol27(2):234–242,2005);(2)theFMSsoftheeventsnotonlyreflectedtheregionalstressstateoftheLongmenshanregion,butalsowereobviouslycontrolledbythefaultstosomeextent,whichwaspointedou

简介：事件波浪的明显的速度是为与理论方法模仿旋转地面运动的一个重要参数，但是当仅仅有单个record.This时，纸在一块多层的各向同性的橡皮基于elastodynamic理论讨论一个P-SV比率方法，有效地对估计困难在SMARTI的四地震的明显的速度穿的半space.The与这method.The结果被计算接近使用旅行时间analysis.Furthermore的一个方法，因素

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简介：Basedonwaveformdata,severalmethodstodeterminefocalmechanismsofsmallearthquakesweredevelopedsince1980.Kisslinger(1980)andJulian,Foulger(1996)proposedanapproachtodeterminesolutionbyusingamplituderatioofPandSwave.Schwartz(1995)devisedamethodtodeterminesolutionsbytheuseofpolaritydataandamplitudesofseismogramenvelopes.Amplitudesofshortperiodseismicwavespropagatinginaninhomogene-ousmediumaresensitivetothevariationinvelocityandQstructure.Nakamura,etal(1999)tookmediuminhomo-geneityintoaccountindeterminingfocalmechanismsofsmallearthquakesusingwaveformdata.Ifthelocationsofsmallearthquakesareconcentratedinasmallregion,wecanassumethattheraypathsfromtheeventstoagivenstationarealmostthesame.SoPandSwaveattenuationsareindependentofeventlocations.Inthiscaseitiscon-venienttodeterminefocalmechanismsoftheseeventsbyusingshortperiodPandSwavedataj.Focalmechanismsolutionsofsmallearthquakesin5regions,i.e.,Rongchang,Mabian-Muchuan,Ya￠an,BaoxingandMianzhu,whicharecoveredbytheChengduTelemeteredNetwork,areobtainedbyanalyzingthePpolarityandshortbodywaveamplitudedatarecordedinthenetworksince1992.AccordingtothemethodproposedbyGephartandForsyth(1984),basedonwelldeterminedfocalmechanismsolutionsin15sub-zonesofSichuanandYunnanarea,threeprincipalstresstensorss1,s2,ands3,insteadofaveragesofP,B,andTaxisofthesolutions,aredeterminedtorepresenttheregionalstressfielddistribution.

简介：OnNovember16,2007,GeorgeC.Lee,theeditor-in-chiefofourjournal-EarthquakeEngineeringandEngineeringVibration(EEEV),wasamong11peopletoreceivea2006PresidentialAwardforExcellenceinScience,

简介：AnanalyticalsolutionforscatteringofplanePwavesbyasemi-cylindricalhillwasderivedbyusingthewavefunctionexpansionmethod,andconvergenceofthesolutionandaccuracyoftruncationwereverified.Theeffectofincidentfrequencyandincidentangleonthesurfacemotionofthehillwasdiscussed,anditwasshownthatahillgreatlyamplifiesincidentplanePwaves,andmaximumhorizontaldisplacementamplitudesappearmostlyattheinclinedincidenceofwaves,whicharelocatedatthehalf-space;andmaximumverticaldisplacementamplitudesemergemostlyattheverticalincidenceofwaves,whicharesituatedatthehill.

简介：Thispaperreviewstherecentprogressinthestudiesofexperimentalrockmechanicsandtectonophysicsconcern-ingseismologyandphysicsoftheEarth'sinteriorinChina.Theprogressispresentedinthefollowingaspects:a)Alotofresultsofexperimentandnumericalsimulationenrichourknowledgeofthebrittlefracturingprocessundertheconditionwithheterogeneityinmaterialandstructure;b)Somenewresultsonfrictionalbehaviorofnon-homogeneousfaultsrevealthecomplexityoffaultingbehavior;c)Somenewresultsonthebrittle-plastictran-sitionandplasticflowareobtained;especiallytheimportantprogressisobtainedontheologicalpropertiesofrocksinthelowercrustandtheuppermantle;d)Alotofexperimentalresultsareobtainedonrockphysicsathightem-peratureandpressureandhavebeenusedinstudyofmaterialcompositionandstate.TheseresultsprovideusefulinformationforunderstandingthephysicalpropertiesanddeformationmechanismsofmaterialoftheEarth'sinte-riorandearthquakephysics.

简介：DiffractionofplanePwavesaroundanalluvialvalleyofarbitraryshapeinporoelastichalf-spaceisinvestigatedbyusinganindirectboundaryintegralequationmethod.BasedontheGreen'sfunctionsoflinesourceinporoelastichalf-space,thescatteredwavesareconstructedusingthefictitiouswavesourcesclosetotheinterfaceofthevalleyandthedensityoffictitiouswavesourcesaredeterminedbyboundaryconditions.Theprecisionofthemethodisverifiedbythesatisfactionextentofboundaryconditions,andthecomparisonbetweenthedegeneratedsolutionsandavailableresultsinsingle-phasecase.Finally,thenatureofdiffractionofplanePwavesaroundanalluvialvalleyinporoelastichalf-spaceisinvestigatedindetailthroughnumericalexamples.

