简介：Background:Motorcompetenceandhealth-relatedfitnessareimportantcomponentsforthedevelopmentandmaintenanceofahealthylifestyleinchildren.Thisstudyexaminedcross-culturalperformancesonmotorcompetenceandhealth-relatedfitnessbetweenPortugueseandU.S.children.Methods:Portuguese(n=508;10.14±2.13years,mean±SD)andU.S.(n=710;9.48±1.62years)childrenperformedtestsofcardiorespiratoryfitness(ProgressiveAerobicCardiovascularEnduranceRun),upperbodystrength(handgrip),locomotorskillperformance(standinglongjump),andobjectprojectionskillperformance(throwingandkicking).PortugueseandU.S.childrenweredividedinto2agegroups(6à9and10à13years)fordataanalysispurposes.Atwoàfactoroneàwayanalysisofcovariance(ANOVA)wasconductedwiththeProgressiveAerobicCardiovascularEnduranceRun,handgrip,standinglongjumpscores,kicking,andthrowingspeed(km/h)asdependentvariables.Results:ResultsindicatedthatPortuguesechildren,irrespectiveofsex,presentedbetterperformancesinlocomotorandcardiorespiratoryperformance(standinglongjumpandProgressiveAerobicCardiovascularEnduranceRun)thanU.S.childreninbothagebands.U.S.childrenoutperformedPortuguesechildrenduringthrowingandhandgriptests.Kickingtestspresentedgenderdifferences:PortugueseboysandU.S.girlsoutperformedtheirinternationallymatchedcounterparts.Conclusion:Culturaldifferencesinphysicaleducationcurriculaandsportsparticipationmayimpactdifferencesinmotorcompetenceandfitnessdevelopmentinthesecountries.

简介：AIM:Todeterminethedistributionsofcentralcornealthickness(CCT)andintraocularpressure(IOP)inemmetropiceyesofhealthychildrenofPalestine.METHODS:Thisrepresentativecrosssectionalstudyincludedatotalof1156eyesfrom578healthyschoolchildrenaged7-15y.Inclusioncriteriaincludedemmetropia,noprevioushistoryofocularorsystemicdiseases,noprevioushistoryofcontactlensuse,andtheavailabilityofbotheyes.CCTandIOPweremeasuredusingultrasoundpachymeterandGoldmannapplanationtonometer,respectively.Therelationshipoftheresultswithageandgenderwasinvestigated.RESULTS:Themeanageofschoolchildrenwas11.13±2.8y.MeanCCTwas542.2±37.4and544.3±39.2μmforrightandlefteyes,respectively.MeanIOPwas12.5±2.2and12.3±2.2mmHgforrightandlefteyes,respectively.ApositivecorrelationwasobservedbetweenCCTandIOPoftherighteye(P<0.001,R=0.358)andCCTandIOPofthelefteye(P<0.001,R=0.324).NosignificantdifferenceswereobservedinCCTandIOPduetoageorgender(P>0.05).ThereweresignificantdifferencesinmeanCCTandIOPbetweenrightandlefteyes(P=0.004,P=0.001,respectively).CONCLUSION:ApopulationprofileofCCTandIOPisestablishedinPalestinianchildrenforthefirsttime.MeanCCTiscomparabletosomestudiesbutdifferfromothers.MeanIOPisconsiderablylowerthanthatofmajoritychildrenofotherethnicgroups.Intereyedifferenceofmorethan36μminCCT,and5mmHginIOPshouldpromptevaluationforpotentialoculardisorders.

简介：TherecentpublicationbyChekroudetal.inLancetPsychiatryfocusesontherelationshipbetweenphysicalexerciseandmentalhealth.Mentalhealthisdefinedasoptimalpersonalfunctioning"resultinginproductiveactivities,fulfillingrelationshipswithotherpeople,andtheabilitytoadapttochangeandtocopewithadversity".(p.4)Recently,mentalhealthhasnolongerbeendescribedasadichotomousstatebutasacontinuum,withpersonalmentalstatesrangingfromhighlyfunctionaltomentallyill.