简介：Theaimofthisexpositionistoprovideadetaileddescriptionoftheuseofcombinatorialalgebrainquantumfieldtheoryintheplanarsetting.ParticularemphasisisplacedontherelationsbetweendifferenttypesofplanarGreen＇sfunctions.TheprimaryobjectisaHopfalgebrathatisnaturallydefinedonvariablesrepresentingnon-commutingsources,andwhosecoproductsplitsintotwohalf-coproducts.Thelattergiverisetothenotionofanunshuffiebialgebra.ThissettingallowsadescriptionoftherelationbetweenfullandconnectedplanarGreen＇sfunctionstobegivenbysolvingasimplelinearfixedpointequation.Wealsoincludeabriefoutlineoftheconsequencesofourapproachintheframeworkofordinaryquantumfieldtheory.

简介：Thecoalescencetimebetweentwocontactingbubbleswasmeasuredexperimentallyindifferentacousticpressuresandfrequenciesusinganimagingsystemwithahigh-speedvideocamera,andtakenananalysistotheinfluenceofthesecondaryBjerknesforceandmaximumoscillationvelocityonthecoalescencetimeoftwocontactingbubblesinthispaper.Itshowedthatundertheactionofdifferentacousticpressuresandfrequencies,thecoalescencetimeincreaseswithsecondaryforceandmaximumoscillationvelocity.TheanalysisandcomparisonofthesecondaryBjerknesforceandmaximumoscillationvelocityfortheeffectofbubblecoalescencetimeshowedthatthesecondaryBjerknesforceisthecriticalfactortoinfluencethebubblecoalescence.

简介：Inmanydomainsofphysics,methodsfordealingwithnon-perturbativeaspectsarerequired.Here,IwanttoarguethatagoodapproachforthisistoworkontheBoreltransformsofthequantitiesofinterest,thesingularitiesofwhichgivenon-perturbativecontributions.ThesesingularitiesinmanycasescanbelargelydeterminedbyusingthealiencalculusdevelopedbyJeanEcalle.Mymainexamplewillbethetwopointfunctionofamasslesstheorygivenasasolutionofarenormalizationgroupequation.

简介：Theinteractionsofstrong-fieldfew-cyclelaserpulseswithmetastablestatesofnoblegasatomsareexamined.Metastablenoblegasatomsofferacombinationoflowionizationpotentialandarelativelysimpleatomicstructure,makingthemexcellenttargetsforexaminingionizationdynamicsinvaryingexperimentalconditions.Areviewofthecurrentworkperformedonmetastablenoblegasatomsispresented.

简介：Weexperimentallyinvestigateprobetransmissionsignals（PTS）,thefour-wavemixingphotonicbandgapsignal（FWMBGS）,andthefluorescencesignal（FLS）inaninvertedY-typefourlevelatomicsystem.Forthefirsttime,wecomparetheFLSofthetwoground-statehyperfinelevelsofRb85.Inparticular,thesecond-orderandthefourth-orderfluorescencesignalsperformdramaticdressingdiscrepanciesunderthetwohyperfinelevels.Moreover,wefindthatthedressingfieldhassomedressingeffectsonthreesuchtypesofsignals.Therefore,wedemonstratethatthecharacteristicsofPTS,FWMBGS,andFLScanbecontrolledbyfrequencydetunings,thepowersorphasesofthedressingfield.Suchresearchcouldhavepotentialapplicationsinopticaldiodes,amplifiers,andquantuminformationprocessing.

简介：当考虑热传导时，阶段地建模途径被用来学习纯Ni的氧化行为。在这计算，温度T上的Cahn-Hilliard方程Lc的系数的依赖被考虑。到这个目的，为纯Ni当模特儿的高温度的氧化实验和阶段地在600点在气压下面在空中被执行，700，并且\(800\，^{\circ}\hbox{C}\)。氧化率被thermogravimetry测量，在这些温度的Lc经由交互算法是坚定的。与Lc\({构造的-}T\)关系，Ni的氧化行为当考虑热时，传导被调查。氧化度，氧化物电影厚度，和特定的重量获得上的温度边界的影响被讨论。当模特儿的途径在这研究建议了的阶段地将给氧化抵抗分析的一些热点和热保护材料的冷却措施设计。

简介：Inthispaper,anewclassofsolutionsofthevacuumEinstein'sfieldequationswithcosmologicalconstantisobtained.Thisclassofsolutionspossessesthenakedphysicalsingularity.ThenormoftheRiemanncurvaturetensorofthisclassofsolutionstakesinfinityatsomepointsandthesolutionsdonothaveanyeventhorizonaroundthesingularity.

简介：这份报纸处理一个模式III界面的裂缝题目到反飞机应力和在里面飞机电场。分析专注于从不一致的ferroelectric-ferroelastic领域由一个电场切换调节破裂坚韧。电的装载改变不对称的切换地区的尺寸。采用重量功能方法，我们获得韧化为的电子上依赖的开关静止并且变得界面的伪静电干扰分别地裂开。多域答案为杆得非、杆得充分的铁电体composites被导出。数字结果在批评应用压力紧张因素调节的电场上被介绍。研究提供方法由改变电场优化铁电体composites的破裂性质。

简介：Themagnetoresistanceeffectofap–njunctionunderanelectricfieldwhichisintroducedbythegatevoltageatroomtemperatureisinvestigatedbysimulation.Asauxiliarymodels,theLombardiCVTmodelandcarriergenerationrecombinationmodelareintroducedintoadrift-diffusiontransportmodelandcarriercontinuityequations.Alltheequationsarediscretizedbythefinite-differencemethodandtheboxintegrationmethodandthensolvedbyNewtoniteration.Takingadvantageofthosemodelsandmethods,anabruptjunctionwithuniformdopingisstudiedsystematically,andthemagnetoresistanceasafunctionofdopingconcentration,SiO_2thicknessandgeometricalsizeisalsoinvestigated.Thesimulationresultsshowthatthemagnetoresistance(MR)canbecontrolledsubstantiallybythegateandisdependentonthepolarityofthemagneticfield.

