简介：Thediscussionaboutsmartgrid(SG)implementationismostlyfocusedonpilotprojects.Theseprojectsarenecessaryformappingofparticulartechnicaldevicesofadvancedmeteringmanagement(AMM)whichisneededforsuccessfulSGandwholefunctionalSGsystemoperation.Accordingtoouropinion,forthenextstepofSGimplementation,theparticipationofeffectivemarketdesignwouldbequitenecessary.Inotherwords,pilotprojectwhichisoperatedregardlesstothemarketconditionsandspecialSGtariffisincompleteandcouldbeirrelevantforfurtherevaluationoffeasibility.Withregardtoabovementionedfacts,thedetailedcost-benefit-analysis(CBA)isneededtoestablishthecorrectmethodologyforevaluationofSGimplementationeffectiveness.Relatedaspectsarementionedanddiscussedinthispaper,inwhichtheparticularcostandbenefitsaswellasfeedbackthatoccursasthereactiononimplementationaresummarizedandquantified.

简介：由瓦茨与Strogatz，的小世界网络研究激发了这篇论文在电力格子学习在拓扑学和串联线停止之间的关系。当传播网络是拥挤的时，串联线停止是串联能发生在力量格子的倒塌的一种类型。它被格子决裂跟随的线停止的一个自立的序列描绘，它通常导致普遍停电。这个工作的主要调查结果是双重的：一方面，工作建议有在他们的互联拓扑学的更多的混乱的拓扑学趋于关于在能定期比更多支持更大的产生和要求层次的意义串联线停止柔韧interconnectedtopologies.On另外的手，工作建议有更多的混乱的拓扑学趋于更易碎因为串联应该开始，他们趋于比更定期互连的拓扑学在更少停止以后分开碎。因此，在另外的复杂网络被观察了，看起来是在坚韧性和脆弱之间的折衷。这些结果用综合地产生的力量格子拓扑学被建立并且验证了使用IEEE57公共汽车和188公共汽车力量格子测试用例。

简介：Thispaperdescribestheuseofoverlappinggridsforthecalculationofflowaroundsingleandmultiple-particleconfigurationsatthemicroscale.ThebasicequationsforcalculationarethoseforconservationofmassandmomentumwhicharesolvedusingacommonFinite-Volumeformulation.Thehydrodynamicparticle-particleandparticle-wallinteractioncanbecalculatedbyusinganoverlappingorChimeragridscheme.Withthegridstructuringprocedureitispossibletousesimpleandstructuredgridsaroundtheparticlesandtheoverallmaingridgeometry.Theparticlegridsarelappedoverthemaingridsuchthattheycanmoveindependentlyaftereachtimestepwithoutremeshingthewholegeometry.Thepapergivesresultsforthevalidationofthecodedevelopedforgeneraltestcases,forarotatingellipsoidinsimpleshearflow,theflowaroundparticlesattachedtoawall,themotionofaparticleinthevicinityofawallandsomeresultsfortheflowthroughapackedbedconfiguration.

简介：Basedonananalysisofthemisunderstandingsandproblemsconcerningwindpowerdevelopment,thispapersummarizestheexperiencesofthecoordinateddevelopmentofwindpowerandpowergridsinforeigncountries,andproposesprinciplesandstrategiesforthecoordinateddevelopmentofwindpowerandpowergrids,andrelatedmeasuresandsuggestionsforlargescaledevelopmentofwindpowerinChina.

