简介：Anovelfabricationprocessformicropatternswithcurvaturewasintroduced.Thecurvedstructuresweremadebycompensatingrectangularmicrostructureswithliquidphotoresistlayer.Becauseofthesurfacetensionoftheliquidinmicroscale,variousshapesofmeniscuscanbemadeonthemicrochannels.Themicrochannelsweremadeonthesiliconsubstrateinadvance,andthentheliquidlayerwascoatedonthemicrochannels.Fromthenatureofliquidbehavior,thecurvedpatternswithsmoothsurfaceareobtained,whichcannotbemadeeasilywiththeconventionalmechanicalmachining,aswellaswiththemicrofabricationprocesses,suchaswetanddryetching.Withthisprinciple,itisexpectedthatthesmoothandcurvedsurfacescanbemadebysimpleprocessesandtheresultscanbeappliedwidely,suchasopticalpatterns.

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简介：Mechanicalpropertiesofgalvannealed(GA)steelsheetusedforautomotiveexposedpanelandpredictedfailurephenomenonofitscoatinglayerwereevaluatedusingfiniteelementmethod.V-bendingtestwasperformedtounderstandbetterthefractureofcoatinglayerofGAsteelsheetduringplasticdeformation.Yieldstrengthofthecoatinglayerwascalculatedbyusingarelativedifferencebetweenhardnessofcoatinglayermeasuredfromthenano-indentationtestandthatofsubstrate.Tomeasureshearingstrengthattheinterfacebetweensubstrateandcoatinglayer,shearingtestwithtwospecimensattachedbyanadhesivewascarriedout.Usingthemechanicalpropertiesmeasured,aseriesoffiniteelementanalysescoupledwithafailuremodelwasperformed.Resultsrevealthatthefractureofcoatinglayeroccursinanirregularmannerattheregionwherecompressivedeformationisdominant.Meanwhile,aseriesofverticalcracksperpendiculartomaterialsurfaceareobservedatthetensilestressed-region.Itisfoundthat0.26-0.28oflocalequivalentplasticstrainexistsatthecoatingandsubstrateatthebeginningoffailure.Thefractureofcoatinglayerdependsonductilityofthecoatinglayerconsiderablyaswell.

简介：轧了nanorods被磁控管劈啪作响和加氨系统综合，并且Tb中间的层的厚度被改变学习效果在上轧了nanorods。结果被扫描电子测试显微镜学(SEM)，X光检查衍射(XRD)，传播电子显微镜学(TEM)，高分辨率的传播电子显微镜学(HRTEM)，和光致发光(PL)系列。结果证明Tb层的厚度在形式，质量，和光性质上有明显的效果轧了nanorods。在房间温度的PL系列在368点显示出一座很强壮的排放山峰?nm和弱排出物在387点达到顶点?当Tb层是20时，为生产样品的山峰的nm，和紧张到达最大值?nm。最后，20的最佳的厚度?为综合的Tb中间的层的nm轧了nanostructures被完成。

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简介：由介绍Cu，AlCoCrFeNiCux(在臼齿的比率的x价值，x?=?0，0.1，0.5，1.0，1.5，2.0，和2.5)合金被设计并且准备。AlCoCrFeNi合金的微观结构和性质上的Cu的效果被调查。当Cu内容是低的时，Cu的介绍导致Cu富有的FCC稳固的答案阶段的形成。有二个FCC稳固的答案阶段，即，Cu富有的FCC稳固的答案阶段和阶段导致转变的FCC稳固的答案阶段，当Cu内容是超过1.0时。收益压力和合金的塑料紧张看一个转弯的点Cu内容什么时候是0.5。在七合金之中，Cu0.5合金展出1187的最大的收益压力?MPa和16.01的最低塑料紧张?%。

简介：MoS_2,MoSe_2andWSe_2thinflakeswerefabricatedbythestandardmicromechanicalcleavageprocedures.ThethicknessandtheopticalcontrastoftheatomicthindichalcogenideflakesonSiO_2/Sisubstratesweremeasuredbyatomicforcemicroscopy(AFM)andspectroscopicellipsometer.Arapidandnondestructivemethodbyusingreflectionspectrawasproposedtoidentifythelayernumberof2DlayeredtransitionmetaldichalcogenidesonSiO_2(275nm)/Sisubstrates.Thecontrastspectraof2DnanosheetswithdifferentlayernumbersareinagreementwiththeoreticalcalculationsbasedonFresnel'slaw,indicatingthatthismethodprovidesanunambiguousandnondestructivecontrastspectrafingerprintforidentifyingsingle-andfew-layeredtransitionmetaldichalcogenides.Theresultswillgreatlyhelpinfundamentalresearchandapplication.

