简介：Defenceproteinsareakindofchemicaldefencecompounds.Theyplayakeyroleinplantrestrainingbioticandabioticharm.Toilluminateactivitiesofsomedefenseproteinsassociatedwithageorplantfamilyoflarch,thelarchneedleswerecollectedfromtwodifferentfamiliesofKoreanlarch,Larixolgensisandahybridlarch,L.kaempferi×L.gmelinii,respectively,andthentheactivitiesofdefenceproteinsinthoseweretestedusingaUVspectrophotometry.Theresultsshowedthattheactivitiesofprotectiveenzymesatthe16-/17-and19-year-agegroupswerehigherthanthoseattheotheragegroupsinthebothlarchspecies.Whiletheactivitiesofpolyphenoloxidase(PPO)atthe16-/17-year-agegroupandphenylalanineammonia-lyase(PAL)andproteaseinhibitorsatthe19-year-agegroupwerethehighestamongallagegroups.Then,comparedwithL.olgensis,thehybridlarchhadsignificanteffectsontheactivitiesofprotectiveenzymes.TheeffectsofplantfamilyontheactivitiesofPALandchymotrypsininhibitorweresignificantlydifferent,andthenthoseontheactivitiesofPPOwerenotsignificantlydifferent.TheeffectsofthetwofamiliesinL.olgensisontheactivitiesoftrypsininhibitor(TI)weresignificantlydifferent,whilethoseinthehybridlarchontheactivitiesofTIwerecontrary.Toconclusionsshowedthatthedifferentageandplantfamilysignificantlyaffectedtheactivitiesofdefenceproteinsintheneedlesoftwolarchspecies,andthenenhancedthelarchresistancetopests.Thesecouldplayakeyfunctioninforestrytreegeneticimprovementandmanagementinfuture.

简介：日本：据日本木材出口振兴协会《木材出口统计月报》数据，1-9月日本出口原木为73．119万m^3、锯材9．5408万岔、单板薄板63．3万m2、胶合板8．4950万m^3、纤维板6881m^3、刨花板1．1212万m^3，除纤维板外同比均有不同程度的增长。其中，出口中国的纤维板和刨花板同比有所减少，其他均为增长（见右表）。

简介：MultiplicationofElaeagnusangustifoliaL.wasexaminedinvitrosuccessivelyfromasingleshootunderthespecifiedconditionofdifferentmedia,plantgrowthregulators,pHvalueandsucroseconcentration.ItwasshowedthatMMS1wasthemostsuitablemediumonshootmultiplicationamong5mediaconcerned;BAPwasthemosteffectiveoneamongallthecytokinininvolved,BAP,KN,TDZandZT;theexpluntofthetophalf-partfromashootproducedmorenewshootsthanthatofthefoothalf-partdid;morenewshoots(>2cm)wereproducedunder3%sucrosebetweentheconcentrationswithtophalf-partexplants;shootscouldgrowwellbetweenpH4.4andpH7.0,andthebiggestnumberofshootswasproducedinpH5.6,whileinpH5.8themaximumrootingrateappeared.Asaresult,thecombinationof0.5μMBAPand0.1μMIBAonMMS1mediuminducedthemaximumshootmultiplication.Thenumberofshootamplified3timesin1month,and3^12shoots(>2cm)mightbetheoreticallymultipliedannuallyfromasingleshoot.

简介：据www．africast．com网站2007年8月30日消息：由于电力严重短缺，津巴布韦每年毁林面积达40万hm^2。电力减少和政府监管不力导致津巴布韦的森林采伐量在过去2年内翻了一番。

简介：英国：来自UPM的最新的林木市场报告称，尽管经济危机还没结束，但人们对林地和林木的投资热情持续高涨。目前人们关注的重点主要是混合人工林及新发展中的木质能源用材林市场。人工林的平均价格在过去的五年里已经增长了82％．自2002年起已增长了126％。2009年在林木市场的贸易中，

简介：文章基于德语学术界的RSWB数据库,使用内容分析法和可视化分析的方法检索德国自20世纪70年代以来的立体绿化相关研究文献,并对照德国立体绿化行业发展状况,从立体绿化研究的起源、技术和政策的成熟及绿色性能化的前沿发展趋势等阶段对德国近40年来关于立体绿化的研究重点进行了梳理,重点分析了德国立体绿化生态技术研究转化为相应政策法规的完善配套过程。在借鉴德国从绿色建筑性能到城市绿色基础设施的交叉研究基础上,文章着重从政策法规完备、性能化交叉研究和综合性规划管控3个角度归纳了对我国立体绿化技术研究与发展的参考经验。

