简介：Assessmentofsoilqualityisimportantforoptimumproductionandnaturalresourcesconservation.AgriculturalandpasturesoilqualitiesofDeh-SorkhregionlocatedatsouthofMashhad,northeasternIranwereassessedusingtheintegratedqualityindex(IQI)andNemeroqualityindex(NQI)modelsincombinationwithtwodatasets,i.e.,totaldataset(TDS)andminimumdataset(MDS).Inthisstudy6soilpropertiesconsideredasMDSwereselectedoutof18propertiesasTDSusingprinciplecomponentanalysis.Soilsamplesweredividedinto3groupsbasedonoptimumrangesof8soilphysicalqualityindicators.Soilsampleswiththemostindicatorsatoptimumrangewereselectedasgroup1andthesampleshavingfewerindicatorsatoptimumrangewerelocatedingroups2and3.Optimumrangesofsoilporesizedistributionfunctionswerealsodeterminedassoilphysicalqualityindicesbasedon8soilphysicalqualityindicators.Poresizedistributioncurvesofgroup1wereconsideredastheoptimumporesizefunctions.Theresultsshowedthatrelativelyhighorganiccarboncontentscouldimproveporesizedistribution.Meancomparisonsofsoilphysicalqualityindicatorsdemonstratedthatmeanweightdiameterofwetaggregates,structuralstabilityindex,theslopeofmoistureretentioncurveatinflectionpoint,andplantavailablewatercontentinagriculturallandusedecreasedsignificantlyinrelationtopasturelanduse.Inaddition,theresultsdemonstratedthatthestudiedMDScouldbeasuitablerepresentativeofTDS.78%ofpasturesoilshadtheoptimumporesizedistributionfunctions,whilethisparameterforagriculturalsoilswasonly13%.Ingeneral,thesoilsofthestudiedregionshowedhighlimitationsforplantgrowthaccordingtothestudiedindicators.

简介：Soilsalinityandalkalinityadverselyaffectstheproductivityandgrainqualityofrice.Thegrainqualityof19ricegenotypescharacterizedassalttolerant(T),semi-tolerant(ST)andsensitive(S)wasassessedinlysimeterscontainingsalineandhighlyalkalinesoils.Headricerecoverywasreducedbysalinitystresswhereasitwasnotaffectedbyalkalinitystress.Theratiooflengthtowidth(graindimensions)wassignificantlyreducedintheTgenotypeevenatlowelectricalconductivity(EC,4mS/cm)andalkalinity(pH9.5),whereasintheSTgenotype,itwassignificantlyreducedathighsalinity(EC8mS/cm).TherewasnosignificanteffectofanylevelsofsalinityoralkalinityongraindimensionsintheSgenotype.AmylosecontentwassignificantlyreducedinTandSTgroupsevenatlowEC(4mS/cm)andalkalinity(pH9.5)andtheeffectintheSgenotypewasonlyathighsalinity.Starchcontentshowedsignificantreductionathighsalinityandalkalinity(EC8mS/cmandpH9.8)intheTandSTgenotypesandnosignificanteffectwasobservedintheSgenotype.Theeffectofbothlevelsofsalinity(EC4and8mS/cm)andhighalkalinity(pH9.8)ongelconsistencywasobservedonlyintheSgenotype.ThetolerantgenotypesIR36underhighsalinity,andCSR10andCSR11underalkalistressshowedlessreductioninamylosecontent.TheTgenotypeBR4-10,andSTgenotypesCSR30,CSR29andCSR13showedbettergelconsistencyundersalineandalkalistress.Amylosecontentwasaffectedevenatlowsalinitystressandthusimportanttobeconsideredinbreedingriceforsalttolerance.Overall,thegrainqualityofTandSTgenotypeswaslessaffectedbysalineandalkalistresscomparedtoSones.

简介：四的谷物质量和安全刚收获了在圣特Catarina的北方在灌溉系统下面种的栽培变种(Epagri109，SCS114Andosan，TioTaka113和Epagri115CL)说的稻米饭(OryzasativaL.)，巴西被学习。评估的优秀参数是mycoflora，mycotoxins(黄麴毒素，ochratoxinA和zearalenone)，除了环境条件(相对湿度和温度)的水分发(潮湿内容和水活动)和在收获和预定的工业接收之间的关系。所有栽培变种介绍了8.6h的一平均等待时间(从0.3～24.9h)，8.6獩祰楲慢?的全部的真菌负担??‥吗？？

简介：QTLmappingforsevenqualitytraitswasconductedbyusing254recombinantinbredlines(RIL)derivedfromajaponica-japonicaricecrossofXiushui79/CBao.Theseventraitsinvestigatedweregrainlength(GL),grainlengthtowidthratio(LWR),chalkgrainrate(CGR),chalkinessdegree(CD),gelatinizationtemperature(GT),amylosecontent(AC)andgelconsistency(GC)ofheadrice.ThreemappingmethodsemployedwerecompositeintervalmappinginQTLMapper2.0softwarebasedonmixedlinearmodel(MCIM),inclusivecompositeintervalmappinginQTLIciMapping3.0softwarebasedonstepwiseregressionlinearmodel(ICIM)andmultipleintervalmappingwithregressionforwardselectioninWindowsQTLCartographer2.5basedonmultipleregressionanalysis(MIMR).ResultsshowedthatfiveQTLswithadditiveeffect(A-QTLs)weredetectedbyallthethreemethodssimultaneously,twobytwomethodssimultaneously,and23byonlyonemethod.FiveA-QTLsweredetectedbyMCIM,ninebyICIMand28byMIMR.ThecontributionratesofsingleA-QTLrangedfrom0.89%to38.07%.AlltheQTLswithepistaticeffect(E-QTLs)detectedbyMIMRwerenotdetectedbytheothertwomethods.FourteenpairsofE-QTLsweredetectedbybothMCIMandICIM,and142pairsofE-QTLsweredetectedbyonlyonemethod.Twenty-fivepairsofE-QTLsweredetectedbyMCIM,141pairsbyICIMandfourpairsbyMIMR.ThecontributionratesofsinglepairofE-QTLwerefrom2.60%to23.78%.IntheXiu-BaoRILpopulation,epistaticeffectplayedamajorroleinthevariationofGLandCD,andadditiveeffectwasthedominantinthevariationofLWR,whilebothepistaticeffectandadditiveeffecthadequalimportanceinthevariationofCGR,AC,GTandGC.QTLsdetectedbytwoormoremethodssimultaneouslywerehighlyreliable,andcouldbeappliedtoimprovethequalitytraitsinjaponicahybridrice.