简介：objectivesTodemonstratethephenomenaandexplorethecausesofanemiainpatientswithchronicheartfailure(CHF).MethodsToobservethephenomenaofanemiainpatientswithCHF,atotalof276patientswithCHFwereincludedinthisretrospectivestudy.Theclinicalcharacteristicsofthepatientsare;meanage69.2±11.0years;male151,female125;NYHAⅢandⅣ115(41.7%).Results①Amongthe276patientswithCHF,81(29.4%)hadanemia(Meanhemoglobulinconcentration101.5±13.0g/L).②PatientswithAnemiaweremorelikelytobefemaleandtohavegreaterNYHA(ⅢorⅣ)(P<0.05),higherserumcreatinine,aswellaslowerserumalbuminandlow-densitylipoproteinlevels(P<0.01).③AweaknegativecorrelationwasalsonotedbetweenthelevelofNYHAandhemoglobulin.④Therewasnosignificantdifferenceinage,theprimarycardiacetiologyoftheCHF,thehistoryofdiabetes,leftventricularenddiastolicdiameter,andleftventricularejectionfractionbetweenCHFpatientwithandwithoutanemia.ConclusionsTheprevalenceofanemiaishighamongpatientswithCHF.TheanemiapatientswithCHFtendtobefemale,havegreatercardiacandrenalfunctionalimpairment,butwithlowerserumalbuminandLDLthatsuggestssomedegreeofmalnutrition.

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简介：IncreasedexpressionofFasbyhematopoieticprogenitorsinaplasticanemia(AA)suggeststhatFas/Fasligand(FasL)systemplaysakeyroleintheformationofseverepancytopenia.Tofurtherconfirmtheabovehypothesis,Tcellsfrom8patientswithAAweresystematicallystudiedfortheirFasL'sdistributionpattern,releasingmannerandproapoptoticactivity,comparedwithnormalrestingTcellsandartificiallyactivatedTcellblasts.TheresultsdemonstratedthatAATcellsabnormallyexpressedlowlevelsofmembrane-boundFasLandcontainedhighlevelsofintracellularFasLwhichcouldbetriggeredtoreleasebyhigh-dosephytohemagglutinin(PHA)pulse-stimulation.ThesupernatantsfromthePHA-stimulatedAATcellshadapparentcytotoxicityagainstFasL-sensitiveJurkatcells,whichcouldbesignificantlyinhibitedbymonoclonalantibodyagainstFasLinadose-dependentmanner,ornearlycompletelyabrogatedbyultracentrifugation.TheabovephenomenaalsoappearedonartificiallyactivatedTcellblasts,butthiswasnotthecaseonnormalrestingTcells.TheseresultsindicatethatAATcellisatypeof'preactivated'Tlymphocyte,characterizedbyoverexpressionofFasL,especiallyintracellularFasLwhichcanbestimulatedtoreleaseinbioavtiveexosomesboundform.Takentogether,ourdataprovidefurtheranddirectevidenceforthehypothesisthatTcellsmightmediatethedestructionofhematopieticprogenitorinAAthroughFas/FasLsystem.

简介：AbstractBackground:Several recent genome-wide association studies suggested insomnia and anemia may share some common genetic components. We thus examined whether adults with anemia had higher odds of having insomnia relative to those without anemia in a cross-sectional study and a meta-analysis.Methods:Included in this cross-sectional study were 12,614 Chinese adults who participated in an ongoing cohort, the Kailuan Study. Anemia was defined as hemoglobin levels below 12.0 g/dL in women and 13.0 g/dL in men. Insomnia was assessed using the Chinese version of the Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS). A total AIS score ≥6 was considered insomnia. The association between anemia and insomnia was assessed using a logistic regression model, adjusting for potential confounders such as age, sex, chronic disease status, and plasma C-reactive protein concentrations. A meta-analysis was conducted using the fixed effects model to pool results from our study and three previously published cross-sectional studies on this topic in adult populations.Results:Individuals with anemia had greater odds of having insomnia (adjusted odds ratio [OR]: 1.32; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.03-1.70) compared with individuals without anemia. A significant association persisted after we excluded individuals with chronic inflammation, as suggested by C-reactive protein levels >1 mg/L (adjusted OR: 1.68; 95% CI: 1.22-2.32). The meta-analysis results, including 22,134 participants, also identified a positive association between anemia and insomnia (pooled OR: 1.39; 95% CI: 1.22-1.57).Conclusions:The presence of anemia was significantly associated with a higher likelihood of having insomnia in adults. Due to the nature of the cross-sectional study design, results should be interpreted with caution.

