简介：WiththemodifiedAlmenmethod,theforminganddevelopmentprocessofresidualstressinathermalsprayedcoatinghasbeenobtained.Thetestresultsidentifythattheresidualstressinacoatingisdependoncoatingmaterialproperties,techniqueandcoatingthickness.Thepaperpaysmuchattentiontothehysteresisbetweenthecoatingtemperatureandresidualstressinthecoatingorbetweentheappliedstressandthestrainofthecoating,andconfirmsthatthefactisresultedfromthe"GasFix"characterofathermalsprayedcoating.

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简介：Theeffectofannealingtreatmentonthemicrostructuresandmechanicalpropertiesofcold-sprayedNicoatingwasinvestigatedbyconductingmicro-hardnessandtensiletestsandusinganormalopticalmicroscope(OM),ascanningelectronmicroscope(SEM),atransmissionelectronmicroscope(TEM)andanelectronprobeX-raymicroanalyzer(EPMA).Theresultsshowthatfollowingtheincreaseoftheannealingtemperature,themicro-hardnessofcold-sprayedNicoatingdecreasesandtheelongationafterfractureincreases,whilethetensilestrengthincreasesbeforedecreasing.Thetensiledeformationandfracturebehaviorchangefromatypicalbrittlefracturetoahybridbrittleandductilefracture,thentoatypicalductilefailure.Itisfoundthatwhenannealedatanelevatedtemperature(e.g.900℃),thegrainstendtogrowabnormallywiththeoxidesspheroidizingandthedefectsagglomeratingattheinterfaces,causingthetensilestrengthreductionofthecold-sprayednickelcoating.Itisalsopointedoutthatthetensilestrengthofthecold-sprayedNicoatingcanbesignificantlyimprovedbytheappropriateannealingprocedures,buttheelongationafterfracturecannotbeclearlyincreasedbecauseitisdifficulttoeliminatethemaindefectsinthecoatingbythefollowingheattreatments.

简介：ThefrictionandwearbehaviorofFe-Alintermetallicsbasedcoatingproducedbyhighvelocityarcsprayingtechniqueunderdryslidingatroomtemperaturewereinvestigatedusingaball-on-disctribotester.Theeffectofslidingspeedonfrictioncoefficientandwearofthecoatingwasstudied.Thewornsurfaceofthecoatingwasanalyzedbyscanningelectronmicroscope(SEM)toexploreslidingfrictionandwearmechanism.Theresultsshowthatthevariationsoffrictioncoefficientcanbedividedintothreedistinctstepsduringthetrail.Boththefrictioncoefficientandthewearofthecoatingincreasewithincreasedslidingspeedduetoacceleratedcrackpropagationrateandlamellarstructurewithpoorductilityofthecoating.Thecoatingsurfaceissubjectedtoalternatelytensilestressandcompressionstressduringslidingwearprocess,andthepredominantwearmechanismofthecoatingsappearstobebrittlefractureanddelamination.

简介：Theplasmasprayedthermalbarriercoating(TBC)consistsofNiCrAlYbondcoatingandyttriapartiallystabilizedzirconia(YPSZ)topcoating.NiCrAlYcoatingmainlycontainsNisolidsolutionwithfacecenteredcubiclattice,Al2O3oxidesandpores.ThemostobviousfeatureofYPSZcoatingwithtetragonalzirconiaisalotofverticalmicrocracksinthiscoating.ThethermalinsulationcapabilityoftheTBCincreasedwithanincreaseinYPSZcoatingthickness,thetemperaturedropacrosstheTBCincreasingfrom60℃to92℃withincreasingYPSZcoatingthicknessfrom100μmto500μm.ThethermalshockresistanceoftheTBCdecreasedwithincreasingYPSZcoatingthicknessandcracksinitiatedmainlyinoriginalverticalmicrocracktipsoftheYPSZcoatingandpropagatednotonlyalongYPSZcoating/NiCrAlYcoatinginterfacebutalsothroughNiCrAlYcoating.TheoxidationprocessoftheTBCat1200℃canbedividedintotwostages:traasieatoxidationstagewithrapidoxidationrateandsteadyoxidationstagewithslowoxidation.Theirtransitiontimewasabout10hours.Theweightgainfor100hourswas3.222mg/mm^2.ItisfavorabletoincreaseYPSZcoatingtoughnessandtodecreasetheporesandoxidesoftheTBCsystemforimprovingthermalshockresistanceandoxidationresistanceoftheTBC.

