简介：Electricalcapacitancetomography(ECT)wasappliedinmeasuringxolidsdistributioninsquarecirculatingfluidizedbeda.Thefluidizationconditionsvariedfrombubblingfluidizedbedtocirculatingfluidizedbed.Inthewholerangeoffluidizationconditions,ECTwasabletoinstantaneouslyprovidethesolidsconcentrationandvoidsdistributionsinthefluidizedbeds.AccordingtotheacquireddatafromECTandreconstructedimage,differentfluidizationregimescanalsobeidentified.

简介：Amathematicalmodelforatmosphericstagedcirculatingfluidizedbedcombustion,whichtakesfluiddynamics,combustion,heattransfer,pollutantsformationandretention,intoaccountwasdevelopedintheinstituteofEngineeringThermophysics(IET)recently.Themodelofgassolidflowatthebottomofthecombustorwastreatedbythetwo-phasetheoryoffluidizedbedandintheupperregionasacore-annulusflowstructure.ThechemicalspeciesCO,CO2,H2,H2O,CH4,O2andN2wereconsideredinthereactionprocess.Themathematicalmodelconsistedofsub-modelesoffluidnamics,coalheterogeneousandgashomogeneouschemicalreactions.heattransfer,particlefragmentationandattrition,massandenergybalancetec.Thedevelopedcodewasappliedtosimulateanoperatingstagedcirculatingfluidizedbedcombustionboilerofearlydesignandtheresultswereingoodagreementwiththeoperatingdata.Themainsubmodelsandsimulationresultsaregiveninthispaoper.

简介：Anexperimentalinstallationofcoldmodelsimulationwassetuptostudythebedpressuredropindifferentregionsoffixedfluidizedbedreactorduringtopfeedingandbottomfeeding,respectively,atvariousgasvelocitieswiththefluidizationimageofsolidparticlesmonitoredatthesametime.Bycomparingthechangesinbeddensityandoperatinggasvelocityindifferentregionsoffixedfluidizedbedreactor,theinfluenceoftopfeedingandbottomfeedingpatternsonfluidizationbehaviorcouldbeinvestigated.Theresultsshowedthatthebeddensityintopfeedingreactorrespondedmorestablytothechangeingasvelocityalongwiththeadvantageofworkinginawiderrangeofoperatinggasvelocities.Basedonthisstudy,itisconcludedthatexistingbottomfeedingreactorconfigurationscannotmeetthefluidizationrequirements;andoptimizationofbottomfeedingreactorwillbeneeded.

简介：Theprocessesoffineironorereducedinfluidizedbedhavebeenreviewedinthispaper,thesuperioritiesandlimitationsoftheprocessesofdirectreduction,pre-reductioninfluidizedbedhavealsobeencomprehensivelyanalysed,whichmatcheswithbathsmeltingfurnaceorcokebedtypefurnace.Theanalysishasalsobeenmadeonseveralcontroversialtopics,andthegasuseratiohasbeenpointouttobethekeyofthecompetitionofthereductionprocessinfluidizedbed.Thesuitabilitywithfinalreductionfurnaceisalsoimportanttotheenergysavinginthewholesmeltingreductionprocess.

简介：根据本地平衡模型(LEM)，有大RichardsonZaki代表n的好粒子出现，在在床扩大和倒塌期间的某些条件下面，从有小n的粒子的不同动态行为。因为在那里的一个扩大过程可以是从分发者向上宣传的集中断绝，相反，为一个倒塌过程，可以而不是断绝有日益增多地拓宽和向上繁殖的连续转变地区。床高度变化和断绝踪迹的预言试验性地被验证了。

简介：Thispaperpresentsanewapproachtostudytheprocessofcoalgasification.Non-linearprogrammingtechniquesareusedtodeterminethevalueofthemodelparametersthatdependsoncoalspeciesandexperimentalconditionsandthusminimizethedifferencebetweenexperimentalresultsandmodelpredictions.Modelpredictionsbeingingoodagreementwiththeexperimentalresultsshowthatthismethodofcombiningmodelwithexperimentiseffectiveformodelingcomplexprocesses.

