简介:模糊理论方法提供了量化主观信息和体现决策人在最小化条件下优先选择的便利工具。利用Buschek和Alcantar(1995)的理论估算自然衰减和降解率,在实际上,由于数学简化和场点复杂性造成明显的不精确。在本篇文章中,两种模糊方法一模糊算法和模糊回归,常被用于刻画在降解和衰减率估算中的可变性。输入参数的可变性能够利用体现决策者对可能值感知的隶属关系函数进行刻画。隶属关系函数临界输入值的选择明显影响了估计输出值的可变性。同样的,与决策者信念有关的稳定状态模型与描绘场点监察流状态的一致性,也能够通过一致性判据进行量化。利用基于模糊评价方法进行灵敏度检验是相当有用的,可以评估决策者的优先选择对估计率常数和相关可变性的影响程度。同样,上面提到的方法在涉及自然衰减监测的安排中也是很有意义的。
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简介:ThefeaturesofphysicalgeographyinthetransitionalregionbetweenQinlingMountainsandHuanghuaiPlainpossesstransitionalcharactersevidentlyintwodirections:oneisfromthewesternmountaintotheeasternplainandtheotherisfromsouthernsubtropicalzonetonortherntemperatezone.Torrentialrain,especiallystrongtorrentialrainisfrequentinthetransitionalregion,andtherearemanytorrentialraincenters.Amajorityoftorrentialrainisdistributedamong100-200masl.Thewintertemperatureat100-400maslishigherthanthatinHuanghuaiPlainwhosealtitudeislowerthanthatofthetransitionalregion,andthehighesttemperatureinJanuaryappearsat350-400masl.Thethicknessofwarmslopebeltinthetransitionalregionvariesfrom100mto250masl.Theformationoftorrentialrainandwarmslopebeltistheresultofjointactionofatmosphericcirculationandlocalterrain.Frequenttorrentialrainsandwarmslopebelthadtremendousinfluencesonthesoilproperties,plantdistributionandlocalclimateinthetransitionalregion.