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简介：Thispaperdescribesthesurvivalexperiencefrom15selectedsitesofcancersaccordingtodatafromapopulation--basedcancerregistryduringtheperiodof1982--1991forevaluationofcancersurvivalaswellasdifferentcancercontrolmeasures.MATERIALSANDMETHODSDataCollectionCanc...

简介：AbstractBackground:Disease activity indices (DAIs) including disease activity score 28 (DAS28), simplified disease activity index (SDAI), and clinical disease activity index (CDAI) have been widely used in clinical practice and research studies of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The objective of our study was to evaluate the correlation and concordance among different DAIs in Chinese patients with RA.Methods:A cross-sectional study, including patients enrolled in the Chinese registry of rheumatoid arthritis from November 2016 to August 2018, was conducted. The correlations were evaluated using Spearman correlation coefficient and concordance with Bland-Altman plots, quadratic weighted kappa, and discordance rates in the crosstab. For other indices, the optimal cutoff points corresponding to SDAI remission were explored through receiver operating characteristic curve analysis.Results:A total of 30,501 patients were included, of whom 80.46% were women. Most individuals were with moderate disease activity or high disease activity. High correlations among DAS28-erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and DAS28-C-reactive protein (CRP), SDAI and CDAI were observed. Similarly, the weighted kappa value among the indices was high. In Bland-Altman plots, a positive difference between DAS28-ESR and DAS28-CRP was observed, with an absolute difference of >1.2 in 3079 (10.09%) patients. In crosstab, approximately 30% of the patients were classified into different groups. Concordance values between SDAI remission and the optimal cutoff points of DAS28-ESR, DAS28-CRP, and CDAI were 3.06, 2.37, and 3.20, respectively.Conclusions:Although DAIs had high correlations and weighted kappa values, the discordance between DAIs was significant in Chinese patients with RA. The four DAIs are not interchangeable.

简介：AbstractPurpose:Injuries are one of the leading causes of death and lead to a high social and financial burden. Injury patterns can vary significantly among different age groups and body regions. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between mechanism of injury, patient comorbidities and severity of injuries. Methods: The study included trauma patients from July 2016 to June 2018, who were admitted to Sina Hospital, Tehran, Iran. The inclusion criteria were all injured patients who had at least one of the following: hospital length of stay more than 24 h, death in hospital, and transfer from the intensive care unit of another hospital. Data collection was performed using the National Trauma Registry of Iran minimum dataset.Results:The most common injury mechanism was road traffic injuries (49.0%), followed by falls (25.5%). The mean age of those who fell was significantly higher in comparison with other mechanisms (p < 0.001). Severe extremity injuries occurred more often in the fall group than in the vehicle collision group (69.0% vs. 43.5%, p < 0.001). Moreover, cases of severe multiple trauma were higher amongst vehicle collisions than injuries caused by falls (27.8% vs. 12.9%, p = 0.003).Conclusion:Comparing falls with motor vehicle collisions, patients who fell were older and sustained more extremity injuries. Patients injured by motor vehicle collision were more likely to have sustained multiple trauma than those presenting with falls. Recognition of the relationship between mechanisms and consequences of injuries may lead to more effective interventions.

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简介：AbstractBackground:The past decade has witnessed an ever-increasing momentum of transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) and a subsequent paradigm shift in the contemporary management of severe aortic stenosis (AS). We conducted a multi-centric TAVR registry based on Chinese patients (the China Aortic valve tRanscatheter Replacement registrY [CARRY]) to delineate the clinical characteristics and outcomes of Chinese patients who underwent TAVR and compare the results between different valve types in different Chinese regions.Methods:CARRY is an all-comer registry of aortic valve disease patients undergoing TAVR across China and was designed as an observational study that retrospectively included all TAVR patients at each participating site. Seven hospitals in China participated in the CARRY, and 1204 patients from April 2012 to November 2020 were included. Categorical variables were compared using the chi-squared test, and continuous variables were analyzed using a t test or analysis of variance (ANOVA) test. The Kaplan-Meier curve was used to estimate the risk of adverse events during follow-up.Results:The mean age of the patients was 73.8 ± 6.5 years and 57.2% were male. The median Society of Thoracic Surgeon-Predicted Risk of Mortality score was 6.0 (3.7-8.9). Regarding the aortic valve, the proportion of bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) was 48.5%. During the hospital stay, the stroke rate was 0.7%, and the incidence of high-degree atrioventricular block indicating permanent pacemaker implantation was 11.0%. The in-hospital all-cause mortality rate was 2.2%. After 1 year, the overall mortality rate was 4.5%. Compared to patients with tricuspid aortic valve (TAV), those with BAV had similar in-hospital complication rates, but a lower incidence of in-hospital mortality (1.4% vs. 3.3%) and 1 year mortality (2.3% vs. 5.8%).Conclusions:TAVR candidates in China were younger, higher proportion of BAV, and had lower rates of post-procedural complications and mortality than other international all-comer registries. Given the use of early generation valves in the majority of the population, patients with BAV had similar rates of complications, but lower mortality than those with TAV. These findings further propel the extension of TAVR in low-risk patients.Trial Registration:https://www.chictr.org.cn/(No. ChiCTR2000038526).