简介：2015年10月18—21日，林业厅主办、广西新闻网承办的“打造生态乡村·聚焦美丽广西”2015年全国重点新闻媒体广西林业行在南宁、来宾、柳州、桂林等市集中采访村屯绿化。经济日报、中国青年报、农民日报、新华网、人民网、央视网、央广网、中新网、国际在线、中国绿色时报、广西日报、广西电台、广西电视台、广西新闻网、南国早报、当代生活报、广西画报、广西林业、新浪网的柏多名记者兵分两路，分别采访报道了南宁市兴宁区“十里花卉长廊”，横县马岭村，武宣县双龙村、那羊村，柳江县戈茶村，鹿寨县查比屯，阳朔县竹蔸寨村、水苊村，恭城县黄岭村、矮寨村，兴安县大车头村，全州县毛竹山村和金槐示范基地等全区“美丽广西·生态乡村”村屯绿化专项活动和林业生态经济亮点成效。

简介：InordertomaintainhigheremergenceratewithdirectseedinginShandongrockymountain,effectsofdifferentcoveringwaysonemergencerateofSophorajaponicaL.directseedingwerestudied.Theresultsshowedthatbothmulchingfilmandgrasscovercouldeffectivelyincreasethemoisturecontentofthesoilatthedepthof0-30cm,contributingtosoilmoistureconservationandtheinhibitionofsoilevaporation,whichcreatedfavorablemoistureenvironmentforthegrowthofS.japonicaseeds.Bothth...

简介：Applyingtheeconomicprinciples,thisarticlecarriesouttheassessmentofeconomicperformancesbroughtbyforestryresearchachievementthroughresearchanddiscussionontheassessmentmethodofeconomicperformancesofprovenancepopularizationofPinusmassonianaL.Thearticlealsobringsintheoptionmethodtofullydisplaythevalueofforestresearchachievement.

简介：据统计，4月17日，崔各庄乡将在东五环与机场高速之间，启动占地面积百万余平方米的黑桥公园建设，同步规划建设何里栖地公园和山水乃园，串联乡域内河湖水系，建成后将为朝阳区东北部新增水面和湿地近40万平方米。

简介：Theneedforreforestationincorkoak（QuercussuberL.）areasischallengedbydifficulties.Principalamongtheseisherbivoryofyoungplants,vegetativecompetition,andslowgrowthratesofcorkoakseedlings.WeevaluatedtheearlydevelopmentofcorkoakseedlingstreatedusingtreesheltersandmulchinginnorthwesternTunisia.Wetestedthreetreesheltertreatments（non-vented,vented,andcontrol）toshieldseedlingsfromanimaldamageandfivemulchtypestocontrolcompetingvegetation（ItalianStonePine,Lentisk,combinationofItalianStonePineandLentisk（organicmulches）,gravel（inorganicmulch）andnomulch）.Attheendofthetwo-yearexperiment,shelteredseedlingswere89-99%tallerthanunshelteredseedlingsandhadhighernumbersandlengthsofshootgrowthflushes.Incontrast,bothstemdiametergrowthanddryweightbiomass（fromsamplesextractedaftertwoyears）weresignificantlyreducedinsidetreeshelters.Root-to-shootratiowasnotsignificantlydifferentinshelteredvs.unshelteredseedlings,suggestingthattreesheltersdonotadverselyaffectthisparameter.Mulchingalonedidnotfavourgrowth,butcouldbebeneficialwhencombinedwithtreeshelters.Thecombinationofventedtreesheltersandgravelmulchwasthemosteffectivetreatmentforpromotingdiameter,heightandstemvolumegrowth.

简介：Blacklocust(RobiniapseudoacaciaL.)wasthefirstNorth-AmericantreespeciesimportedtoEuropeatthebeginningoftheseventeenthcentury.Itiscommonlyplantedworldwidebecauseofitsadaptabilitytoenvironmentalstresses,itsvaluablewood,easypropagation,frequentandabundantseedproduction,excellentcoppicing,highseedlingsurvival,andrelativelyhighwoodyield.InEurope,RomaniaandHungaryhavethemosthighly-developedblacklocustgrowingtechniquesandexperiences.Asaresultofincreasinginterestinblacklocustinmanycountries,thisreviewaimstoprovideacomprehensiveoverviewofstate-of-the-artsiterequirements,propagation,improvementandmanagement(includinggrowthandyieldaswellasuseinenergyplantations).

