简介：目的：探讨电脑验光和检影验光在儿童散瞳前后验光效果,了解电脑验光仪是否能在儿童中应用。方法：对我院进行验光的500例1000眼屈光不正儿童相关k料进行分析,患儿首先进行电脑验光,然后使用10g/L硫酸阿托品眼用凝胶滴眼,3d后分别进行电脑验光和检影验光,比较两种验光效果。结果：近视性屈光不正电脑验光组球镜度数为2.70±2.75DS、柱镜度数为1.54±1.10DC,均低于检影验光组（P〈0.05）;两组轴位差异不显著（P〈0.05）;远视性屈光不正电脑验光组球镜度数为-2.35±2.18DS、柱镜度数为-1.50±1.15DC,低于检影验光组（P〈0.05）;两组轴位差异不显著（P〉0.05）;散瞳前散光度为1.54±1.10D、散光轴为14.38±11.11度;散瞳后电脑验光散光度为1.45±1.21D、散光轴为12.78±10.31度,显著高于检影验光（P〈0.05）;两种验光方法所测球镜绝对值的差值≤0.50D,占75%（350/500）,≤1.00D的占77.4%（387/500）,409例柱镜绝对值的差值≤0.50D,占81.8%。结论：儿童验光配镜关乎儿童视觉发育,电脑验光和检影验光均有利弊,且电脑验光不能取代检影验光可将其作为快速验光的辅助工具。

简介：目的探讨在巩膜扣带术中运用间接眼底镜进一步查找视网膜裂孔的意义.方法我科于2006年6月至2006年12月收治孔源性视网膜脱离患者中采用巩膜扣带手术治疗的病例共86例87眼,在术前查找视网膜裂孔的基础上,手术中运用间接眼底镜进一步查找视网膜裂孔,术后随访6-12个月.结果术后第3天视网膜下液吸收,视网膜完全复位83眼(95.4%),术前84眼检出裂孔(96.6%),在手术中有18眼(20.7%)检查出新视网膜裂孔.术中检出视网膜裂孔100%.结论在充分的术前检查基础上,强调在巩膜扣带术中运用间接眼底镜进一步查找视网膜裂孔,对眼底进行全面细致的检查是必要的,可以提高视网膜裂孔检出率和巩膜扣带术视网膜复位率.

简介：目的分析比较角膜地形图与散瞳检影两种方法所测得的散光及与近视度数的关系。方法采用角膜地形图对290只准备行LASIK手术的近视眼进行检查,同时采用散瞳检影法检查记录近视度数及散光并对两种方法所得数据进行比较分析。结果两种方法在散光轴向上无显著性差异(P＞0．5)；而在散光度数方面有非常显著差异(P＜0．01)。角膜地形图检查及检影法所测得的散光度数均与屈光度增高成正比。结论角膜地形图能快速而准确地提供角膜的屈光状态指标；全眼散光仍应以散瞳检影后患眼接受的度数和散光轴作为标准；散光度数均与屈光度增高成正比。

