简介：AbstractObjective:To explore the best timing for frozen embryo transfer (FET) after ovarian stimulation and egg retrieval using the clomiphene citrate (CC) + human menopausal gonadotropin (hMG) ovulation induction regimen through a retrospective analysis.Methods:Data of patients who underwent CC + hMG ovulation induction and FET from January 2014 to December 2019 were analyzed retrospectively. The patients were divided into three groups according to the interval from egg retrieval to FET: CC1 (within 1 menstrual cycle), CC2 (2 menstrual cycles), and CC3 (≥ 3 menstrual cycles). Indicators such as hormone levels and pregnancy outcomes were recorded to explore the effect of different intervals on pregnancy outcome.Results:A total of 1,082 transfer cycles were included in this retrospective analysis. The implantation, clinical pregnancy, and live birth rates in the CC1 group were significantly lower than those in the CC2 and CC3 groups (P < 0.05). The E2/P4 ratio on progesterone injection day (3 days before thawed embryo transfer) was lower in the CC1 group than in the other groups (P < 0.05). After adjusting for all factors using multifactor regression analysis, the interval between egg retrieval and FET was found to be an independent predictor of the implantation, pregnancy, and live birth rates.Conclusion:An interval of more than one menstrual cycle between the day of egg retrieval after ovarian stimulation with the CC + hMG ovulation induction regimen and the day of FET can result in high implantation, clinical pregnancy, and live birth rates, which can lead to an improved pregnancy outcome.

简介：AbstractThis study aimed to describe a case of a patient with the spontaneous dissolution of zona pellucida (ZP) during cleavage embryo development after intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). This patient experienced early abortion due to fetal chromosome 8 abnormality and received ICSI at 31 years of age. Time-lapse monitoring of embryo cleavage and blastocyst culture was performed, and we found that the ZP of embryos 1, 2, 4, and 5 dissolved gradually during the cleavage stage of embryo development. Five blastocysts that developed from 2 pronuclear zygotes were analyzed using next-generation sequencing, and one frozen-thawed blastocyst was transferred, resulting in intrauterine pregnancy. The results of amniotic fluid puncture showed normal fetal chromosomes. To our knowledge, this is the first report of ZP dissolution during the cleavage-stage embryo; however, the exact mechanism remains unknown. The morphological changes inferred that the granular matter in the periocular space was related to the dissolution of ZP through time-lapse observation.

简介：AbstractBackground:Empiric therapy for patients with unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss (URPL) is not precise. Some patients will ask for assisted reproductive technology due to secondary infertility or advanced maternal age. The clinical outcomes of URPL patients who have undergone in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET) require elucidation. The IVF outcome and influencing factors of URPL patients need further study.Methods:A retrospective cohort study was designed, and 312 infertile patients with URPL who had been treated during January 2012 to December 2015 in the Reproduction Center of Peking University Third Hospital were included. By comparing clinical outcomes between these patients and those with tubal factor infertility (TFI), the factors affecting the clinical outcomes of URPL patients were analyzed.Results:The clinical pregnancy rate (35.18% vs. 34.52% in fresh ET cycles, P = 0.877; 34.48% vs. 40.27% in frozen-thawed ET cycles, P = 0.283) and live birth rate (LBR) in fresh ET cycles (27.67% vs. 26.59%, P = 0.785) were not significantly different between URPL group and TFI group. URPL group had lower LBR in frozen-thawed ET cycles than that of TFI group (23.56% vs. 33.56%, P = 0.047), but the cumulative LBRs (34.69% vs. 38.26%, P = 0.368) were not significantly different between the two groups. The increased endometrial thickness (EMT) on the human chorionic gonadotropin day (odds ratio [OR]: 0.848, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.748-0.962, P = 0.010) and the increased number of eggs retrieved (OR: 0.928, 95% CI: 0.887-0.970, P = 0.001) were protective factors for clinical pregnancy in stimulated cycles. The increased number of eggs retrieved (OR: 0.875, 95% CI: 0.846-0.906, P < 0.001), the increased two-pronucleus rate (OR: 0.151, 95% CI: 0.052-0.437, P < 0.001), and increased EMT (OR: 0.876, 95% CI: 0.770-0.997, P = 0.045) in ET day were protective factors for the cumulative live birth outcome.Conclusion:After matching ages, no significant differences in clinical outcomes were found between the patients with URPL and the patients with TFI. A thicker endometrium and more retrieved oocytes increase the probability of pregnancy in fresh transfer cycles, but a better normal fertilization potential will increase the possibility of a live birth.