简介：Wereportonasystematicexperimentalstudyonthefluorescencespectraproducedfromafemtosecondlaserfilamentinairunderahighelectricfield.Theelectricfieldalonewasstrongenoughtocreatecoronadischarge(CD).Fluorescencespectrafromneutralandionicairmoleculesweremeasuredandcomparedwithpurehigh-voltageCDandpurelaserfilamentation(FIL).Amongthem,highelectricfieldassistedlaserFILproducednitrogenfluorescencemoreefficientlythaneitherpureCDorpureFILprocesses.Thenonlinearenhancementoffluorescencefromtheinteractionofthelaserfilamentandcoronadischargingelectricfieldresultedinamoreefficientionizationalongthelaserfilamentzone,whichwasconfirmedbythespectroscopicmeasurementofbothionization-inducedfluorescenceandplasma-scattered800nmlaserpulses.Thisisbelievedtobethekeyprecursorprocessforfilament-guideddischarge.

简介：由启用在大多数材料的机能上地相关的长度规模探查lightmatter相互作用，近地的光成像和光谱学存取与另外的方法是不能得到的信息。无孔的技术的来临，它利用ultralocalized并且提高近地由突然地金属性的尖端或plasmonicnanoparticles创造了，为学习新奇材料和现象导致了近地的途径的快速的采纳，与接近亚molecular层次的空间分辨率。然而，这些途径由无孔的尖端的主导的out-of-plane极化反应通常是有限的，限制许多材料性质的探索和发现。这在为与近地的轻部件提高在里面飞机相互作用明确地设计的近地的尖端导致了最近的设计和制造突破。这微型评论在针对利用的最近的进步和新兴的方向上提供一个观点，加亮在哪儿的关键应用程序空格并且控制在里面飞机光极化近地的尖端回答启用了的在里面飞机在新nanostructured材料和设备的理解和开发的最近的前进。

简介：Anultrasensitivemagneticfieldsensorbasedonacompactin-fiberMach–Zehnderinterferometer（MZI）createdintwin-corefiber（TCF）isproposed,anditsperformanceisexperimentallydemonstrated.AsectionofTCFwassplicedbetweentwosectionsofstandardsingle-modefibers,andthenamicrochannelwasdrilledthroughonecoreoftheTCFbymeansoffemtosecondlasermicromachining.TheTCFwithonemicrochannelwasthenimmersedinawater-basedFe3O4magneticfluid（MF）,formingadirectcomponentofthelightpropagationpath,andthensealedinacapillarytube,achievingamagneticsensingelement,whichmergestheadvantagesofanMZIwithanMF.Experimentswereconductedtoinvestigatethemagneticresponseoftheproposedsensor.Thedevelopedmagneticfieldsensorexhibitsalinearresponsewithinameasurementrangefrom5to9.5mTandanultrahighsensitivityof20.8nm/mT,which,toourbestknowledge,is2ordersofmagnitudegreaterthanotherpreviouslyreportedmagneticsensors.Theproposedsensorisexpectedtooffersignificantpotentialfordetectingweakmagneticfields.

简介：连续统wavepacket干扰被数字地解决时间依赖者Schr调查?为有激光地的氢原子的相互作用的dinger方程。获得的wavepacket进化显示那，在over-the-barrier电离政体(1016W/cm2),电离的continuumcontinuum(CC)干扰电子在highorder泛音产生(HHG)成为主要过程，与连续统界限(CB)相比转移，由Kohler等报导了。[Phys。加快。Lett。105(20)，203902(2010)].We为控制电离的量轨道建议一个二颜色的激光地计划电子并且为扩大CC泛音精力。作为结果，一个高精力平台发生在HHG光谱，它完全从CC泛音发源，与由二颜色的域的相对阶段可调节的截止。这在超级强烈激光地里提供原子和分子的动态特征的进一步的理解并且提供一个机会想象原子或分子的潜力。

简介：Anovelmagneticfieldsensingsystembasedonthefiberloopring-downtechniqueisproposedinthispaper.Inthefiberloop,aU-bentsingle-mode-fiberstructurecoatedwithmagneticfluid(MF)servesasthesensinghead,andanerbium-dopedfiberamplifier(EDFA)isintroducedtocompensatefortheintrinsiclossofthecavity.Thering-downtimeofthesystemvarieswiththechangeofappliedmagneticfieldduetothetunableabsorptioncoefficientandrefractiveindexoftheMF.Therefore,measurementofthemagneticfieldcanberealizedbymonitoringtheringdowntime.Theexperimentalresultsshowthattheperformanceofthesystemisextremelydependentontheinterrogationwavelength,becauseboththegainoftheEDFAandthelossofthesensingheadarewavelengthdependent.Wefoundthatattheoptimalwavelength,theratioofthegaintolossattaineditsmaximum.Thesensingsystemwasexperimentallydemonstratedandasensitivityof-0.5951μs∕Oewasachieved.