简介：7月2日，由UPOV（国际植物新品种保护联盟）主办，国家林业局、云南省花卉产业联合会承办的UPOV第40届观赏植物和林木技术工作组会议在昆明召开。

简介：记者从江苏省十届人大常委会第十九次会议上获悉，江苏省13个省辖市中，除南京、无锡、徐州、常州和南通5市正按照《江苏生态省建设规划纲要》的要求组织编制生态城市建设规划外，其余各市均已完成了编制工作，并开始实施。

简介：ThedifferentiationprocessincludingsomaticembryogenesisindifferentGinkgoexplantsinvitroculturewerestudiedbycytologicalobservation.Theresultsareasfollows:1)twocompletecotyledonsandaembryobudwereobservedinmatureembryosandseveralsecretoryacavitivesappearedinmaturationregionofembryobuds,hypocotyls,cotyledonsandradiclesafterculturing20days;twoincompletecotyledonsandaembryobudprimordiawerefoundinlargecotyledonembryos.Theproembryooftwocells,fourcells,multi-cellular,andglobularembroyweredevelopedfromthecallusofthesmallcotyledonembryos.2)Thedifferentiationofcotyledonexplantsstartedfromepidermalcells,andgraduallyformedmeristematiccellmassinthecorticalcells,andeventuallyadventitiousbudswereobserved.3)TheadventitiousrootsofGinkgooriginatedinthecellsatthecrossofvascularcambiumandvascularrays.4)Thetypeofrootingbelongstoinductiontypebyrootprimordium.Theformedadventitiousrootswereobservedafter20days.

简介：本标准中4．2．2、10．1、10．4为强制性条文，其余为推荐性条文。本标准由汕头市质量技术监督局、汕头市林业局提出。本标准起草单位：汕头市林业科学研究所、汕头市潮阳区林业局、潮阳区西胪镇。本标准主要起草人：辛如如、詹潮安、刘汉廷、黄健宏、纪丹虹。

简介：我们比较了在处于Karnataka的状态种区域的三棵宽广柚木从三个种子生产区域(矿泉)和柚木(TectonagrandisL.f)的三个相应未耕过的看台(UIS)获得的子孙的词法、基因的属性，印度。一般来说，播种象种子重量，种子尺寸和种子空虚那样的词法参数在与UIS相比的矿泉是显著地优异的。种子萌芽百分比在从矿泉的种子也是更高的。在二每月的间隔测量六个月的幼苗性能被观察在在比较的三个区域中的二个的矿泉优异。尽管矿泉的子孙的基因差异根本比UIS低区域，价值中等高。当差异索引否定地每种子与水果重量，水果直径和核重量被相关时，萌芽百分比断然每种子与水果重量和核重量被相关。矿泉没有对未来种植园的基因差异的严重威胁作为中等改进的种的材料的来源证明重要。

简介：Background:Theglobalsearchfornewwaystosequestercarbonhasalreadyreachedagriculturallands.Suchlandconstitutesamajorpotentialcarbonsink.Theproductionofhighvaluetimberwithinagroforestrysystemscanfacilitateanin-situcarbonstoragefunction.Thisisfollowedbyapotentiallongtermex-situcarbonsinkwithinlonglastingproductssuchasveneerandfurniture.Forthispurposewildcherry(PrunusaviumL.)isaninterestingoptionformiddleEurope,yieldinghighpricesonthetimbermarket.Methods:Atotalnumberof39wildcherryweresampledin2012and2013toassesstheleaflessabovegroundbiomass.Thecompletetreesincludingstemandbrancheswereseparatedinto1cmdiameterclasses.Woodandbarkfromsub-sampleswereanalysedseparatelyandnutrientcontentwasderived.Modelsforbiomassestimationwereconstructedforalltreecompartments.Results:Thesmallestdiameterclassespossessthehighestproportionofbarkduetosmallercrosssectionalarea.Treeboleswithagreateramountofstemwoodabove10cmindiameterwillhaveamoreconstantbarkproportion.Totalbranchbarkproportionalsoremainsrelativelyconstantaboved_(1.3m)measurementsof8cm.Abalanceisevidentbetweentheproductionofnewbrancheswithalowdiameterandhighbarkproportionoffsetbythethickeningandarelativereductioninbarkproportioninlargerbranches.Theresultsshowthatasingletreewithanageof17and18yearscanstoreupto85kgofcarbonwithintheabovegroundbiomassportion,anamountthatwillincreaseasthetreematures.Branchesdisplaygreaternutrientcontentthanstemsectionspervolumeunitwhichcanbeattributedtoagreaterbarkproportion.Conclusions:Usingthederivedmodelsthecarbonandthenutrientcontentofabove-groundwoodybiomassofwholetreescanbecalculated.Suggestedvaluesforcarbonwithothermajorandminornutrientsheldwithinrelativelyimmaturetreesstronglysupportstheideaoftheinclusionofwildcherrywithinagroforestrysystemsasan

