简介：Asthekeypointinsexhormoneanalysis,samplepre-treatmenttechnologyhasattractedscientists’attentionallovertheworld,andthedevelopmenttrendofsamplepreparationforwardedtofasterandmoreefficienttechnologies.Takingeconomicandenvironmentalconcernsintoaccount,subcriticalfluidextractionasafasterandmoreefficientmethodhasstoodoutasasamplepre-treatmenttechnology.Thisnewextractiontechnologycanovercometheshortcomingsofsupercriticalfluidandachievehigherextractionefficiencyatrelativelylowpressuresandtemperatures.Inthisexperiment,asimple,sensitiveandefficientmethodhasbeendevelopedforthedeterminationofdiethylstilbestrol（DES）infishtissueusingsubcritical1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane（R134a）extractionincombinationwithgaschromatography-massspectrometry（GC-MS）.Afterextraction,freezing-lipidfiltrationwasutilizedtoremovefattyco-extract.FurtherpurificationstepswereperformedwithC18andNH2solidphaseextraction（SPE）.Finally,theanalytewasderivedbyheptafluorobutyricanhydride（HFBA）,followedbyGC-MSanalysis.Responsesurfacemethodology（RSM）wasemployedtooptimizingtheextractioncondition,andtheoptimizedwasasfollows:extractionpressure,4.3MPa;extractiontemperature,26℃;amountofco-solventvolume,4.7mL.Underthiscondition,ataspikedlevelof1,5,10μgkg-1,themeanrecoveryofDESwasmorethan90%withrelativestandarddeviations（RSDs）lessthan10%.Finally,thedevelopedmethodhasbeensuccessfullyusedtoanalyzingtherealsamples.

简介：Fishmaw(thedriedswimbladdersoffish)isrankedinthelistofthefourseatreasuresinChinesecuisine.Fishmawismainlyproducedfromcroaker,whichisthemosthighlypriced.However,someofthefishmawbeingsoldascroakermawareinfactnotfromcroaker,butfromtheNileperchLatesniloticus.Thepresentworkdeterminedandcomparedtheproximatecomposition,aminoacidandfattyacidcompositionofcroakerProtonibeadiacanthusmawandperchL.niloticusmaw.Theresultsindicatedthatbothmawswerehighproteinsourcesandlowinfatcontent.Thedominantaminoacidsinbothmawswereglycine,proline,glutamicacid,alanineandarginine.Theseaminoacidsconstituted66.2%and66.4%ofthetotalaminoacidsinP.diacanthusandL.niloticus,respectively.TheratioofFAA:TAA(functionalaminoacids:totalaminoacids)inbothmawswere0.69.ThisisagoodexplanationforwhyfishmawshavebeenwidelyutilizedasatraditionaltonicandremedyinAsia.Exceptvalineandhistidine,alltheessentialaminoacidcontentsinP.diacanthuswerehigherthaninL.niloticus.Moreover,croakerP.diacanthusmawcontainedmoreAAandDHAthanperchL.niloticusmaw,showingahigherratioofn-3/n-6,whichismoredesirable.

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简介：目的通过分析荧光原位杂交技术（FISH）检测的低级别尿路上皮癌（uc）的尿液标本结果以及相关临床资料，探讨FISH技术对低级别UC复发、进展风险进行亚分层的可能。方法从2009年1月到2015年1月间，收集桂林医学院附属医院及中山大学附属第三医院确诊为UC的患者107例，应用FISH技术检测患者尿液标本中的3、7、17、9p16号染色体，随访至2016年1月，平均47个月（6～80个月），结合临床资料，通过x^2检验分析染色体突变与低级别尿路上皮癌术后复发、进展的相关性。结果尿液中FISH检查出现CSP7／CSP17阳性并CSP3／GLPp16阳性者20例，CSP3／GLPp16阴性者28例，其中前者10例复发，8例进展；后者13例复发，10例进展；CSP7／CSP17阴性并CSP3／GLPp16阳性者36例，CSP3／GLPp16阴性者23例，其中前者8例复发，4例进展；后者5例复发，1例进展。通过x^2检验对CSP7／CSP17阳性者与CSP7／CSP17阴性者比较分析，CSP7／CSP17阳性和CSP3／GLPp16阳性比较分析，前者更易复发和进展（P〈O．05）；CSP3／GLPp16阳性与CSP3／GLPp16阴性者、FISH全阴性者比较，CSP7／CSP17阳性中CSP3／GLPp16阳性者和CSP3／GLPp16阴性者比较，复发、进展皆无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论本研究证实FISH检查出尿液标本中的3、7、17、9p16染色体变异能协助低级别UC的风险分层，CSP7／CSP17阳性者易复发、进展，如果同时CSP3／GLPp16阳性则复发较早，CSP7／CSP17阴性者术后不易复发、进展。