简介：Zr和它的合金作为新结构的材料有优秀机械性质，但是在特定的申请环境，它的腐蚀抵抗仍然需要进一步被探索。在这个工作，两倍发光血浆表面alloying技术在纯Zr表面上被用于copperizing。而且，X光检查衍射(XRD)，扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和精力分散光谱(版本)被采用描绘样品。而且，研究也在不同答案在样品的极化曲线上被进行。表面上的Copperizing能在3.5改进纯Zr的腐蚀抵抗?%NaCl并且0.5?摩尔

简介：Nickelhydroxidedopedwithmulti-wallcarbonnanotubes(MCNTs)wassynthesizedbychemicalcoprecipitationmethod.TheMCNTsdopednickelhydroxidewasusedastheelectrochemicalactivematerialinthepositiveelectrodesofrechargeablealkalinebatteries.ThepowderX-raydiffraction(XRD)analysisshowsthattheadditionofMCNTsinducesmorestructuraldefectwithinthecrystallatticeofthenickelhydroxide.Thecyclicvoltammetry(CV)andelectrochemicalimpedancespectroscopy(EIS)testsdemonstratethebetterreactionreversibilityandlowerelectrochemicalimpedanceofMCNTsdopednickelhydroxideascomparedwiththepurenickelhydroxide.Thecharge/dischargetestsshowthatMCNTsadditioncanimprovethespecificdischargecapacityandincreasethedischargevoltageofthenickelhydroxideelectrode.

简介：EffectsofalloyelementsonthemicrostructureandcrackresistanceofFe-C-Crweldsurfacinglayerwereinvestigated.Theresultsshowthatmicrostructuresofthelayermainlyconsistofcarbidesandaustenitematrix.IncreasingCandCrcontentsimpairthecrackresistanceofthelayerduetoincreasedamountofbrittlecarbides.TheadditionofNi,NborMoimprovesthecrackresistanceofFe-C-CrweldsurfacinglayerbyincreasingtheamountofausteniteandformingfineNbCorM7C3carbidesinthelayer.But,theexcessiveNb(>2.50wt%)orMo(>1.88wt%)impairsthecrackresistanceofthelayer,whichhasrelationwithincreasedcarbidesorcarbidecoarseningandaustenitematrixsolidsolutionstrengthening.ThepropercombinationofC,Cr,Ni,NbandMocanfurtherimprovenotonlythecrackresistanceofFe-C-CrweldsurfacinglayerbutalsotheerosionresistanceasaresultoffineNbCandM7C3carbidesdistributinguniformlyinaustenitematrix.Theoptimallayercompositionsare3.05wt%C,20.58wt%Cr,1.75wt%Ni,2.00wt%Nband1.88wt%Mo.

简介：Anobject-orientedmulti-roboticgraphicsimulationenvironmentisdescribedinthispaper.Object-orientedprogrammingisusedtomodelthephysicalobjectsoftheroboticworkcellintheformofsoftwareobjectsorclasses.Thevirtualobjectsaredefinedtoprovidetheuserwithauser-friendlyinterfaceincludingrealisticgraphicsimulationandclarifythesoftwarearchitecture.Theprogrammingmethodofassociatingthetaskobjectwithactiveobjecteffectivelyincreasesthesoftwarereusability,maintainabilityandmodifiability.Tasklevelprogrammingisalsodemonstratedthroughamulti-robotweldingtaskthatallowstheusertoconcentrateonthemostimportantaspectsofthetasks.Themulti-threadprogrammingtechniqueisusedtosimulatetheinteractionofmultipletasks.Finally,avirtualtestiscarriedoutinthegraphicsimulationenvironmenttoobservedesignandprogramerrorsandfixthembeforedownloadingthesoftwaretotherealworkcell.