简介：AbstractBackground:Post hoc analysis of the landmark atrial fibrillation follow-up investigation of rhythm management trial revealed that amiodarone was associated with higher risks of mortality, intensive care unit admission, and non-cardiovascular death. We aim to evaluate the association between amiodarone use and patient survival under updated medical mode and level using data from the China Atrial Fibrillation (China-AF) Registry study.Methods:Clinical data of 8161 non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) patients who were antiarrhythmic drug (AAD)-naive before enrollment into the China-AF Registry, recruited between August 2011 and February 2017, were collected. The primary outcome was all-cause mortality. A Cox proportional hazard regression model was used to evaluate the association between amiodarone use and the outcome. We also calculated the rate of sinus rhythm maintenance at the penultimate follow-up.Results:Compared with 6167 patients of non-AAD group, 689 patients of the amiodarone group were younger (mean age 65.6 vs. 68.6 years), more frequently completed high school education, had fewer comorbidities such as chronic heart failure, prior bleeding, and stroke, and were more likely to be treated in tertiary hospitals while less hospitalization. The proportion of persistent AF was much lower among users of amiodarone, who were also less likely to be taking oral anticoagulants. The patients in the amiodarone group had a statistically insignificant lower incidence of all-cause mortality (2.44 vs. 3.91 per 100 person-years) over a mean follow-up duration of 300.6 ± 77.5 days. After adjusting for potential confounders, amiodarone use was not significantly associated with a lower risk of all-cause mortality (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.79; 95% confidence interval, 0.42-1.49). Sub-group analysis revealed the consistent results. The rate of sinus rhythm maintenance at the penultimate follow-up in the amiodarone group was significantly higher than in the non-AAD group.Conclusions:Our study indicated that amiodarone use was not significantly associated with a lower risk of 1-year all-cause mortality compared with a non-AAD strategy in "real-world" patients with NVAF.

简介：AbstractBackground:Acute type A aortic dissection (ATAAD) and acute type A intramural hematoma (ATAIMH) are life-threatening diseases with high mortality. To better understand their clinical features in the Chinese population, we analyzed the data from the first Registry of Aortic Dissection in China (Sino-RAD) to promote the understanding and management of the diseases.Methods:All patients with ATAAD and ATAIMH enrolled in Sino-RAD from January 1, 2012 to December 31, 2016 were involved. The data of patients’ selection, history, symptoms, management, outcomes, and postoperation complications were analyzed in the study. The continuous variables were compared using the Student’s t test for normal distributions and the Mann-Whitney U test for non-normal distributions. Categorical variables were compared using the Chi-square test or Fisher exact test.Results:A total of 1582 patients with ATAAD and 130 patients with ATAIMH were included. The mean age of all patients was 48.4 years. Patients with ATAAD were significantly younger than patients with ATAIMH (48.9 years vs. 55.6 years, P < 0.001). For the total cohort, males were dominant, but the male ratio of patients with ATAAD was significantly higher compared to those with ATAIMH (P = 0.01). The time range from the onset of symptom to hospitalization was 2.0 days. More patients of ATAIMH had hypertension than that of ATAAD (82.3% vs. 67.6%, P < 0.05). Chest and back pain were the most common clinical symptoms. Computerized tomography (CT) was the most common initial diagnostic imaging modality. 84.7% received surgical treatment and in-hospital mortality was 5.3%. Patients with ATAAD mainly received surgical treatment (89.6%), while most patients with ATAIMH received medical treatment (39.2%) or endovascular repair (35.4%).Conclusions:Our study suggests that doctors should comprehensively use clinical examination and genetic background screening for patients with ATAAD and ATAIMH and further shorten the time range from symptoms onset to intervention, achieving early diagnosis and treatment, thereby reducing the mortality rate of patients with aortic dissection in China. We should standardize the procedures of aortic dissection treatment and improve people’s understanding. Meanwhile, the curing and transferring efficiency should also be improved.

