简介：春季是传染性疾病的高发时段，预防工作一定要做到及时、有效。也许从下面的短文中我们可以得到一些启示！

简介：LastWednesday,AgricultureSecretaryAnnVenemanannouncedthefirstcaseofmadcowdiseaseintheUnitedStates.Atestseemedtoshowbovinespongiformencephalopathy,orB-S-E.inacowfromWashingtonstate.Thenextday,alaboratoryinWaybridge,England,Confirmed(证实）thecase。

简介：HeartdiseaseistheleadingkillerofAmericans.Butitkillsmorewomenthanmen.TheAmericanHeartAssociationsaysheartdiseaseandothercardiovascular(心血管的)disorderskillaboutfivehundredthousandwomenayear.Thatismorethanthenextsevencausesofdeathcombined.

简介：Chronicdiseaseshavebecomeafocalpointofpublichealthworldwidewithestimatesoftrillionsofdollarsinannualhealthcarecostandcausingmorethan36milliondeathsayear.Lifestylefactorssuchasphysicalinactivityareheavilycorrelatedwiththedevelopmentofmanychronicdiseases.Newstrategiesforprimaryandsecondarydiseasepreventionaredesperatelyneededtoaidinbluntingthenegativeeconomicandsocialimpactofthesediseases.Physicalactivity(PA)andexercisearenowconsideredprincipalinterventionsforuseinprimaryandsecondarypreventionofchronicdiseases.Currently,moreemphasisinprimarypreventionofdiseaseisnecessarytoreducediseaseriskinyouthandadults;howeverwithchronicdiseaseprevalencesohigh,similaremphasisisalsonecessaryforsecondarypreventioninthosechildrenandadultsalreadyinflictedwithchronicdiseases.Conditionssuchascardiovasculardisease,type2diabetes,obesity,andcanceraredrasticallyimprovedwhenPAandexercisearepartofamedicalmanagementplan.Inaddition,thenationalPAguidelinesinconjunctionwithPApromotiontoolslikeExerciseisMedicine?areneededtopromoteincreasedPAandexerciselevelsworldwide.

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简介：ThepreviousSpecialIssuewasdevotedtophysicalactivity(PA),physicalfitness,diet,andhealthinyoungpeople.ThecontentofthissecondSpecialIssuewillfocusonPAandchronicdiseaseinchildrenandyoungadults.ThefirstpaperwrittenbyDurstineetal.considerstheproblemofchronicdiseasesbecomingapublichealthconcernworldwidewithestimatesoftrillionsofdollaisinannualhealthcarecostsandcausingmorethan36milliondeathsayear.Their

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简介：Background:Manydisease-specificfactorssuchasmuscularweakness,increasedmusclestiffness,varyingposturalstrategies,andchangesinposturalreflexeshavebeenshowntoleadtoposturalinstabilityandfallriskinpeoplewithParkinson'sdisease(PD).Recently,analyticaltechniques,inspiredbythedynamicalsystemsperspectiveonmovementcontrolandcoordination,havebeenusedtoexaminethemechanismsunderlyingthedynamicsofposturaldeclinesandtheemergenceofposturalinstabilitiesinpeoplewithPD.Methods:Awavelet-basedtechniquewasusedtoidentifylimitcycleoscillations(LCOs)intheanterior–posterior(AP)posturalswayofpeoplewithmildPD(n=10)comparedtoage-matchedcontrols(n=10).Participantsstoodonafoamandonarigidsurfacewhilecompletingadualtask(speaking).Results:Therewasnosignificantdifferenceintherootmeansquareofcenterofpressurebetweengroups.Threeoutof10participantswithPDdemonstratedLCOsonthefoamsurface,whilenoneinthecontrolgroupdemonstratedLCOs.AninvertedpendulummodelofbipedalstancewasusedtodemonstratethatLCOsoccurduetodisease-specificchangesassociatedwithPD:time-delayandneuromuscularfeedbackgain.Conclusion:Overall,theLCOanalysisandmathematicalmodelappeartocapturethesubtleposturalinstabilitiesassociatedwithmildPD.Inaddition,thesefindingsprovideinsightsintothemechanismsthatleadtotheemergenceofunstablepostureinpatientswithPD.

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