简介：AbstractTwin anemia polycythemia sequence (TAPS) is a chronic form of unbalanced feto-fetal transfusion through minuscule placental anastomoses in monochorionic twin pregnancies, leading to anemia in the donor twin and polycythemia in the recipient twin. TAPS can occur spontaneously in up to 5% of monochorionic twins or can arise in 2%-16% of cases after incomplete laser surgery for twin-twin transfusion syndrome. TAPS can develop across the entire second and third trimester. Antenatal diagnosis for TAPS is reached via Doppler measurement of the fetal middle cerebral artery peak systolic velocity, showing an increased velocity in the donor, combined with a decreased velocity in the recipient. Treatment options for TAPS include expectant management, preterm delivery, intrauterine blood transfusion with or without a partial exchange transfusion, fetoscopic laser surgery and selective feticide. The best treatment option is unclear and is currently being investigated in an international multicenter randomized trial (the TAPS trial). Spontaneous fetal demise occurs in 5%-11% of TAPS twins, more often in donors (8%-18%) than in recipients (2%-5%). Severe long-term neurodevelopmental impairment is seen in 9% of TAPS twins, with donors having an increased risk for cognitive impairment and hearing problems (15%).

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简介：AbstractIntroduction:Celiac disease typically presents with symptoms of malabsorption, but extraintestinal manifestations are increasingly reported. Aplastic anemia as the mode of celiac disease presentation is extremely rare in children.Case presentation:We report a 2-year-old boy who presented with loose stools, loss of appetite, and bicytopenia with severe aregenerative normocytic anemia. Investigations, including bone marrow aspirate and biopsy, revealed aplastic anemia. Screening for malabsorption showed increased plasma concentrations of anti-transglutaminase and anti-gliadin antibodies. A duodenal biopsy confirmed the histologic features of celiac disease. The child received a packed red cell transfusion and was started on a gluten-free diet, with a very good prognosis and normalization of both his blood and histological parameters. To the best of our knowledge, our report is the sixth pediatric case in the literature.Conclusion:Screening for celiac disease should be performed in children with unexplained hematological abnormalities such as aplastic anemia with or without gastrointestinal symptoms.

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简介：AbstractBackground:This study was to explore the clinical efficacy and safety of darbepoetin alfa injection replacing epoetin alfa injection (recombinant human erythropoietin injection, rHuEPO) for the treatment of anemia associated with chronic kidney failure in Chinese patients undergoing hemodialysis.Method:This study was a multicenter, randomized, open-label, intergroup parallel control phase III noninferiority trial from April 19, 2013 to September 9, 2014 at 25 sites. In this study, the members of the darbepoetin alfa group underwent intravenous administration once per week or once every two weeks. The members of the control drug epoetin alfa group underwent intravenous administration two or three times per week. All subjects underwent epoetin alfa administration during the 8-week baseline period. After that, subjects were randomly assigned to the darbepoetin alfa group or epoetin alfa group. The noninferiority in the changes of the average Hb concentrations from the baseline to the end of the evaluation period (noninferiority threshold: -1.0 g/dl) was tested between the two treatments. The time-dependent hemoglobin (Hb) concentration and the maintenance rate of the target Hb concentration (the proportion of subjects with Hb concentrations between 10.0 and 12.0 g/dl) were also evaluated. Iron metabolism, including changes in the serum iron, total iron-binding capacity, ferritin, transferrin saturation, and comparisons of the dose adjustments between the two groups during the treatment period were analyzed further. Adverse events (AEs) were also observed and compared, and the safety was analyzed between the two treatment groups. The conversion rate switching from epoetin alfa to darbepoetin alfa was also discussed. SAS® software version 9.2 was used to perform all statistical analyses. Descriptive statistics were used for all efficacy, safety, and demographic variable analyses, including for the primary efficacy indicators.Results:Four hundred and sixty-six patients were enrolled in this study, and ultimately 384 cases were analyzed for safety, including 267 cases in the darbepoetin alfa group and 117 cases in the epoetin alfa group. There were 211 cases in the per-protocol set, including 152 cases in the darbepoetin alfa group and 59 cases in the epoetin alfa group. The changes in the average Hb concentrations from the baseline to the end of the evaluation period were -0.07 and -0.15 g/dl in the darbepoetin alfa group and epoetin alfa group respectively. The difference between the two groups was 0.08 g/dl (95% confidence interval [CI]: -0.22 to 0.39), and the lower limit of the 95% CI was -0.22 > -1.0 g/dl. The average Hb concentrations of the two groups were 10.88-11.43 g/dl (darbepoetin alfa) and 10.91-11.38 g/dl (epoetin alfa) during the study period of Weeks 0-28, with the maintenance rates of the target Hb concentration ranging within 71%-87% and 78%-95% in the darbepoetin alfa group and epoetin alfa group respectively. During the period of comparison between the two groups, the incidence of AEs in the darbepoetin alfa group was 61.42%, while in the epoetin alfa group it was 56.41%. All of the adverse events and reactions in the study were those commonly associated with hemodialysis.Conclusion:The overall efficacy and safety of darbepoetin alfa for the treatment of Chinese renal anemia patients undergoing hemodialysis are consistent with those of epoetin alfa.