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简介：这研究试图在朝鲜在cryptorchidism和hypospadias的全国性的发生代表最近的趋势，并且决定是否有在发生的空间异质的证据。发生在一张人口在实时出生以后在开始的4年期间作为最新诊断的病人(男性)的数字被计算，全国地并且地区性(一个非工业化的区域(Chuncheon)和石油化学的房地产(Yeocheon和Ulsan))，在2000和2005之间。为新病人的数据(分子)从国家健康保险评论机构被获得，并且为居民登记人口的数据(分母)从国家统计办公室。在2000和2005之间，cryptorchidism和hypospadias的国家发生每10 从5.01～17.43有一个增加的趋势；000个人并且从1.40～3.28每10 ；000个人分别地。cryptorchidism的发生在Yeocheon是显著地更高的(在整个学习时期)并且在Ulsan(2001，2002，2004和2005)比国家发生，而在Chuncheon的发生在2001和2002是显著地更低的。因为盒子的小数字，每年并且地区性比较hypospadias的率是困难的。在结论，cryptorchidism的发生最近在朝鲜增加了。石油化学的房地产，Yeocheon和Ulsan，比国家发生有cyptorchidism的显著地更高的发生，它建议进一步的学习被需要在异例的发生获得趋势的一个更精确的评价并且证实在petrochemicals和异例之间的协会。

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简介：AbstractBackground:Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the commonest cause of heart failure (HF), whereas pulmonary hypertension (PH) has not been established or reported in this patient population. Therefore, we assessed the prevalence, risk factors, and survival in CAD-associated HF (CAD-HF) complicated with PH.Methods:Symptomatic CAD-HF patients were continuously enrolled in this prospective, multicenter registry study. Echocardiography, coronary arteriography, left and right heart catheterization (RHC), and other baseline clinical data were recorded. Patients were followed up and their survival was recorded.Results:One hundred and eighty-two CAD-HF patients were enrolled, including 142 with HF with a preserved ejection fraction (heart failure with preserved ejection fraction [HFpEF]; left ventricular ejection fraction [LVEF] ≥50%) and 40 with a reduced ejection fraction (heart failure with reduced ejection fraction [HFrEF]; LVEF < 50%). PH was diagnosed with RHC in 77.5% of patients. Patients with PH showed worse hemodynamic parameters and higher mortality. HFrEF-PH patients had worse survival than HFpEF-PH patients. CAD-HF patients with an enlarged left ventricular end-diastolic diameter and reduced hemoglobin were at higher risk of PH. Nitrate treatment reduced the risk of PH. Elevated creatinine and mean pulmonary arterial pressure (mPAP), diastolic pressure gradient (DPG) ≥7 mmHg, and previous myocardial infarction (MI) entailed a higher risk of mortality in CAD-HF patients with PH.Conclusions:PH is common in CAD-HF and worsens the hemodynamics and survival in these patients. Left ventricle enlargement and anemia increase the risk of PH in CAD-HF. Patients may benefit from nitrate medications. Renal impairment, elevated mPAP, DPG ≥7 mmHg, and previous MI are strong predictors of mortality in CAD-HF-PH patients.Trial Registration:ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02164526.

简介：BackgroundCreatinekinase-MB(CK-MB)elevationafterpercutaneouscoronaryintervention(PCI)hasbeenassociatedwithincreasedriskformortality.Althoughmoststudieshavedefinedperiproceduralmyocardialinfarction(pMI)asanelevationinCK-MB>3×upperlimitofnormal(ULN),useofdifferentCK-MBassaysandvariationinsite-specificdefinitionsoftheULNmaylimitthevalueofsuchrelativethresholds.MethodsandResultsWeuseddatafromthemulticenterEvaluationofDrug-ElutingStentsandIschemicEvents(EVENT)registrytoexaminetheimpactofvariationsinsite-specificthresholdsforCK-MBelevationontheincidenceofpMIaswellastherelationshipbetweenabsolutepeaklevelsofCK-MBafterPCIand1-yearmortality.Thestudycohortconsistedof6347patientswhounderwentnonemergentPCIandhadnormalCK-MBatbaseline.Acrossthe59studycenters,theULNforCK-MBrangedfrom2.6to10.4ng/mL(median,5.0ng/mL),andtherewasaninverserelationshipbetweenthesite-specificULNandtheincidenceofpMI(definedasCK-MBelevation>3×ULN).AlthoughanypostprocedureelevationofCK-MBwasassociatedwithanadverseprognosis,incategoricalanalyses,onlyCK-MB≥50ng/mLwasindependentlyassociatedwithincreased1-yearmortality(hazardratio,4.71;95%confidenceinterval,2.42to9.13;P<0.001).SplineanalysisusingpeakCK-MBasacontinuousvariablesuggestedagraded,nonlinearrelationshipwith1-yearmortality,withaninflectionpointat≈30ng/mL.ConclusionsAmongunselectedpatientsundergoingPCI,thereisagradedrelationshipbetweenCK-MBelevationafterPCIand1-yearmortalitythatisparticularlystrongforlargeCK-MBelevations(>30to50ng/mL).FuturestudiesthatincludepMIasaclinicalendpointshouldconsiderusingacorelaboratorytoassessCK-MB(toensureconsistency)andraisingthethresholdfordefiningpMIabovecurrentlevels(toenhanceclinicalrelevance).