简介：AIM:Toevaluatetheaccuracyofsphericalequivalent(SE)estimatesofadouble-passsystemandtocompareitwithretinoscopy,subjectiverefractionandatablemountedautorefractor.METHODS:Non-cycloplegicrefractionwasperformedon125eyesof65healthyadults(age23.5±3.0years)fromOctober2010toJanuary2011usingretinoscopy,subjectiverefraction,autorefraction(AutokeratorefractometerTOPCONKR-8100,Japan)andadoublepasssystem(OpticalQualityAnalysisSystem,OQAS,VisiometricsS.L.,Spain).Nineconsecutivemeasurementswiththedouble-passsystemwereperformedonasubgroupof22eyestoassessrepeatability.ToevaluatethetruenessoftheOQASinstrument,theSElaboratorybiasbetweenthedoublepasssystemandtheothertechniqueswascalculated.RESULTS:TheSEmeancoefficientofrepeatabilityobtainedwas0.22D.SignificantcorrelationscouldbeestablishedbetweentheOQASandtheSEobtainedwithretinoscopy(r=0.956,P<0.001),subjectiverefraction(r=0.955,P<0.001)andautorefraction(r=0.957,P<0.001).ThedifferencesinSEbetweenthedouble-passsystemandtheothertechniquesweresignificant(P<0.001),butlackedclinicalrelevanceexceptforretinoscopy;Retinoscopygavemorehyperopicvaluesthanthedouble-passsystem-0.51±0.50Daswellasthesubjectiverefraction-0.23±0.50D;Moremyopicvalueswereachievedbymeansofautorefraction0.24±0.49D.CONCLUSION:Thedouble-passsystemprovidesaccurateandreliableestimatesoftheSEthatcanbeusedforclinicalstudies.Thistechniquecandeterminethecorrectfocuspositiontoassesstheocularopticalquality.However,ithasarelativelysmallmeasuringrangeincomparisonwithautorefractors(-8.00to+5.00D),andrequirespriorinformationontherefractivestateofthepatient.

简介：超声乳化术已经成为了目前治疗老年性白内障的主要手术方式。随着超声乳化术的广泛应用，该种术式对于眼前节结构和功能影响的研究也层出不穷。本文回顾了近几年来国内外这方面的相关文献，阐述了超声乳化术对眼前节结构和功能的影响。

简介：AIM:Todefinetheultrasonographicstructureofnormallowereyelidanatomiccompartmentsandtheirspacialrelationshipindynamicmotion.METHODS:Highresolutionultrasound(15MHz)wasperformedonthelowereyelidsof7normalsubjects.Movementsofthelowereyelidanditscompartmentswerevisualizedwithultrasound.Inaddition,themaximalexcursionareaofthelowereyelidfatcompartmentsandretractormotionswasmeasuredbeforeandaftermotion.RESULTS:Theorbicularismusclecouldbeseenasanecholucentstructurebetweenthedermisandtheechodencefatpads.Lowereyelidfatpadseemstobedividedinto2compartmentsasrangeofmotionanddirectionofmovementofeachofthemvaries.Itseemsthatthesecompartmentshavealsodifferentbehavior.Themeasuredprofileareaofthevisiblenormallowereyelidfatpadsduringmovementofglobefromup-gazetodown-gazedecreasedby50%.Orderofmovementoflowereyelidstructuresseemstobeasfollows:afterglobemovementfistweseeretractormovement,anteriororbitalfatpad,thenskinandseptum,andfinallymovementofinferiorfatpad.CONCLUSION:Ultrasoundrepresentsanoninvasivetoolforthevisualizationoflowereyelidmorphology.Expandingitsapplicationcouldhelpusunderstandthecompartmentalchangesinphysiologicaleyelidmovement,inaginganddiseasedstudypopulations,aswellasassessoperativeoutcomes.

简介：为探讨迷路的老化过程,应用透射电镜观察了新生、青年、老年豚鼠的耳蜗和迷路血管系统的变化。发现老年豚鼠血浆成分有改变、听力呈下降倾向;毛细胞、迷路血管及螺旋神经和螺旋神经节细胞均可见一系列损害。作者推测在耳蜗老化过程中血管系统的变化非常重要,至少是耳蜗其他部位老年性改变的原因之一。

简介：目的：观察早期衰老大鼠视网膜色素上皮-光感受器细胞复合体超微结构的变化。方法：取3月龄及12月龄大鼠视网膜,制成半薄切片,透射电镜下观察视网膜色素上皮-光感受器细胞复合体超微结构的变化。结果：12月龄大鼠视网膜中出现视网膜色素上皮细胞（retinalpigmentepithelium,RPE）凋亡和RPE-光感受器细胞复合体的退行性改变。结论：视网膜色素上皮-光感受器细胞复合体的退行性改变是视网膜衰老的早期表现。