简介：Thefluidized-bedpolymerizationprocesshasbeeninusefordecades.Fromthemanufacturer'sperspectiveitisdesirabletoimprovetechnologywithoutmajormodificationofthereactorsystem.Therefore,inordertomeetthedemandfornewproductsormoreefficientreactoroperation,manufacturersprefertoimprovethecatalystsysteminthemostcosteffectivemanner.Usingpolypropyleneproductionasanexample,somerecentadvancesinfluidized-bedpolymerizationtechnologyarepresented.

简介：Mathematicalmodelsforpulsedfluidizationaresystematicallydiscussed.SeveralundeterminedconstitutiverelationshipsareincludedintheGeneralTwo-FluidModel(GTFM),theadjustableparametersofwhicharealwayschosenatwilltosomeextent.AlthoughtherearenoadjustableparametersintheBasicTwo-FluidModel(BTFM),itseigenvaluesarecomplexnumbersanditisill-posedforinitial-valueproblems.TheLocalEquilibriumModel(LEM),afurthersimplificationofBTFM,isdiscussedatlength.Althoughthemodelisverysimple,itishighlycapableofsimulatingcomplexprocessesinpulsedfluidizationoverabroadrangeofoperatingparameters,anditsnumericalresultswellfitexperimentalresultsinboththevariationofbedheightandthedistributionofparticleconcentrationasfluidizingvelocityvaries.

简介：Liquidsolid使流体化床在处理工业基于粒子尺寸，密度，和形状分开粒子的矿物质被使用。理解扩展的使流体化的床为精确地估计它的表演是重要的。使流体化的床的扩大特征被与铁矿石，铬铁矿，石英，和煤样品执行几个实验学习。把水用作液体媒介，实验被进行在使流体化的床上学习粒子尺寸，粒子密度，和表面的速度的效果扩大。试验性的数据被利用基于维的分析开发一个实验数学模型以粒子特征估计使流体化的床的扩大比率，操作并且设计参数。从数学模型获得的预言的扩大比率在对试验性的数据的好同意。

简介：3阶段的水动力学反的使流体化的床为不同液体和煤气的速度用低密度粒子试验性地被学习。水动力学特征学习了包括压力落下，最小的液体和气体使液化速度和阶段劫盗。用床压力坡度决定的最小的液体使液化速度，随气体的增加减少速度。液体劫盗沿着床高度增加的阶段劫盗表演的轴的侧面，而稳固的劫盗减少，击倒床。然而，煤气的劫盗在床上是几乎一致的。

简介：Gas-solidtwo-phaseflowinacirculatingfluidizedbed(CFB)isaffectedbyoperatingconditions(e.g.,superficialgasvelocity,solidsinventory),materialpropertiesandgeometricfactors,suchastheentryandexitconfiguration.Inparticular,thesuspensionsection,whichislocatedbetweentheriserbottomandthesolidsrecycleinlet,affectsthehydrodynamicsintherisersignificantly.However,thesuspensionsectionhasreceivedlessattentioncomparedwithothergeometricfactors.Mostcomputationalfluiddynamics(CFD)simulations,especiallytwo-dimensionalsimulationsdonottakethisfactorintoaccount.Weperformedthree-dimensional,full-loopCFDsimulationswithadragcoefficientthatwasdeterminedbytheenergy-minimizationmulti-scalemodel,andinvestigatedtheflowbehavioroftwoCFBswithdifferentsuspension-sectionlengths.ThesimulationresuitsrevealedthattheaxialprofilesofvoidageintheriserwithalongersuspensionsectionaremorelikelyS-shaped,whereasthosewithshortersuspensionsectionsdecayexponentially.ThedependencesofsolidsfluxonsolidsinventorydifferinthetwoCFBs.Ashortersuspensionsectionmayresultinasmoothtransitionfromdilutetodensetransportwithoutintermediateaccumulativechoki-ng,whereasaIongersuspensionsectionmayleadtoachokingtransition.Thesesimulationresultsarequalitativelyconsistentwiththeflowbehaviorsdescribedinliterature.