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简介：AbstractObjective:Collected human cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) are usually inseminated after 4 to 6 hours in in vitro fertilization (IVF) laboratories. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of short-term pre-IVF incubation in culture medium on subsequent oocyte maturation, fertilization, and embryonic development, as well as clinical outcomes.Methods:Sixty patients were divided randomly into 2 groups, pre-IVF incubation for 5 hours: 1) with (+) the designed oocyte maturation medium; 2) without (-) the designed oocyte maturation medium (transferred directly to fertilization medium for 5 hours before insemination). Oocyte maturation and fertilization were assessed, and the rate of cleavage and good quality embryos were evaluated between the 2 groups on days 2 and 3, respectively. Blastocyst development was based on the remaining number of embryos on day 3, continuously cultured to day 5 after embryo transfer or frozen on day 3, and was compared between the 2 groups. Clinical pregnancy, implantation, and miscarriage rates were also compared.Results:Oocyte maturation rates did not differ between groups (85.8 ± 14.1% vs. 90.7 ± 9.1%). However, the range of oocyte maturation rates (58.3%-100.0%) for each patient was significantly higher in the (-) group than in the (+) pre-incubation group (71.4%-100.0%). There were no differences in fertilization rates (89.9 ± 10.0% vs. 86.5 ± 12.2%) and good quality embryos (70.8 ± 19.1% vs. 62.1 ± 23.7%) between groups; however, the blastocyst development rates were significantly different between groups (73.1 ± 20.1% vs. 58.8 ± 18.2%, P <0.05). Nevertheless, clinical pregnancy (62.5% vs. 61.1%) and implantation (46.9% vs. 47.2%) rates did not differ between groups.Conclusions:These results indicate that a short pre-IVF incubation time in the designed culture medium promotes oocyte maturation and embryonic development, suggesting that short pre-IVF incubation of COCs in the designed culture medium may be important for subsequent final oocyte maturation and early embryonic development.

简介：AbstractObjective:To investigate the effects of endometrial stimulation timings and techniques on pregnancy outcomes in patients without prior embryo transfer (ET).Methods:We included a total of 10 studies related to the impact of endometrial stimulation on the pregnancy outcome of infertile patients with the first ET from 2010 to 2019. These studies were found by searching databases including China Science and Technology Journal Database (VIP), Chinese Biological Med (CBM), Chinese Medical Current Content (CMCC), China National Knowledge Internet (CNKI), WanFang Med Online, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, PubMed, Medline, ScienceDirect, and EMBASE. A total of 1,983 cycles were included, of which 725 were cycles with endometrial stimulation. Clinical outcomes included clinical pregnancy, implantation, abortion, multiple pregnancy, and live birth rate.Results:The implantation rate (IR) was higher in the fresh cycle endometrial stimulation group than in the control group (relative risk [RR] = 1.21, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.03-1.42; P = 0.02), but there were no significant between-group differences in the live birth rate (LBR) and abortion rate (AR). Subgroup analysis showed that whether follicular or luteal endometrial stimulation was performed before the ET cycle had no effect on the clinical pregnancy outcome, and endometrial stimulation on the day of oocyte retrieval reduced the clinical pregnancy rate (CPR) (RR = 0.37, 95% CI= 0.19-0.75; P = 0.005). Whether the technique involved the use of a curette or catheter, there was no significant between-group difference in CPR.Conclusions:Fresh cycle endometrial stimulation can improve the embryo IR in patients without prior ET, but it cannot increase CPR, LBR, or AR. Subgroup analysis showed that different endometrial stimulation timings and techniques did not significantly improve CPR and that endometrial stimulation on the day of oocyte retrieval reduced CPR.

