简介:AIM:Toinvestigatethespecialtyoftranscranialsurgerythroughpterionalapproachforremovalofcranio-orbitaltumors,introducetheophthalmologicalexperiencesofenteringtheorbittoreducetheincidencerateofassociatedcomplicationsofthisoperation.·METHODS:Weperformedaretrospectiveanalysisofaseriesof37casesinvolvingpatientswhounderwenttranscranialsurgerythroughpterionalapproachfortreatmentofcranio-orbitaltumorsinourdepartmentinthepast8years.Pterionapproachcraniotomywasperformedtoallpatients.Afterremovingtumorsintheskullbytheneurosurgeon,ophthalmologistremovedtumorsinorbit.Wetookmeasuresbelowtodecreasecomplications,includinggroundingopticcanalthroughanabrasivedrillingwhennecessary,hangingvariousextraocularmusclestobeexposedforprotection,refrigeratingbyrefrigerationheadstoremovetumors,atlastsewinguporbitseptumaftersurgery.·RESULTS:Tumorswereremovedcompletelyin32cases,andincompletein5casesduetoextensiveinvasionintothecavernoussinusorsphenoidsinus.Ofallthecases,benigntumorsweredemonstratedin28cases(75.6%,28/37)andmalignantin9(24.3%,9/37).Themostcommonlesiontypewasmeningiomain11cases(29.7%,11/37).Extraocularmuscles(EOM)impairment,occurringin21cases(56.7%,21/37),wasthemostfrequentpostoperativecomplication.Themostseriousconsequencewasvisionlossoccurredin4cases(10.8%,4/37).Othercomplications,suchas11casesoftransientblepharoptosis29.7%(11/37),5casesofmydriasisin13.5%(5/7);2casesofcerebrospinalrhinorrheain5.4%(2/37).·CONCLUSION:Cranio-orbitaltumorscanberemovedcompletelyusingtranscranialapproach,andthepterionalapproachoffersexcellentexposure.Cooperationofinterdisciplinaryteamofneurosurgeonsandophthalmologistsconducestofulluseofrespectiveprofessionaladvantages.Theexperienceofophthalmicoperationtechnologycandecreaseoccurrenceofocularcomplicationsaftersurger
简介:摘要目的探讨血液净化室感染风险及感染控制方法。方法选取我院2013年3月—2015年3月收治的血液透析净化患者98例作为实验研究对象,分析血液透析净化过程中出现的血液净化室感染风险,然后依据标准采用严格规范管理进行感染控制,观察比较感染控制前后医院感染发生几率、护士护理质量改善情况及各项感染监测指标合格率等。结果血液净化室感染风险主要是血液净化室布局设计不合理、室内空气洁净度不达标等等;进行过感染控制后,医院感染几率减少,没有出现因为复用透析器及操作因素等导致的医源性感染事件,各项感染监测指标合格率大于98%;采用中心静脉置管导管感染率是3.1%。结论医护人员应具有较高风险意识,严格执行血液净化室感染管理规范,持续改进质量,预防血液净化室感染发生。
简介:摘要目的通过文献回顾,了解我国HIV感染者中HBV感染的流行特征。方法通过对2010-2019年文献检索、文献筛选、质量评价等过程,收集我国有关HIV感染者合并感染HBV的研究文献,对符合纳入标准的文献提取相关数据后进行Meta分析。结果共纳入27项研究,合并样本量为69 816例;我国HIV感染者的HBV合并感染率为11.29%,西部地区(10.73%)和南部地区(14.18%)的合并感染率较高,北部地区(6.36%)最低;血液或血液制品传播、注射吸毒传播、同性性传播、异性性传播、传播途径不详和母婴传播的HIV感染者的HBV合并感染率分别为11.22%、12.76%、9.58%、11.32%、10.34%和2.87%。在HIV各种传播途径中,经母婴传播的HIV感染者的HBV合并感染率最低;南部地区男性HIV感染者的HBV感染率是女性的1.29倍。结论我国HIV感染者的HBV感染率明显高于普通人群的HBV感染率;应加强HIV/HBV共感染者的预防控制。