简介：Withdevelopmentofmoderngeoscience,particularlydevelopmentofenvironmentalsciences,thecontemporarysoilscienceisundergoinggreatchangesinbothresearchcontentsandscope.Soilisnotonlyacertainsubstanceoracertainindependentnaturalhistoricalbodybutalsoasphericlayerwithpeculiarstructureandfunctionsintheearthsystem.Fromtheviewpointofthegeo-biospheresystemofearth,soilsciencedoesdealnotonlywiththesoilsubstancespersebutalsomoreimportantlywiththerelationshipsamongsoil,theotherspheresandthehumansurvivalenvironmentinviewofthe"pedosphere",Thisistheneworientationofsoilsciencetodayandwillaffectprofoundlythestudiesonthehumansurvivalenvironmentandglobalchanges,Tothrowmorelightonthissubject,thepresentpaperintendstoaddresstheconceptionofpedosphereanditsroleinglobalchanges,AlsoaddressedareseriesofenvironmentalissuesinChinaandtheirrelationstotheglobalchanges.Moreover,researchorientationandprioritiesareindicated,includingexploitationandprotectionofthesoilresources,soilfertilityandsustainableagriculturaldevelopment,constructionoftheecologicalenvironment,andthematerialcyclinginpedosphereanditsrelationtoglobalchanges.

简介：Ectomycorrhizae(ECM)isbecomingtheresearchhotspotbecauseitcanimproveplantnutrientcyclingandstorageandstrengthenplantresistancetoadversityanddisease.ItiswellknownthatECMcanenhanceplantresistancetosoil-borneandstemdiseases.Themechanismsmainlyinclude:planttenderrootswillbeprotectedwellbysheath;ECMcanfacilitateuptakeandtransportcapacityofnutritionandwatertorootsandincreaseplantsvigor;ECMcancontrolorblockpathogenstoinvadetrees;ECMcanactivateresistance-relatedenzymesofthehosts;italsocanformrhizospheremicrobialcolonyandestablishroot-rhizospheremicro-ecologicalenvironment.Somycorrhizaltechnologyhasbecomeoneofthemostimportantmethodsofecologicalcontrolandbiologicalcontrolofplantdiseases.ThispapersummarizestheapplicationanddevelopmentofECMinforestdiseasecontrolandalsoraisessomeideasontheirtheoryandapplicationresearchesinthefuture.

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简介：Itisnecessarytounderstandthebacterialpopulationsassociatedwithricesoastoprovidemoreinformationandnaturalresourcesforeffectivemanagementofmajordiseasesinrice.Asurveyonscreeningandidentificationofgram-positivebacteriawasconductedduring1998-2004.Sevenhundredandfifty-sixricesampleswerecollectedfromZhejiang,Jiangsu,FujianandYunnanProvinces,China.Over1000bacterialisolateswereisolatedandtestedforcolonymorphology,pathogenicity,andsomecharacteristicsofbacteriologyincludingGramstaining,fluorescentpigmentonKingsmediumBandmicroscopicobservationforendospore.Togetherwithfivestandardreferencestrains,74representativegram-positivebacterialisolateswereconfirmedbyBiologandgaschromatographicanalysisoffattyacidmethylesters.FivebacterialspeciesofBacillusandotherthreegenerawereidentifiedandisolatesfromBacillussublitisandBacillusmegaterium,exhibitedthemosteffectiveinhibitionagainstthepathogensofsheathblightandbakanaediseaseofrice.AfewisolatesfromBacilluspumilusandBacillusmegateriumshowedweakvirulentonricetogetherwithsomevirulentisolates,dskshouldbeconsideredwhenisolatesfromthesespecieswerescreenedforbiocontrolagents.