简介：Theelectricacupuncture(EA)treatmentissuccessfulinrelievingfrozenhandsinapatientwhohadsufferredfromseverebraindamaged.EAiseffectiveinreducingspasmsandimprovingmotorfunction.

简介：Embryooflilacs(SyringaL)cultureinvitroandtherapidpropagationwerestudied.Theorthogonalexperiments,includingtheselectionofbasalmedium,embryoageandotherfactorssuchassugar,benzyladenine(BA),naphthaleneaceticacid(NAA)andglutamine(Gln),werecarriedout.TheresultsindicatedthattheoptimalmediumforembryoculturewasMonniermediumsupplementedwithNAA(0.001mg@L-1),BA(0.1mg@L-1),sugar(50g@L-1),andGln(400mg@L-1),withagerminationrateof91.7%atleast;theoptimalembryoagewas50d;andGlnhadsignificanteffectsonthegerminationrateofembryo.Moreover,theoptimalmediumforsubculturewasMS+BA(2mg@L-1)+NAA(0.001mg@L-1)+Gln(0.5mg@L-1),withthepropagationcoefficientof3.6atleast.

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简介：Polarizationoscillatingbeams,namely,polarizationstandingwaves,commonlyformedbyapaircounterpropagatinglightwaveswithwithinawavelengthinterval,offeringorthogonalpolarizations,oscillatetheirstatesofpolarizationconceptualandpracticalinterestsinlight-matterinteractionsofcoherentperiodicallysuchasthenonreciprocalmagnetoelectriceffect,andimpressiveapplicationsinopticalimaging,sensing,andchiralityde-tection.Here,weproposeanewclassofpolarizationoscillatingbeamsthatlongitudinallyvarystatesofpolari-zationwithspatialintervalswithincentimetersviathesuperpositionoftwocopropagatingopticalfrozenwaveswithpreshapedlongitudinalintensityprofilesandtransversephasestructures.Theflexibilityandmanipulabilityaredemonstratedbycreatingseveralpolarizationoscillatingbeamswithdifferentpolarizationstructures.Thisworkpavesanewwaytomanipulateotherwavesandmaybeusefulforapplicationsofopticalstandingwavesinopticalmanipulation,lightguidingofatoms,polarization-sensitivesensing,etc.

简介：OnceZaizai(ZhouYumin周渝民)andLiBingbing(李冰冰)werefilminginaparkinHongKong.Beforethecamera,ZaizaiandBingbingembraced(拥抱)eachother

简介：InthispaperweproposeamodificationoftheLandweberiterationtermedfrozenLandweberiterationfornonlinearill-posedproblems.Aconvergenceanalysisforthisiterationispresented.ThenumericalperformanceofthisfrozenLandweberiterationforanonlinearHammersteinintegralequationiscomparedwiththatoftheLandweberiteration.WeobtainashorterrunningtimeofthefrozenLandweberiterationbasedonthesameconvergenceaccuracy.

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简介：Thepresentstudywasconductedtoinvestigatethepotentialembryo-fetaltoxicityofArtesunate,anantimalarialdrug,inSprague-Dawleyrats.Thetestitemwasorallyadministeredbygavagetopregnantrats(22femalespergroup)fromgesta-tionalday(GD)6through15atdoselevelsof0,2,4and8mg/kg,AlldamsweresubjectedtocaesareansectiononGD20andtheirfetuseswereexaminedforexternal,visceral,andskeletalabnormalities.Therewerenotreatment-relatedclinicalsigns,bodyweightsandfoodconsumptioninanyofthetreatmentg...

简介：Asummerholidayisalwaysaperiodofboringrest-time,fullofhomework,studytasksandcomputergames.ButhowluckyIwas!Ihadachancetoexperienceaspecialdaywiththesea—anditwasmyfirsttimetoseethesea!

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简介：Grapheneanditsderivativeshaveattractedtremendousresearchinterestbecauseoftheiruniquecompositionandphysicochemicalproperties[1??3].However,thepotentialbiologicaltoxicityofGQDshasbecomeahealthriskbecauseoftheirinherentchemicalcompositionandnanoscaleproperties[4].Zebrafish(Daniorerio)isoneofthemostpromisinginvivomodelsystemsfortoxicitystudies[5].