简介：ThisworkisconductedinMansouraUniversityHospitals,Egypt,toshowtheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofendoscopicstapedotomyincomparisontomicroscopicstapedotomy.Theworkdescribedhasnotbeenpublishedpreviouslynorunderconsiderationforpublicationelsewhere.Theauthorsdeclarethatthereisnoconflictofinterest.ThisstudyisapartofamasterdegreethesissubmittedbyEslamMahmoudaspartialfulfillmentforamasterdegree.Institutionalreviewboardapproval,FacultyofMedicine-MansouraUniversity,wasobtainedforthestudy(IRB:MS/15.09.49).

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简介：自从1970年代，中国地震学者开始在下一年里在来地震的可能性的上进行了年度咨询。当对聚会的活跃回答处于地震预言研究遇见的状况需要许多困难，或作为固执地为1/3世纪进行的真实前面的预言测试，这条途径也有唯一的科学、实际的优点。如此的一条途径一直不由国际地震学上的社区是著名的，这是一件可惜的事，并且如此的一个努力的科学优点抱歉地有时被低估。

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简介：InarecentissueoftheJournalofSportandHealthScience,García-Pinillosetal.~1reviewedevidenceontheeffectsofhighintensityintermittenttraining(intervaltraining)(HIIT)onmuscularandperformanceadaptationsinrecreationalrunners.

简介：Thermalmaturationandpetroleumgenerationmodelingofshalesisessentialforsuccessfulexplorationandexploitationofconventionalandunconventionaloilandgasplays.Forbasinwideunconventionalresourceplayssuchmodeling,whenwellcalibratedwithdirectmaturitymeasurementsfromwells,cancharacterizeandlocateproductionsweetspotsforoil,wetgasanddrygas.Thetransformationofkerogentopetroleumisassociatedwithmanychemicalreactions,butmodelstypicallyfocusonfirst-orderreactionswithratesdeterminedbytheArrheniusEquation.AmisconceptionhasbeenperpetuatedformanyyearsthataccuratethermalmaturitymodelingofvitrinitereflectanceusingtheArrheniusEquationandasingleactivationenergy,toderiveatime-temperatureindex(∑TTIARR),asproposedbyWood(1988),isflawed.ThisclaimwasinitiallymadebySweeneyandBurnham(1990)inpromotingtheir'EasyRo'method,andrepeatedbyothers.Thispaperdemonstratesthroughdetailedmulti-dimensionalburialandthermalmodelinganddirectcomparisonofthe∑TTIARRand'EasyRo'methodsthatthisisnotthecase.The∑TTIARRmethodnotonlyprovidesaveryusefulandsensitivematurityindex,itcanreproducethecalculatedvitrinitereflectancevaluesderivedfrommodelsbasedonmultipleactivationenergies(e.g.,'EasyRo').Throughsimpleexpressionsthe∑TTIARRmethodcanalsoprovideoilandgastransformationfactorsthatcanbeflexiblyscaledandcalibratedtomatchtheoil,wetgasanddrygasgenerationwindows.Thisisachievedinamore-computationally-efficient,flexibleandtransparentwaybythe∑TTIARRmethodthanthe'EasyRo'method.Analysisindicatesthatthe'EasyRo'method,usingtwentyactivationenergiesandaconstantfrequencyfactor,generatesreactionratesandtransformationfactorsthatdonotrealisticallymodelobservedkerogenbehaviourandtransformationfactorsovergeologictimescales.