简介：单个粒子的动态行为在在一张煤气的使流体化的床上的粒子混合物的混合/分离的过程期间被分析。分析基于从分离粒子模拟产生的结果，与轨道和对单个粒子起作用的力量的焦点。典型粒子被选择代表三种粒子运动：开始在床并且最后的底部部分的一个漂浮物粒子在床的最高的部分使流体化；开始在床并且最后的最高的部分的一个投弃货物粒子在底部呆在床的使流体化de的层；并且间歇地正在加入顶的一个投弃货物粒子使流体化并且底部使流体化de的层。一个粒子的运动在宏观或全球的规模是混乱的，但是能很好以它的相互作用在显微镜的规模被解释的结果表演与另外的粒子，particlefluid相互作用力量，和本地流动结构强迫，接触调节。他们也为建立一个合适的方法连接在不同时间和长度规模产生并且当模特儿的信息加亮需要。

简介：Withtherevisionofemissionstandards,deepdesulphurizationandDeNOXisneededincirculatingfluidizedbed(CFB)boilers.Theoperationofthefirstsetof300-MWCFBboilerpluslimestone/gypsumwetfluegasdesulphurization(FGD)systemintheworldshowsthatdeepdesulphurizationandDeNOXofCFBboilershashigherSO2removalefficiencyatalowerCa/Sratiocomparedwithtraditionalinnerdesulphurizationmode.Itcanmeettheincreasinglyrigidemissionstandards,andissuitableformorefuels.DeepdesulphurizationandDeNOXcanalsoachieveahighly-efficienthigh-temperatureCFBboilerthatcannotonlyachieveinnerdesulphurizationandlowNOXemission,butbenefitslow-grade,highsulfurcontentfuelsaswell.ResearchofdeepdesulphurizationandDeNOXwillbeadevelopingdirectionforCFBboilers.

简介：Inthepresentwork,artificialneuralnetworks(ANNs)wereproposedtomodelnonlineardynamicbehaviorsoflocalvoidagefluctuationsinducedbyhighlyturbulentinteractionsbetweenthegasandsolidphasesincirculatingfluidizedbeds.Thefluctuationsoflocalvoidageweremeasuredbyusinganopticaltransmittanceprobeatvariousaxialandradialpositionsinacirculatingfluidizedbedwithariserof0.10mininnerdiameterand10minheight.TheANNstrainedwithexperimentaltimeserieswereappliedtomakeshort-termandlong-termpredictionsofdynamiccharacteristicsinthecirculatingfluidizedbed.Anearlystopapproachwasadoptedtoenhancethelong-termpredictioncapabilityofANNs.TheperformanceofthetrainedANNwasevaluatedintermsoftime-averagedcharacteristics,powerspectra,cyclenumberandshort-termpredictabilityanalysisoftimeseriesmeasuredandpredictedbythemodel.

简介：Inthispaper,multifractalanalysistogetherwithwavelettransformmodulusmaxima(WTMM)methodisusedtoanalyzethefluctuatingsignalsofcirculatingfluidizedbed(CFB).Singularityspectrumshowsthatthegas-particleflowinCFBhasmultifractalcharacter.Motionbehavioroftheparticle-fluidsystemofCFBcanbedescribedbysingularityspectrum.Intermittencyindexcanbeusedtodeterminethetransitionofflowregimefromfastfluidizationtopneumaticconveying.