简介：本文针对国家台网速报面波震级测定时间偏长和中深源地震震级速报有一定偏差的问题,采用IASPEI推荐的宽频带体波震级mB及宽频带P波矩震级MWP对2009-2013年国家台网地震速报的大震进行了对比分析.对于经过转换成MW后的mB和MWP震级来说,其结果均与我国速报地震发布的震级M有一定的偏差,一般表现为偏小.其中,对于6.0-6.9级地震,mB偏差相对较小,但离散度相对较大（整体偏差要比平均偏差大不少）;对于7.0-7.9级地震,MWP偏差相对较小;而对于8.0级以上地震,由于震级饱和等原因,mB偏差较大,但MWP偏差相对较小,一般主要表现为偏小.总体来说,MW（MWP）的稳定性要比MW（mB）更好一些（线性回归的相关系数更大,标准误差更小）.对于综合mB和MWP震级来说,由于采取分段平均的方法,结果的稳定性有了一定的提高,但较大地震仍以偏小为主,如果在综合震级MP,上加0.2,则可以得出与M震级较为接近的结果.通过MW（mB）、MW（MWP）、MP（M）、M与MW（GCMT）的对比,可以验证综合标准震级MP（M）和国家台网速报震级M具备一定的可信度,而MP（M）可作为P波快速测定的震级,所以用MP（M）作为大震速报初报震级,在某种程度上是可行的.

简介：Aftershocksofthe2011Tohoku-Okigreatearthquakehaveawiderangeoffocaldepthsandfaultplanemechanisms.Weconstrainthefocaldepthsandfocalmechanismsof69aftershockswithMw[5.4bymodelingthewaveformsofteleseismicPanditstrailingnear-surfacereflectionspPandsP.Wefindthatthe‘‘thrustevents’’arewithin10kmfromtheplateinterface.Thedipanglesofthesethrusteventsincreasewithdepthfrom*5°to*25°.The‘‘non-thrustevents’’varyfrom60kmaboveto40kmbelowtheplateinterface.Normalandstrike-slipeventswithintheoverridingplatepointtoredistributionofstressfollowingtheprimarygreatearthquake;however,duetothespatiallyvariablestresschangeintheTohoku-Okiearthquake,anunderstandingofhowthemainshockaffectedthestressesthatledtotheaftershocksrequiresaccurateknowledgeoftheaftershocklocation.

简介：Inthispaper,wedeterminedanearthquakesequencelocationintheXingfengjiangareafromJune,2007toJuly,2014andthe3DP-wavevelocitystructurebyasimultaneousinversionmethod.Onthatbasis,westudiedtheoccurrencefeaturesofactivetectonicsandtheearthquakesourcemechanism.Theresultsshowthatthereservoirfracturesystemhasatendencytoincreasewithgradualdepthfromsoutheasttonorthwest,consistentwithgravitationalfieldresearchresults.Thereare4highvelocityzones(HVZ)underthedepthofthe7km-12kmcrustbetweentheXinfengjiangReservoirdamandXichangDistrict,Dongyuan.ThemaxvelocityofthebiggestHVZwhichisunderXichangis6.3km/s.Underthereservoirdamthereisastrongtectonicdeformationzone,asthecenterexitRenzishifault(F2),Nanshan-Aotoufaults(F4),Heyuanfault(F1)andShijiao-Xingang-Baitianfault(F5),7earthquakeswithML≥5.0(includingM6.1inMarch,1962)occurredatthehighgradientzoneoftheHVZⅢandHVZⅣedgewhichhasbeenunderthereservoirdamsince1960,withrelativityenergyreleasingmorethoroughly.ModerateseismicactivityoccurredattheHVZⅠedgewhichhasbeenunderXichangsince2012,andisadangerzoneforM5.0earthquakesinthefuture.

简介：本文分析了台湾恒春海外的一次地震的记录波形的P波的主要特征。首先对其首波PN进行分析,结果表明其线性关系较好,计算出的速度值与华南地区近震走时表中所用的地壳模型中的速度值一致。其次对其PN波的续至波进行分析,发现该处的地震其射线穿过台湾岛后的地震记录波形明显与没有穿过台湾岛的不同,即没有穿过台湾岛的地震记录波形中首波震相之后明显存在有另一组震相,而穿过台湾岛后的地震记录波形则没有或不明显。该组震相最明显特征是它与首波的到时差随震中距的加大而减小,据此,作者认为它可能是一组波,即地壳内的双程反射波,表明该处有低速层存在。分析结果表明,台湾海峡南部即福建省的东山海外地区及泉州、漳州、永安地区的下方有一低速层存在。

