简介:TBWA近日宣布,升任LincolnDame为nTBWA\AGENCY.CO创M意总监。之前两年中,他始终担任助理创意总监,建立了一支中国领先的互动网络创意团队。加入TBWA之前,他
简介:Background:Wildlifeandlivestockgrazingareimportantproductsofforestecosystems,butcanbecontroversial.HerbivorybyNorthAmericanelkanddomesticcattleisacontentiousmanagementissuethroughoutwesternNorthAmerica,oftendrivingmanagementproposalstodecreasecattleandelknumbersbasedonperceivedoverutilizationofforages.Suchobservationsareoftensitelevelratherthanlandscape,andmayconfuseecologicalsustainabilitywithdesiredconditions.Methods:Weusedlinetransectstodocumentvegetationcomposition,structure,andgrazingandbrowsingutilizationfor4keyhabitattypes:mountainmeadows,aspen,thinnedconifer,andburnedconiferonLincolnNationalForest,NewMexico,USA.Wedocumentedrelativehabitatuseofthesetypesbyelk,muledeer,andcattleandmodeledrelativeuseonresidualgrassbiomassofmountainmeadowsandbrowseutilizationofforestedtypes.Wedetermineddietsanddietqualityofelkandcattletoassessdegreeofcompetition.Results:Useofgrassesinmeadowswasbelowmanagementthresholds,andcombinedelk,cattle,anddeerrelativehabitatuseaccountedfor<14%ofthevarianceinresidualstubbleheightofPoapratensis,themostabundantgrass.Palatablebrowsewaslimitedinhabitattypes(<107stems·ha~(-1)),usewasgenerallyhigh,andelkpresencewascorrelatedwiththemajorityofbrowsing.Elkandcattledietsdidnotsignificantlyoverlap(Schoener'sindex0.54–0.57);elkfedprimarilyondeciduousshrubs(34%–55%ofannualdiets)andcattleongrass(72%–77%).Digestibilityandcrudeproteinlevelsofcattledietsandbodyconditionofelkindicatedhighqualitydietsforcattleandmarginal–goodqualitydietsforelk.Conclusions:Atobservedstockinglevelsanddensities,cattleandelkwerenotcompetingforforagebasedondietsimilarity,norwerekeyhabitattypesbeingusedbeyondsustainablelevels.LowbrowseavailabilityindicatesthatopportunityexiststoincreaseforageavailabilityonLincolnNationalForest,andthusmaintainorincreasepopu
简介:林肯大陆进中国了,这款定价不低的车型试图直接杀入这片神奇土地上打得最残酷的战场之中,会输得有多惨需要时间的检验,反正铁定无法和奥迪、宝马之流抗衡.至于能否打得过它的美国同胞,今天就让我们先在纸面上比划一番吧.