简介：Ithasbeenevidentthatthetheoryandmethodsofdynamicderivativesareplayinganincreasinglyimportantrleinhybridmodelingandcomputations.Beingconstructedonvariouskindsofhybridgrids,thatis,timescales,dynamicderivativesoffersuperioraccuracyandflexibilityinapproximatingmathematicallyimportantnat-uralprocesseswithhard-to-predictsingularities,suchastheepidemicgrowthwithun-predictablejumpsizesandoptionmarketchangeswithhighuncertainties,ascom-paredwithconventionalderivatives.Inthisarticle,weshallreviewthenovelnewconcepts,exploredelicaterelationsbetweenthemostfrequentlyusedsecond-orderdy-namicderivativesandconventionalderivatives.Weshallinvestigatenecessarycondi-tionsforguaranteeingtheconsistencybetweenthetwoderivatives.Wewillshowthatsuchaconsistencymayneverexistingeneral.Thisimpliesthatthedynamicderivativesprovideentirelydifferentnewtoolsforsensitivemodelingandapproximationsonhy-bridgrids.Rigorouserroranalysiswillbegivenviaasymptoticexpansionsforfurthermodelingandcomputationalapplications.Numericalexperimentswillalsobegiven.

简介：Aclassofnormal-likederivativesforfunctionswithlowregularitydefinedonLipschitzdomainsareintroducedandstudied.Itisshownthatthenewnormal-likederivatives,whicharecalledthegeneralizednormalderivatives,preservethemajorprop-ertiesoftheexistingstandardnormalderivatives.Thegeneralizednormalderivativesarethenappliedtoanalyzetheconvergenceofdomaindecompositionmethods(DDMs)withnonmatchinggridsanddiscontinuousGalerkin(DG)methodsforsecond-orderel-lipticproblems.Theapproximatesolutionsgeneratedbythesemethodsstillpossesstheoptimalenergy-normerrorestimates,eveniftheexactsolutionstotheunderlyingellipticproblemsadmitverylowregularities.

简介：这篇论文被奉献给非与动人的格子遵守有限元素计划的五个参数因为速度压力在2-D混合了非静止的Stokesproblem的明确的表达。我们证明这个元素有各向异性的行为并且基于一些新奇技术在速度和压力的一些某些标准导出各向异性的错误评价。特别通过我们得到的小心的分析，一致性错误评价上的有趣的结果，它从来没被看见过为混合了有限元素方法在以前文学。

简介：Anewmethodforsloshingsimulationinaswaytankispresent,inwhichthetwophaseinterfaceistreatedasaphysicaldiscontinuity,whichcanbecapturedbyawell-designedhighorderscheme.BasedonNormalizedVariableDiagram(NVD),ahighorderdiscretizationschemewithunstructuredgridsisrealized,togetherwithanumericalmethodforfreesurfaceflowwithafixedgrid.Thismethodisimplementedinanin-housecodeGeneralTransportEquationAnalyzer(GTEA)whichisanunstructuredgridsfinitevolumesolver.Thepresentmethodisfirstvalidatedbyavailableanalyticalsolutions.Asimulationfora2-Drectangulartankatdifferentexcitationfrequenciesoftheswayiscarriedout.AcomparisonwithexperimentaldatainliteratureandresultsobtainedbycommercialsoftwareCFXshowsthatthesloshingloadonthemonitorpointsagreeswellwiththeexperimentaldata,withthesamegrids,andthepresentmethodgivesbetterresultsonthesecondarypeak.Itisshownthatthepresentmethodcansimulatethefreesurfaceoverturningandbreakupphenomena.

简介：分析；有效地控制复杂网络，这篇论文提出计划的一种新类型，它在每个区域独立获得控制；能完成网络的协调optimality。建议算法由二部分组成：第一部分基于社区结构把网络分解成几个独立区域；decouples信息流动；在区域之中控制力量；第二部分在控制中心性索引的帮助下从每个区域选择中心节点。只要中心节点的地位被坚持在每个区域的令人满意的水平，整个系统在有效控制下面。最后，算法被使用驱动格子，；模拟证明它的有效性。

