简介：LECR4isthefirstECRionsourceusingevaporativecoolingtechnologyintheworld.Itsuniquefeatureisthatthesolenoidsweremadefromsolidsquarecopperwires(3.32mm×5.77mmwithinsulation),andthatallthecoilsareentirelyimmersedintheroomtemperaturecoolant.Thecoilscanproduceamaximumaxialmagneticfieldupto2.5T.LECR4aimstoprovideintensemultiplechargestateionbeamsforSSC-Linacproject-anewLinearinjectorfortheSeparatedSectorCyclotron(SSC).Presently,someionbeamswithdifferentM/QratiohavebeenacceleratedsuccessfullywiththeRFQandDTL,suchas200eμAof16O^5+,200eμAof40Ar^8+,50eμAof209Bi^30+etc.ThemeasuredtransmissionefficiencyofRFQisupto90%.ThelayoutofLECR4ionsourceandtheLEBTisshowninFig.1.

简介：FERMI,theseededfreeelectronlaser(FEL)inoperationinItaly,isprovidingtheUserCommunitywithuniquefullycoherentradiation,inthewavelengthrange100–4nm.FERMIisthefirstFELfullysynchronizedbymeansofopticalfibers.Theopticaltimingsystemensuresanultra-stablephasereferencetoitsdistributedclients.Severalfemtosecondlongitudinaldiagnosticsverifytheachievedperformance;thebunchlengthmonitor(BLM)andthebuncharrivalmonitor(BAM)willbepresentedinthispaper.Feedbacksystemsplayacrucialroletoguaranteetheneededlongtermelectronbeamstability.Areal-timeinfrastructureallowsshot-to-shotcommunicationbetweenfront-endcomputersandtheservers.Orbitfeedbacksareusefulinmachinetuning,whereaslongitudinalfeedbackscontrolelectronenergy,compressionandarrivaltime.Aflexiblesoftwareframeworkallowsarapidimplementationofheterogeneousmultiinput–multi-output(MIMO)longitudinalloopssimplybyselectingtheappropriatesensorsandactuators.

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