简介：AIM:Toidentifyriskfactorsassociatedwithpost-cataractsurgeryendophthalmitis(PCE)intype2diabeticpatients.METHODS:Ahospital-basedretrospectivecase-controlstudywasconductedon194type2diabeticpatientsundergoingcataractsurgeryinRajavithiHospitalfromJanuary2007toDecember2015.FifteenpatientswithPCEwereincludedasthecasegroupand179patientswithoutPCEwereincludedasthecontrolgroup.PotentialfactorsassociatedwithPCEamongbothgroupsincludingdemographics,pre-operativecharacteristics,surgicalsettingsandcomplications,werestatisticallyanalyzedusingChi-squaretestingandalogisticregressionmodel.RESULTS:Withinthecasegroup,53%werefemalesandthemedianagewas68y.Univariateanalysisofpre-operativecharacteristics,surgicalsettingsandcomplicationsrevealedthatrecentpre-operativefastingplasmaglucose,insulintherapy,presenceofdiabeticretinopathy,andseverenon-proliferativeorproliferativediabeticretinopathyweresignificantlyassociatedwithPCE.Inamultivariateanalysisadjustingforbloodglucoselevel,insulintreatmentwastheonlysignificantfactorassociatedwithanincreasedriskofPCE(OR3.9,95%CI1.0-15.0,P=0.04)comparedtopatientswithoutinsulintreatment.Themostcommoncausativeorganismsweregram-positivebacteria(89%).Staphylococcusspeciesrepresentedthemostcommongroup(67%).Medianbestcorrectedvisualacuityat1-monthand3-monthfollow-upwasequalat0.7logMAR(20/100).CONCLUSION:Theauthorsidentifyinsulintreatmentastheonlyriskfactorassociatedwithendophthalmitisaftercataractsurgeryintype2diabeticpatients.Furtherstudieswithserumlevelsofpre-operativeglycatedhemoglobin(HbA1c)andpost-operativefastingplasmaglucoselevelareessentialtotrulydemonstratetheroleofperi-operativeglycemicmarkersasariskfactorforPCE.