简介：Experimentalfluidizationresultswerecomparedforthreegasdistributorswiththesameopeningratiobutdifferentorificeinclinations(30,45,and90).Hydrodynamicstudieswereconductedwithglassbeads(diameter154p.m)toevaluatetheimpactsoforificeinclinationandstaticbeddepthonpressuredrop,pressuredropfluctuations,bedexpansion,andminimumfluidizationvelocity.Solidsresidencetimedistributionsweredeterminedusingphosphorescenttracerparticles(meandiameter76pm),activatedbyultravioletlight.Thebedpressuredropwashigherwiththeinclined-holedistributorsandincreasedwithstaticbedheight.Inashallowbed,theinclined-holedistributorsgavelessexpansion;however,indeepbeds,theorificeanglehadnegligibleinfluenceonbedexpansion.Theminimumfluidizationvelocityvariedwithstaticbedheightfortheinclined-holedistributorsandwashigherforsteeperangles.Theturnovertimeestimatedusingbubbling-bedequationsmatchedtheexperimentalresultswellforverticalmixing.Probesandportsatthewallsofthefluidizationcolumnreducedthedense-phasedownwardvelocitybyupto40%.Thetangentialparticlevelocitywashighestforthe30-holedistributoranddecreasedwithincreasingorificeangle.Tangentialmixingwasdescribedbyadispersionmodel;thedispersioncoefficientfortheinclined-holedistributorswasapproximatelytwicethatforthe90-holedistributorinashallowbed.

简介：一张有磁力地稳定的使流体化的床(MSFB，？500公里榼？？

简介：Measurementofbubblesizeandlocalaveragebubblerisevelocitywascarriedoutinaverticallysinusoidalvibro-fluidizedbed.GlassbeadsofGeldartgroupBparticleswerefluidizedatdifferentgasvelocities,whilethebedwasvibratedatdifferentfrequenciesandamplitudestostudytheireffectsonthebubblebehavior.Thisiscomparedwiththecaseofnovibrationinatwo-dimensionalbedanditisconcludedthatwithvibrationthelocalaveragebubblesize,dbav,decreasessignificantly,especiallyatminimumbubblingvelocity.Theaveragebubblesizeincreasesslightlywithincreasingvibrationfrequencyandamplitude.Thelocalaveragebubblerisevelocityishigherthanthatwithnovibration,thoughwithincreasingvibrationfrequencyandamplitude,itdoesnotchangesignificantly.

简介：Inthe'90sDEMsimulationresearchwassuccessfulinexploringitspotentialinthesimulationoffiuidizationphenomenaandinitsapplicationtothedesignoffluidized-bedprocesses.Nevertheless,notmuchprogresshasbeenmaderegardingtherealistictreatmentofcollisionprocessesthatarecriticalindeterminingmacroscopicmodeoffiuidization.Allthroughthesecondhalfofthe'90s,theauthorinvestigated/demonstratedtheissuebyintroducingdifferentsurfaceinteractionscausedbyformationofliquidand/orsolidbridges,vanderWaalsforceandtheexistenceofsurfaceroughness.Inthefirstpartofthepresentationthesearetobesummarizedandthetasksremainingarediscussed.Inthesecondpart,arepresentedtheresultsfromanewlydevelopedforce-deformationmetertodemonstratethesignificanceofthesurfaceroughnessanditselasto-plasticcharacteristics.

简介：Flocculationtimeisconventionallybelievedtobeproportionaltotheflocculationefficiencyofacylindricalfluidizedbedflocculator.However,inasingle-stagevelocitygradientsituation,theflocculationefficiencydecreaseswhentheoptimalflocculationtimeisexceeded.Amulti-stagevelocitygradientwasestablishedinacylindricalfluidizedbedflocculator,basedonthehydraulicclassificationtheory.Thismulti-stagevelocitygradientfluidizedbedflocculator(MGF)createdamoresuitableenvironmentforflocgrowthandprotection,whichwasconfirmedbythesizedistributionofflocsalongthebedheight.Correspondingly,theabatementefficienciesforKaolinslurryanddyedwastewatertreatmentintheMGFwereenhancedby5-10%,andby7-20%,respectively,comparedwiththoseinthesingle-stagevelocitygradientfluidizedbedflocculators(SGFs).TheinitialbedheightdistributionratioalongthevelocitygradientswasanimportantfactorforMGFoptimization.