简介：为P三角洲效果和增强的具体成员的hysteretic行为的修改精力平衡方程财务被导出。结构的部件的减少的hysteretic性质由于联合僵硬和力量，降级和拧的效果，和抑制的hysteretic被利用塑料精力和地震输入精力修正以一种简单方式考虑因素。有预先选择的收益机制，在无弹性的范围的结构的精力平衡被考虑。P三角洲效果被把严肃负担的外部工作加到相等的惯性力量的工作并且等同全部的外部工作到修改塑料精力在导出的方程包括。地震精力输入到多自由(MDOF)的度系统被使用形式的精力分解接近。基于精力的底砍系数借助于闲差事分析和有故事的不同数字的几个RC框架的非线性的时间历史(NLTH)分析被验证。框架的NLTH分析被与土耳其语的地震设计的相关要求编码的有弹性的设计加速光谱和圆满持续时间/振幅使用十放大地面运动兼容机的时间历史执行。在基于精力的底之间的观察关联砍力量系数和平均的底砍NLTH分析的力量系数在非线性的底的评价提供一颗合理信心砍由使用导出的方程的框架的力量能力。

简介：Wepresentanexampleofusingconverted-wavesforcharacterizingonshoregasreservoirsintheOrdosbasininNorthwestChina.TheOrdosbasinisthelargestgasprovinceinChina.Themaingasreservoirs(about3300mindepth)areinupperPaleozoicsandstonethathasloworreversedP-waveimpedanceandisimmediatelyaboveacoalseam.ThismakesitverydifficulttoimagethegasreservoirsusingconventionalP-wavedata.Analysisofcore,logandVSPdatashowsaweakPPreflectionbutarelativelystrongPS-convertedwavereflection,orbothstrongPP-andPS-reflectionsbutwithoppositepolarityfromthegasbearingsands,whichindicatesthepotentialofusingPS-wavestoimagethegasreservoirsintheOrdosbasin.Subsequently,thirteenseismiclineswereacquired,processedandinterpretedtoverifythePP-andPS-responses,andtwocorrespondingattributes(PP-andPS-amplituderatioandpolarityratio)areusedtomapthereser-voirsthroughjointPPandPSanalysis.

简介：基于大圆弧假定,利用傅立叶-贝塞尔(Fourier-Bessel)级数波函数展开法,给出了含圆弧形沉积的楔形空间对平面P波的散射解析解。为方便构造地表面引起的散射波场,本文利用2个大圆弧面来模拟地表面,由连续性边界条件建立方程并求解得出该问题的解析解。算例结果表明,楔形空间沉积附近地表的动力响应特征依赖于入射波频率、入射角度、沉积内外介质特性与楔形夹角等因素,且位移放大效应较半空间情况更为显著。

简介：过去常在在当前的地震代码采用的基于力量的设计过程决定力量减小因素的最重要的参数是结构的韧性。为在一个灵活基础上支持的结构，韧性因素能被基础依从影响。在当前的代码给的韧性因素主要被分配忽略这研究的目的是在像栈的结构的韧性因素上估计SSI现象的意义的SSI并且因此的效果。像栈的结构的使变形的配置就非线性的时刻弯曲关系而言作为横梁元素的一个集合被理想化，当一个线性摇摇摆的模型被实现为支持的土壤建模时。用一套人工的记录，重复了线性、非线性的分析被逐渐地在非线性的分析增加加速的紧张到首先在线性、非线性的分析钢让步被观察的水平和相应于栈倒塌的水平执行。无弹性、有弹性的电阻之间的差别以排水量韧性因素被确定了。结果显示基础灵活性能减少系统的韧性并且忽视这现象可以在灵活地支持的R/C像栈的结构的地震表演的预言导致错误的结论。

简介：ThedistributionoftheintensityoftheMojiangMS5.9earthquakeinYunnanProvinceisexpounded,andthedamagecharacteristicsofbuildingsandthedamageratioandseismicdamageindexofvariousbuildingstructuresineachintensityareaarecomparedwiththoseofTheChineseSeismicIntensityScale.Themainbasisandmethodofseismicintensityassessmentarediscussedinthispaper.Itisconcludedthat:①Theseismicintensityshouldbebasedontheearthquakedamageofthehousingstructure,whichtakesupahighratiointheseismicintensityassessment.Itisrecommendedthatseismicintensityisestimatedbycalculatingtheaverageseismicdamageindex.②ThehighestintensityoftheMojiangMS5.9earthquakeisVIIIdegrees,withthelongaxistrendinginthenorth-westdirection.TheareaaboveVIIdegreesis5,180km^2.③TheintensitydistributionoftheMojiangMS5.9earthquakemeetsthenationalstandardandthedistributionlawofseismicintensityinYunnan.

简介：一、地震基本参数表1　地震基本参数表发震时间年月日时分秒震　中　位　置微　观宏　观东经北纬东经北纬参考地名震级(ＭＬ)震源深度(Ｋｍ)震中烈度　地震类型　198305121504481159°251°11598°2501°武平武溪4212Ⅴ主余震型　　据调查,宏观震中位于微观震中东南12公里处的武平武溪附近。二、地震烈度分布本次地震的有感范围涉及福建、江西、广东三省交界地区,调查工作主要在福建省武平境内进行,江西省境内由江西省地震办协助调查,广东境内用虚线连接。调查中根据人的感觉,结合民房轻微损坏情况,勾划出Ⅴ、Ⅳ度两条等震线(见图9-1)。图9-1　1983年5月21日武平地震等震线图Ⅴ度区