简介：Thefinitevolumemethod(FVM)hasmanyadvantagesin2-Dshallowwaternumericalsimulation.Inthisstudy,thefinitevolumemethodisusedwithunstructuredtriangulargridstosimulatethetidalcurrents.TheRoeschemeisappliedinthecalculationoftheintercellnumericalflux,andtheMUSCLmethodisintroducedtoimproveitsaccuracy.Thetimeintegralisatwo-stepschemeofforecastandrevision.Fortheverificationofthepresentmethod,theStoker'sproblemiscalculatedandtheresultiscomparedwiththemathematicallyanalyticsolutions.Thecomparisonindicatesthatthemethodisfeasible.Aseaareaofaportisusedasanexampletotestthemethodestablishedhere.Theresultshowsthatthepresentcomputationalmethodissatisfactory,anditcouldbeappliedtotheengineeringfields.

简介：在这篇论文，我们为由有限元素方法联合解决Dirichlet外面的边界问题与non-matchinggrids介绍一个领域分解方法(女性)并且自然边界元素方法(BEM)。我们首先导出这个方法产生的thenonconforming近似的最佳的精力错误估计。然后，我们使用轮流出现的Dirichlet-Neumann(D-N)解决联合分离系统的算法。如此的反复的方法拥有最佳的集中，这将被显示出。数字实验证明我们的理论结果。

简介：WeproposeanefficientandrobustalgorithmtosolvethesteadyEulerequa-tionsonunstructuredgrids.ThenewalgorithmisaNewton-iterationmethodinwhicheachiterationstepisalinearmultigridmethodusingblocklower-uppersymmetricGauss-Seidel(LU-SGS)iterationasitssmootherToregularizetheJacobianmatrixofNewton-iteration,weadoptedalocalresidualdependentregularizationasthereplace-mentofthestandardtime-steppingrelaxationtechniquebasedonthelocalCFLnumberTheproposedmethodcanbeextendedtohighorderapproximationsandthreespatialdimensionsinanatureway.Thesolverwastestedonasequenceofbenchmarkprob-lemsonbothquasi-uniformandlocaladaptivemeshes.Thenumericalresultsillustratedtheefficiencyandrobustnessofouralgorithm.

简介：Inthispaper,theinternationalstatusoftheresearchonthetechnicalstandardsofsmartgridsisoverviewed.AnapproachusingtheSLOprincipletoestablishthetechnicalstandardsystemofstrong&smartgridsisputforward.Afour-layeredstructureforthesystemisexpounded,whichconsistsof8domains,26technicalfields,92standardseriesandhundredsofstandards.

简介：Thispaperpresentsasimpleapproachforimprovingtheperformanceoftheweightedessentiallynonoscillatory(WENO)finitevolumeschemeonnon-uniformgrids.ThistechniquereliesonthereformulationofthefifthorderWENO-JS(WENOschemepresentedbyJiangandShuinJ.Comput.Phys.126:202–228,1995)schemedesignedonuniformgridsintermsofonecell-averagedvalueanditsleftand/orrightinterfacialvaluesofthedependentvariable.Theeffectofgridnon-uniformityistakenintoconsiderationbyaproperinterpolationoftheinterfacialvalues.Onnonuniformgrids,theproposedschemeismuchmoreaccuratethantheoriginalWENO-JSscheme,whichwasdesignedforuniformgrids.Whenthegridisuniform,theresultingschemereducestotheoriginalWENO-JSscheme.Inthemeantime,theproposedschemeiscomputationallymuchmoreefficientthanthefifth-orderWENOschemedesignedspecificallyforthenon-uniformgrids.Anumberofnumericaltestcasesaresimulatedtoverifytheperformanceofthepresentscheme.

简介：Themomentarystateofasemiconductordeviceisdescribedbyasystemofthreenonlinearpartialdifferentialequations.Afinitedifferenceschemeforsimulatingtransientbehaviorsofasemiconductordeviceongridswithlocalrefinementintimeandspaceisconstructedandstudied.Erroranalysisispresentedandisillustratedbynumericalexamples.

