简介:Constructionprojectschedulingisoneofthemostcriticalfactorsforprojectsuccessmeasurement.Notonlyfortheprojectplanningbutforconstructionprocessmanagement,theschedulingisthebasictoolforcommunicationbetweentheownerandtheprojectmanager.Bydevelopingtheschedulebeforetheprojectstarts,theownerknowsinadvancethattheexpectedtimelineoftheproject.Bypreparingconstructionprocessscheduling,theownerandgeneralcontractorcanbettermanagethesubcontractors,sub-tradesprogress,materialsstorageanddeliveries,laborsscheduleandequipmentsetupwhichwilleventuallysavetime,moneyandhassle.Basically,CriticalPathMethod(CPM)iscommonlyusedintheconstructionindustry.CPMisadeterministicmethodthatassumesthatthroughthenetwork,thereisatleastonepaththatdeterminestheprojectdurationandthatthepathisthecriticalpath.CPMdoesnotconsidertheuncertaintyintheactivities;ratheritassumesthateachactivitycanbefinishedinthegivensituation.ProgramEvaluationandReviewTechnique(PERT)isastochastictechniquewhichisbasedontheassumptionthatthedurationofasingleactivitycanbedescribedbyaprobabilitydensityfunction.PERTtakesintoaccounttheuncertaintyduringtheconstructionprocessandhasbeencreatedoutoftheneedtoplan,scheduleandcontrolcomplexprojectswithmanyuncertainties.ThePERTapproachisstatedinsomebooksandpapers,butthereisnodeepinvestigationontheapplicationinthescheduleriskassessment.ThispaperinvestigatesthePERTworkprocessandtakesavaluabletryontheconstructionscheduleriskassessmentbyusingcasestudies.Theutilizationintheestimatetheconstructionliquidateddamagewiththeuncertaintiesisperformed,whichalsocanbeusedintheinsurancecompanytocalculatetheinsurancepremium.
简介:Jingzuobrandqualitymilletisgoldenincolour,plumpingrain,aromaticandsmoothintaste.ItisasicentificandtechnologicalachievementbytheShanxiProvincialAcademyofAgriculturalScience.Themilletcontains15.12%protein,5.67%crudefat,0.28%lysine,multi-vitaminsandmineralelements.Itsnutritionalcompositionisbetterthanothervarieties.Italsohastheeffectofstrengtheningthestomachandspleen,
简介:Afirst-classforwardingagentcompanyapprovedbytheMinistryofForeignTradeandEconomicCooperation,theMinistryofCommunication,theGeneralCustomsandtheCivilAviationAdministrationofChina,theShanghaiJinhaiJieyaInternationalForwardingCo.LtdcomprisestheShanghaiHaigangIndustrialGeneralCompany,ShanghaiJinJiangAssociatedCorporation(Group)andHongkongJieyaAirFreightForwardingCorporation,intheformofajointventure.