简介:Differentsystemshavebeenusedovertheyearstodeliverdrugparticlestothehumanskinforpharmaceuticaleffect.Researchhasbeendonetoimprovetheperformanceandflexibilityofthesesystems.Inrecentyearsauniquesystemcalledthetransdermaldrugdeliveryhasbeendeveloped.Transdermaldrugdeliveryopenedanewdoorinthefieldofdrugdeliveryasitismoreflexibleandoffersbetterperformancethantheconventionalsystems.Theprincipleofthissystemistoacceleratedrugparticleswithahighspeedgasflow.Amongdifferenttransdermaldrugdeliverysystemswewillconcentrateonthecontourshocktubesysteminthispaper.Acontouredshocktubeisconsistsofarupturechamber,ashocktubeandasupersonicnozzlesection.Thedrugparticlesareretainedbetweenasetofburstingdiaphragm.Whenthediaphragmisrupturedatacertainpressure,ahighspeedunsteadyflowisinitiatedthroughtheshocktubewhichacceleratestheparticles.Computationalfluiddynamicsisusedtosimulateandanalyzetheflowfield.TheDPM(discretephasemethod)isusedtomodeltheparticleflow.AsanunsteadyflowisinitiatedthoughtheshocktubethedragcorrelationproposedbyIgraetalisusedotherthanthestandarddragcorrelation.Theparticlevelocitiesatdifferentsectionsincludingthenozzleexitareinvestigatedunderdifferentoperatingconditions.Staticpressurehistoriesindifferentsectionsintheshocktubeareinvestigatedtoanalyzetheflowfield.Theimportantaspectsofthegasandparticledynamicsintheshocktubearediscussedandanalyzedindetails.