简介：LatticeBoltzmannmethodisoneofthewidelyusedinmultiphasefluidflow.However,thetwomaindisadvantagesofthismethodaretheinstabilityofnumericalcalculationsduetothelargedensityratiooftwophasesandimpossibilityofthetemperaturedistributiontobefedbackintothevelocitydistributionfunctionwhenthetemperatureissimulated.BasedonthecombinationprescribedbyInamuro,thelargedensityratiotwo-phaseflowmodelandthermalmodelmakesthedensityratioofthemodelsimulationtobeincreasedto2778:1byoptimizingtheinterfacedistributionfunctionoftwo-phasewhichimprovestheaccuracyofdifferentialformat.Thephasetransitiontermisaddedassourcetermintothedistributionfunctioncontrollingtwophaseorderparameterstodescribethetemperatureeffectonthegas-liquidphasetransition.Thelatentheatgeneratedfromthephasechangeisalsoaddedasasourcetermintothetemperaturedistributionfunctionwhichsimulatesthemovementoftheflowunderthecommoncouplingofdensity,velocity,pressureandtemperature.Thedensityandthetemperaturedistributionofsinglebubblearesimulated.Comparisonofthesimulationresultswithexperimentalresultsindicatesagoodagreementpointingouttheeffectivenessoftheimprovedmodel.

简介：AclassofnonlinearparabolicequationonapolygonaldomainΩR2isinves-tigatedinthispaper.Weintroduceafiniteelementmethodonoverlappingnon-matchinggridsforthenonlinearparabolicequationbasedonthepartitionofunitymethod.Wegivetheconstructionandconvergenceanalysisforthesemi-discreteandthefullydiscretefiniteelementmethods.Moreover,weprovethattheerrorofthediscretevariationalproblemhasgoodapproximationproperties.Ourresultsarevalidforanyspatialdimensions.Anumericalexampletoillustratethetheoreticalresultsisalsogiven.

简介：Thenonstaggeredgridsareadoptedinthispaperforsolvingthegoverningequationsofflowsinthecurvilinearcoordinatesystems.Thepresentpaperdemonstratesthebasicreasonandcorrespondingeliminatingmethodforthepressureoscillation,anddeducesthecorrectedexpressionsforthecurvilinearvelocitycomponentsinwhichandadditionaltermrepresentingthedifferencebetweenthe1-δand2-δdifferencevaluesforthepressuregradientappears.Thusifanoscillatorypressurefiledwerearisen,themagnitudeofthistermwouldbelargeandwouldacttoremovetheoscillation;whereasfornonoscillatoryfieldthemagnitudeofthistermremainssmall.Asexaminationforthenumericalmethod3-Dturbulentflowinasquareductwith90°bendand3-Dturbulentmixinglowinalobed-mixerwerecalculatiedrespectively.Thenumericalresultsaresatisfactory.

简介：这份报纸开发一个新方法在二和三种尺寸在矩形的格子上分析有限元素方法的重申的缺点修正计划的集中。主要想法是提出精力内部的产品和精力(半)标准进矩阵形式。然后，包含的二关键不平等的二个常数是min，二的最大特征值分别地联系概括特征值问题。这二个概括特征值问题的元素水平上的本地版本确切被解决突然地获得(更低)这二个常数的上面的界限。这和为重申的答案的一些必要观察在减少的2D和单调建立集中在3D的性质。为二种尺寸，结果此处在文学改进那些；为三种尺寸，结果此处是新的。数字结果被介绍检验理论结果。[从作者抽象]

简介：在这篇论文，我们在飞机为外面的传播问题涉及一个非重叠的领域分解方法(DDM)。基于自然边界积分操作员，我们把DDM与印射的Dirichlet-to-Neumann(DtN)相结合并且向数字分析提供非匹配格子。接口上的近似答案的弱连续性被一个双基础更多样地强加。我们显示出那这更多样地，空间能产生最佳的错误估计并且获得集中的相应的率。最后，几个数字例子证实理论结果。