简介：Applicationofsurgicalendoscope,usedaloneorincombinationwiththesurgicalmicroscope,fortheoperativemanagementofearandtemporalboneconditionsmayallowimprovedaccessandclearanceofdisease.Preservationofnormalstructuresmayalsobeimproved.Astheuseofthistoolisincreasing,theneedforbetterunderstandingoftheanatomyoftheearisbecomingevident.Thisisparticularlysoforendoscopicsurgeryaimingatremovaloflesionsinvolvingtheinfra-cochlearcorridorand/orpetrousapex.Humantemporalbone-derivedlabyrinthcasts(molds),originallymadeforendolymphaticductandsacanalysiswhichgenuinelyrepresentthemembranouslabyrinthanditsadjacentsofttissues,weremorphometricallyanalyzedintermsoftheanatomicrelationsbetweenstructuresinandaroundtheinfra-cochlearcorridor.Thedistancebetweenthepetrouscarotidartery(PCA)andthebasalturnofthecochlea,thedistancebetweenPCAandinfra-cochlearvein(ICV)/cochlearaqueduct(CA),andthedistancebetweenthelowersurfaceofbasalcochlearturnandthepointwherethecarotidarteryandjugularvein(JV)meetclosetothejugularforamen,weremeasuredtobearound1.3mm,6mmand8mmrespectively,thusconstitutinganapproximate68mm2infra-cochlearcorridor.Thisanalysisandfurtherstudywithlargersamplesmightbehelpfulforoperationviathiscorridorledtothepetrousapexwherecholesterolgranuloma,cholesteatomaandotherlesionsarenotuncommon.

简介：Objective:Totestthefeasibilityofmeasuringfinetemporalbonestructuresusinganewlyestablishedcone-beamcomputedtomography(CBCT)system.Materialsandmethods:Sixformalin-fixedhumancadavertemporalboneswereimagedusingahigh-resolutionCBCTsystemthathas900framesandcoppertaluminumfiltration.Finetemporalbonestructures,includingthoseofthefacialnervecanalandvestibularstructures,wereidentifiedandmeasured.Results:Thefinestructuresofthemiddleear,includingthetympanicmembrane,tendonofthetensortympani,cochleariformprocessofthesemicanalofthetensortympani,pyramidaleminence,footplateofthestapes,fullpathofthefacialnervewithinthetemporalbone,supralabyrinthinespace,semicircularcanals,pathwayofthesubarcuatecanal,andfullpathofthevestibularaqueduct,wereclearlydemonstrated.Thevestibularaqueducthasamidpointwidthof0.4±0.0mmandopercularwidthof0.5±0.1mm(mean±SD).Thelengthoftheinternalacousticmeatuswas10.6±1.2mm(mean±SD),andthediameteroftheinternalacousticmeatuswas3.7±0.3mm(mean±SD).Conclusion:Thisnovelhigh-resolutionCBCTsystemhaspotentiallybroadapplicationsinthediagnosisofinnereardiseaseandinmonitoringassociatedpathologicalchanges,surgicalplanning,navigationfortheearsurgery,andtemporalbonetraining.