简介：AbstractPurpose:There is a common opinion that spinal fractures usually reflect the substantial impact of injuries and therefore may be used as a marker of significant associated injuries, specifically for intra-abdominal injury (IAI). The impact of concomitant spinal cord injury (SCI) with the risk of associated IAI has not been well clarified. The aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence and severity of IAIs in patients suffering from spinal fractures with or without SCI.Methods:A retrospective cohort study using the Israeli National Trauma Registry was conducted. Patients with thoracic, lumbar and thoracolumbar fractures resulting from blunt mechanisms of injury from January 1, 1997 to December 31, 2018 were examined, comparing the incidence, severity and mortality of IAIs in patients with or without SCI. The collected variables included age, gender, mechanism of injury, incidence and severity of the concomitant IAIs and pelvic fractures, abbreviated injury scale, injury severity score, and mortality. Statistical analysis was performed using GraphPad InStat ® Version 3.10, with Chi-square test for independence and two sided Fisher’s exact probability test.Results:Review of the Israeli National Trauma Database revealed a total of 16,878 patients with spinal fractures. Combined thoracic and lumbar fractures were observed in 1272 patients (7.5%), isolated thoracic fractures in 4967 patients (29.4%) and isolated lumbar fractures in 10,639 patients (63.0%). The incidence of concomitant SCI was found in 4.95% (63/1272), 7.65% (380/4967) and 2.50% (266/10639) of these patients, respectively. The overall mortality was 2.5%, proving higher among isolated thoracic fracture patient than among isolated lumbar fracture counterparts (11.3% vs. 4.6%, p < 0.001). Isolated thoracic fractures with SCI were significantly more likely to die than non-SCI counterparts (8.2% vs. 3.1%, p < 0.001). There were no differences in the incidence of IAIs between patients with or without SCI following thoracolumbar fractures overall or in isolated thoracic fractures; although isolated lumbar fractures patients with SCI were more likely to have renal (3.4% vs. 1.6%, p = 0.02) or bowel injuries (2.3% vs. 1.0%, p = 0.04) than the non-SCI counterparts.Conclusion:SCI in the setting of thoracolumbar fracture does not appear to be a marker for associated IAI. However, in a subset of isolated lumbar fractures, SCI patient is associated with increased risks for renal and bowel injury.

简介：BackgroundPriorrandomizedtrialshaveshownreducedbleedingwithbivalirudincomparedwithunfractionatedheparin(UFH)inpatientsundergoingpercutaneouscoronaryintervention(PCI).However,itisnotknownifthisbenefitisalsopresentwhenUFHdosesaremoretightlycontrolled(asmeasuredbyactivatedclot-tingtime,ACT).MethodsandResultsPatientsenrolledintheEVENT(EvaluationofDrug-ElutingStentsandIschemicEvents)registry,weredividedinto3groups,basedontheantithromboticdrugusedduringPCI(UFHmonotherapy,UFH+glycoproteinIIb-IIIareceptorinhibitor[GPI],orbivalirudinalone).Propensityscorematchingwasusedtoadjustformeasuredcovariates(89variables)andtocomparebivalirudinversusUFHmonotherapyandbivalirudinversusUFH+GPIgroups.TheUFHgroupswerestratifiedbasedonACTachieved(optimalACTdefinedas250-300forUFHmonotherapyand200-250whenGPIwasalsoused).Theprimarybleedingoutcomewasin-hospitalcompositebleeding,definedaseventsofaccesssitebleeding,ThrombolysisInMyocardialInfarctionmajor/minorbleeding,ortransfusion.Primary(in-hospitaldeath/myocardialinfarction)andsecondaryischemicoutcomes(death/MI/unplannedrepeatrevascularizationat12months)werealsoevaluated.Propensityscorematchingyielded3022patientsfortheUFHmonotherapyversusbivalirudincomparisonand3520patientsfortheUFH+GPIversusbivalirudincomparison.BivalirudinusewasassociatedwithnumericallylowerbleedingratesatallcategoriesofachievedACTwhencomparedwithUFH(low,optimal,highACT:2.5%versus4.7%,1.9%versus6.0%,3.1%versus4.8%,respectively)orheparin+GPIgroups(low,optimal,highACT:0.0%versus2.7%,2.7%versus5.2%,2.4%versus6.1%,respectively)andwasnotassociatedwithanystatisticallysignificantincreaseineitherprimaryorsecondaryischemicoutcomes.ConclusionsAmongunselectedpatientsundergoingPCI,bivalirudinuseduringPCIwasassociatedwithalowerriskofbleedingatall