简介：TIGweldingwasusedtodepositCo-8.8Al-9.8W-0.2Bsuperalloyon304austenitestainlesssteel.Theformfactorofweld,dilutionratio,microhardness,microstructureanddistributionofalloyingelementswereinvestigated.Themicrostructureofcladdinglayerwasmainlyhypoeutectic.Theprimaryphaseswerecobalt-richsolidsolution.Theeutecticphasewascomposedofcobalt-richsolidsolution,Co6W6CandCoCx.Whentheboroncontentincreasedfrom0.2%to0.5%,thedilutionratiodecreased,theprimaryphasebecamecoarseandthemicrohardnessdecreased.Whentheboroncontentwasfrom0.5%to2%,thedilutionratioandmicrohardnessincreasedobviously,buttheprimaryphasewasrefined.ThehardphaseofCo-8.8Al-9.8Wbecamerefinedandtheamountwasraised,andtheperformanceofcladdinglayerwasimprovedwithappropriateboronincrease.

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简介：变丑行为，温度进化和联合效果在形成形成的部件的过程和质量上有重要影响，它处于良好的竟技状态在由于装载路径和处理参数联系的复合的复杂性装载的多方法下面的铝合金7075生气阀门的过程是很复杂的。这个过程的一个模型基于联合thermo机械的有限元素方法在DFEORM-3D环境下面被开发。在模型，常规等温的过程模型和非等温的过程建模的二个过程之间的比较在这发展了学习，被执行，并且结果显示热事件起在形成在装载的多方法下面的过程的铝合金的一个重要作用。提起的温度域和紧张的分布和进化被非等温的过程模拟获得。处于良好的竟技状态生气阀门的过程的塑料地区和它的扩展被分析。结果可以为装载形成计划的多方法的决心提供指南，装载形成的十字调节阀门部件。

简介：模仿半固体金属形成要求建模半固体行为。然而，因为半固体行为是thixotropic并且取决于液体固体，如此的建模是困难的在材料以内的空间分发。以便更好理解并且当模特儿在微观结构和行为之间的关系，一个模型基于micromechanical，途径和homogenisation技术被介绍。这个模型是在一个纯viscoplastic框架建立说明弹性的一个以前的模型的扩展。确实，当半固体在快速的压缩下面被装载时，试验性的负担排水量信号在变丑的更早的阶段揭示有弹性类型的回答的存在。行为的这个有弹性的特征被归因于多孔的稳固的骨骼的反应由不可压缩的液体浸透了。好量的同意在elastic-viscoplastic之间被发现的A预言了反应和试验性的数据。更精确，在负担的负担排水量曲线，山峰负担和随后的秋天的强壮的起始的升起部分很好被捕获。机械反应上的稳固的部分的效果在对实验的质的同意。

简介：Al-Cu-Mg-Ag-Zr合金的微观结构和性质上的打断的多步老化的效果被学习由张力，坚硬，电的电导率测试和传播电子显微镜学(TEM)。打断的多步老化与一步舞老化相比推迟了山峰老化时间并且当增加时，保留了T6脾气合金的象那些的坚硬，电的传导性，最终的张力的力量(UTS)，收益力量(YS)和延伸的一样的层次破裂坚韧尤其是。阶段和一些阶段在160硥瑡?在一步舞老化的过程同时猛抛并且成长????????湡楤慤???ì

简介：Inthepresentwork,anovelhybridcompositecomposedofTi-aluminidemulti-layeredpartandcontin-uous-SiCf-reinforcedTi-matrixpartusingavacuumhotpressing/hotisostaticpressure（VHP/HIP）sinteringprocesswassynthesized.Then,thedamagetolerancebehaviorofthishybridcompositewasstudiedbytensiletestsandinsituscanningelectronmicroscopy（SEM）three-pointbendingtests.Theresultsindicatethatthemechanicalpropertiesandcrackpropagationofthehybridcompositearestronglyinfluencedbytheextrinsictoughnessmecha-nism.Indetail,thecrackdeflectionofmulti-layeredcompositeandstrengtheningeffectofSiCf-reinforcedmatrixcompositeareobservedinthehybridcomposite.Owingtothestrengtheningeffectofcontinuous-SiCrre-inforcedTi-matrixpart,thetensilestrengthofhybridcompositeismuchhigherthanthatofneatTi-aluminidemulti-layeredcomposite.Furthermore,itisfoundthattheoptimaldamagetoleranceabilityisoptimizedwhenthenotchpositionislocatedattheTi-aluminidemulti-layeredpartduetothecrackdeflectionofmulti-layeredstructure.

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