简介：Background:Themainobjectiveofthisstudywastoexaminetheclimaticsensitivityoftheradialgrowthresponseof13easternwhitepine(PinusstrobusL.)provenancesplantedatseventestsitesthroughoutthenorthernpartofthespecies’nativedistributionineasternNorthAmerica.Methods:Thetestsites(i.e.,Wabeno,Wisconsin,USA;Manistique,Michigan,USA;PineRiver,Michigan,USA;Newaygo,Michigan,USA;TurkeyPoint,Ontario,Canada;Ganaraska,Ontario,Canada;andOrono,Maine,USA)examinedinthisstudywerepartofarange-widewhitepineprovenancetrialestablishedintheearly1960sintheeasternUnitedStatesandCanada.Principalcomponentsanalysis(PCA)wasusedtoexaminethemainmodesofvariation[first(PC1)andsecond(PC2)principalcomponentaxes]inthestandardizedradialgrowthindicesoftheprovenancesateachtestsite.TheyearscoresforPC1andPC2wereexaminedinrelationtoanarrayoftestsiteclimatevariablesusingmultipleregressionanalysistoexaminethecommonalityofgrowthresponseacrossallprovenancestotheclimateofeachtestsite.ProvenanceloadingsonPC1andPC2werecorrelatedwithgeographicparameters(i.e.,latitude,longitude,elevation)andasuiteofbiophysicalparametersassociatedwithprovenanceoriginlocation.Results:TheamountofvariationinradialgrowthexplainedbyPC1andPC2rangedfrom43.4%to89.6%.Dendroclimaticmodelsrevealedthatwhitepineradialgrowthresponsestoclimatewerecomplexanddifferedamongsites.Thekeydendroclimaticrelationshipsobservedincludedsensitivitytohightemperatureinwinterandsummer,coldtemperatureinthespringandfal(i.e.,beginningandendofthegrowingseason),summermoisturestress,potentialsensitivitytostorminduceddamageinspringandfal,andbothpositiveandnegativeeffectsofhigherwintersnowfal.Separationoftheloadingsofprovenancesonprincipalcomponentaxeswasmainlyassociatedwithtemperature-relatedbioclimaticparametersofprovenanceoriginat5ofth

简介：Apotexperimentwasconductedtoinvestigatetheeffectsofnitrogencontent[N1(nofertilizer),N2(0.15g?kg–1),andN3(0.3g?kg–1)]onthegrowthandthehydrauliccharacteristicsofpeachseedlingsunderdifferentsoilmoistureconditions(W1,W2andW3,inwhichthesoilwatercontentwas45%to55%,60%to70%,and75%to80%ofthefieldwatercapacity,respectively)byusingaspecializedhighpressureflowmeterwitharootchamberandacoupling,whichwasconnectedtoplantorgans.Leafareaandleafhydraulicconductivity(KL)increasedsignificantlyintheseedlingsbecauseofincreasedsoilmoistureandNcontent.KLincreasedwithleafarea.AlinearcorrelationwasdocumentedbetweenKLandleafarea.KLwashigherinthemorningandbegantodeclinesharplyafter16:00,atwhichKLdeclinedafteraninitialincrease.SoilmoistureandNcontentenhancedshoot(Ks)androot(Kr)hydraulicconductivities,therebyimprovingthelowsoilmoistureconditiontoalargeextent.KsandKroftheseedlingswerereducedby32%and27%respectivelyinN1,andby14.7%and9.4%,respectivelyinN2,andbothinW1,comparedwiththecontroltreatment.N3hadnosignificanteffectonKsandKrundersimilarconditions.LinearnegativecorrelationswereobservedbetweenKrandtheexcisedrootdiameteraswellasbetweenKsandtheshootstemdiameter.Theshoot-to-rootratioincreasedwithincreaseinNcontent.Theshoot-to-rootratioinN3wasincreasedby14.37%,comparedwithN1inW1aswellasby12%and4.39%inW2andW3,respectively.KnowledgeoftheeffectsofsoilmoistureandNfertilizeronhydrauliccharacteristicsandgrowthisimportant.Ourresultsprovidebasicguidelinesfortheimplementationofwater-savingirrigationandfertilizationmanagementofnurserystock.