简介：AbstractBackground:Erythropoietin is a glycoprotein that mainly regulates erythropoiesis. In patients with chronic renal failure with anemia, darbepoetin alfa can stimulate erythropoiesis, correct anemia, and maintain hemoglobin levels. This study was designed to demonstrate the efficacy and safety of darbepoetin alfa injections as being not inferior to epoetin alfa injections (Recombinant Human Erythropoietin injection, rHuEPO) when maintaining hemoglobin (Hb) levels within the target range (10.0-12.0 g/dL) for the treatment of renal anemia.Methods:Ninety-five patients were enrolled in this study from April 15, 2013 to April 10, 2014 at 25 sites. In this study, patients (n = 95) aged 18-70 years were randomized into a once per week intravenous darbepoetin alfa group (n = 56) and a twice or three times per week intravenous epoetin alfa group (n = 39) for 28 weeks, who had anemia with hemoglobin levels between 6 g/dL and 10 g/dL due to chronic kidney disease (CKD) and were undergoing hemodialysis or hemofiltration with ESA-naive (erythropoiesis stimulating agent-naive). The primary efficacy profile was the mean Hb level (the non-inferiority margin was -1.0 g/dL, week 21-28); the secondary efficacy profiles were the Hb increase rate (week 0-4), the target Hb achievement cumulative rate and time, the change trends of the Hb levels, and the target Hb maintenance ratio. Adverse events (AEs) were observed and compared, and the efficacy and safety were analyzed between the two treatment groups. Additionally, the frequencies of dose adjustments between the darbepoetin alfa and epoetin alfa groups were compared during the treatment period. SAS® software version 9.2 was used to perform all statistical analyses. Descriptive statistics were used for all efficacy, safety, and demographic variable analyses, including for the primary efficacy indicators.Results:The mean Hb level was 11.3 g/dL in the darbepoetin alfa group and 10.7 g/dL in the epoetin alfa group, respectively; the difference of the lower limits of the 95% confidence intervals (CI) between the two groups was 0.1 g/dL (>-1.0 g/dL), and non-inferiority was proven; the Hb levels started to increase in the first four weeks at a similar increase rate; no obvious differences were observed between the groups in the target Hb achievement cumulative rates, and the Hb levels as well as the target Hb level maintenance rate changed over time. The incidence of AEs was 62.5% in the darbepoetin alfa group and 76.9% in the epoetin alfa group. All the adverse events observed in the study were those commonly associated with hemodialysis.Conclusion:Darbepoetin alfa intravenously once per week can effectively increase Hb levels and maintain the target Hb levels well, which makes it not inferior to epoetin alfa intravenously twice or three times per week. Darbepoetin alfa shows an efficacy and safety comparable to epoetin alfa for the treatment of renal anemia.