简介：Thispaperpresentstheresultsofourinvestigationsofbreakdownmechanisms,aswellasadescriptionoftheirinfluenceonthedistributionsoftimedelaydistributions,foragastubefilledwithnitrogenat4mbar.Thevaluesofthetimedelayaremeasuredfordifferentvoltages,andthevaluesoftherelaxationtimesandtheirdistributionsandprobabilityplotsareanalyzed.TheobtaineddensitydistributionshaveGaussiandistributionsandexponentialdistributionsfordifferentvaluesofrelaxationtimes(Gaussianforsmallvaluesandexponentialforlargevaluesofrelaxationtime).ItisshownthatformiddlevaluesofrelaxationtimethedelaydistributionshaveashapebetweenGaussianandexponentialdistributions,whichisaresultofthedifferentinfluencesofelectricalbreakdown.

简介：Surfacemodificationonapolytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE)panelwasperformedwithsequentialnitrogenplasmatreatmentsandsurface-initiatedpolymerization.ByintroducingCOO—groupstothesurfaceofthePTFEpanelthroughgraftingpolymerizationofacrylicacid(AA),atransparentpoly(acrylicacid)(PAA)membranewasachievedfromacrylicacidsolution.GraftingpolymerizationinitiatingfromtheactivegroupswasachievedonthePTFEpanelsurfaceafterthenitrogenplasmatreatment.Utilizingtheacrylicacidasmonomers,withCOO—groupsascrosslinksitestoformreticulationstructure,atransparentpoly(acrylicacid)membranewitharborescentmacromolecularstructurewasformedonthePTFEpanelsurface.Analysismethods,suchasfouriertransforminfraredspectroscopy(FTIR),microscopyandX-rayphotoelectronspectroscopy(XPS),wereutilizedtocharacterizethestructuresofthemacromoleculemembraneonthePTFEpanelsurface.AcontactanglemeasurementwasperformedtocharacterizethemodifiedPTFEpanels.ThesurfacehydrophilicitiesofmodifiedPTFEpanelsweresignificantlyenhancedaftertheplasmatreatment.Itwasshownthatthegraftingrateisrelatedtothetreatingtimeandthepowerofplasma.

简介：Togetanoptimizedpulsedelectricalplasmadischargereactorandtoincreasetheenergyutilizationefficiencyintheremovalofpollutants,twohybridplasmadischargereactorsweredesignedandoptimized.Thereactorswerecomparedviathedischargecharacteristics,energytransferefficiency,theyieldsoftheactivespeciesandtheenergyutilizationindyewastewaterdegradation.TheresultsshowedthatunderthesameACinputpower,thecharacteristicsofthedischargewaveformofthepoint-to-platereactorwerebetter.UnderthesameACinputpower,thetworeactorsbothhadalmostthesamepeakvoltageof22kV.Thepeakcurrentofthepoint-to-platereactorwas146A,whilethatofthewire-to-cylinderreactorwasonly48.8A.Thepeakpowersofthepoint-to-platereactorandthewire-to-cylinderreactorwere1.38MWand1.01MW,respectively.Theenergyperpulseofthepoint-to-platereactorwas0.2221J,whichwasabout29.4%higherthanthatofthewire-to-cylinderreactor（0.1716J）.Toremove50%AcidOrange7（A07）,theenergyutilizationsofthepoint-to-platereactorandthewireto-cylinderreactorwere1.02×10-9mol/Land0.61×10-9mol/L,respectively.Inthepoint-toplatereactor,theconcentrationofhydrogenperoxideinpurewaterwas3.6mmol/Lafter40minofdischarge,whichwashigherthanthatofthewire-to-cylinderreactor（2.5mmol/L）.Theconcentrationofliquidphaseozoneinthepoint-to-platereactor(5.7×10-2mmol/L)wasabout26.7%higherthanthatinthewire-to-cylinderreactor(4.5×10-2mmol/L).Theanalysisresultsofthevarianceshowedthatthetypeofreactorandreactiontimehadsignificantimpactsontheyieldsofthehydrogenperoxideandozone.ThemaindegradationintermediatesofA07identifiedbygaschromatographyandmassspectrometry（GCMS）wereaceticacid,maleicanhydride,pbenzoquinone,phenol,benzoicacid,phthalicanhydride,coumarinand2-naphthol.Proposeddegradationpathwayswereelucidatedinlightoftheanalyzeddegradationproducts.

简介：Inthiswork,aplasma-solutionsystemwasappliedtothedegradationofAcidOrange7(A07).Theeffectsofinitialconcentrationandtypeoffeedgases(air,oxygen,nitrogenorargon)werestudied.Astheinitialconcentrationincreasedfrom100mg/Lto160mg/L,thediscolourationrateofA07decreasedfrom99.3%to95.9%,whereastheCODremovalratedecreasedfrom37.9%to22.6%.AirprovidedthebestdiscolourationandCODremovalrates(99.3%and37.9%,respectively).Inthepresenceofazero-valentiron(ZVI)catalyst,theA07CODremovalrateincreasedto76.4%.ThedegradationproductswereanalysedbyaGC-MS,revealingthatthedegradationofthedyemoleculewasinitiatedthroughthecleavageofthe-N=N-bondbeforefinallybeingconvertedtoorganicacids.