简介：杆菌thuringiensisvar。israelensis(Bti)是最通常使用的杀幼虫剂控制世界范围的蚊子。是考虑了对大多数有机体无毒，Bti能不过由减少许多Chironomidae引起营养的不安到自然社区，它是沼泽地食物网的一个关键元素。自从2006年8月，蚊子的33000ha中的多达8400个在Camargue的幼虫的biotopes(Rh?ne三角洲，在南部的法国)，被一个公共机构和Btisprayed(在2.5L/ha的VectoBac12AS的水的答案)监视每当时蚊子幼虫(Ochlerotatuscaspius和Oc。岩屑)出现在水身体。这导致了30-50天线处理/年，除了未知频率喷洒的地面。喷洒的产地包括Phragmites南极光reedbeds，它支持保存担心的一个特定的鸟类。我们比较了对雀形目的鸟可得到的许多无脊椎动物猎物在对待并且在一个9year时期上基于水文学相对预言的值控制地点。对芦苇passerines可得到的食物显著地在对待的区域被减少，翻译成在饲养基于预兆的建模的鸟的34%减少。大多数影响节肢动物是双翅目的，Aranaea，翘目，和Hymenoptera。没有累积效果随着时间的过去被观察，但是在蚊子控制的停止以后的无脊椎的集合的恢复在沉积由于Bti孢子坚持和增长被推迟。当水文学仍然是影响Camargue芦苇沼泽地的主要、第二等的生产率的一个主要因素时，喷洒的Bti在几个营养的层次在动物社区上有重要否定效果。

简介：Withahigherpolyaminerice(indicavarietyJinlingxiang)asexperimentalmaterial,thechangesincontentsandcomponentsofpolyamines(PAs)inricegrainsafterharvestingwereinvestigatedunderthetreatmentsbysprayingthepaniclesandflagleavesofricewithPAssynthesisinhibitors,D-Arg(0.5,1.0,1.5and2.0mmol/L),methylglyoxalbis-guanylhydrazone(MGBG)(0.1,0.5,1.0and1.5mmol/L)andcyclohexylamine(CHA)(1.0,5.0,10.0,15.0and20.0mmol/L),attheheading,floweringandgrainfillingstages.TheinhibitionofD-ArgonthecontentsoffreeandboundPAsanditstotalamountsinricegrainswassignificant,especiallytreatedatthefloweringandgrainfillingstages.TreatmentswithMGBGandCHAaffectedmainlythecomponentsofPAs,andtheireffectsonthetotalamountsofPAswerenotsignificantexceptMGBGatthefloweringstageandCHAatbothheadingandfloweringstages.

简介：Aseriesoftheelectrochemicalandlong-termcorrosiontestswascarriedoutina3.5wt%Na2SO4solutiononthermal-sprayedWC-17CoandWC-10Co-4Crcermetcoatingsinordertoexaminetheeffectofcompositionofbindermaterialsonthecorrosionbehavior.TheresultsrevealthattheoverallcorrosionresistanceoftheWC-17CocoatingisinferiortothatoftheWC–Co–CrcoatingsduetothecorrosionofbindermaterialswhichinduceWCparticlestofalloff.CoOandWO3oxidefilmsformonthesurfaceofWC-17CocoatinginNa2SO4solutionelectrochemicalcorrosionprocess,whichwillprotectthecoatingintheprocessofcorrosion.Cr2O3oxidefilmformedontheWC-10Co-4Crcoatingsurfacehasastronghinderedroletocorrosion.ThecorrosionmechanismofWC-17CocoatinginNa2SO4solutionisentirecorrosionofComatrix,whileitisfilm-holecorrosionmechanismforWC-10Co-4Crcoating.

简介：Electricalpropertyofamicro-plasmaspraysystemwithdifferentworking-gasfeedingschemeswastestedtooptimizetheplasmasprayprocess.Thearcvoltagewithanintegratedgasinjectionmodeishigherthanthatwithradialinjectionoraxialinjectionmodes.Thus,anintegratedgasinjectionmodewithanexcellentelectricalcharacteristicwasadoptedtodepositalumina-titaniacoating.Themicrostructure,bondingstrengthandhardnessoftheplasmasprayedalumina-titaniacoating,asafunctionofthesprayingparameters,e.g.,plasmacurrent,gasflowrateandgaspressure,werestudied.Itwasshownthatthesprayingparametersaffectedremarkablyontheinicrostructureofthecoating.Differenttendenciesinbondingstrengthandhardnesswerealsoshownfordifferentsprayingparameters.Atanarccurrentof250A,agasflowrateof20L/rninandagaspressureof0.5MPa,thebondingstrengthandmicro-hardnessofthecoatingsreach40.6MPaandHV1406.1,respectively.

简介：礼品客观工作到过决定中立的盐水花的影响wear抵抗上的腐蚀HVOF喷洒的NiCr-Cr3有中介的C2涂层层。Ni-Zn-Al2O3涂层当夹层被低压力准备在NiCr-Cr之间的寒冷水花(LPCS)3形成三明治结构提高腐蚀抵抗性质的C2金属陶瓷涂层。tribological性质被检验使用UMT-3fricition并且由互给滑动在下面的线接触穿测试者干燥、咸的水花一星期腐蚀。涂层的形态学，元素分发，和阶段作文并且穿sufaces被使用扫描电子分析显微镜学，精力散spectrometry，和X光检查衍射分别地。涂层的腐蚀行为被学习旁边开电路的潜力，电气化学的阻抗光谱学，potentiodynamic极化，和盐喷洒腐蚀方法。它被发现三明治组织了涂层，这有更好的腐蚀抵抗与比单个层涂层。结果表演那在下面干燥穿条件，wear机制是磨料并且粘合剂穿，而在盐水花腐蚀条件下面它成为腐蚀穿。组织的三明治的磨擦系数在盐水花腐蚀以后的涂层比干燥磨擦稍微低wear的系数，而是重量损失在干燥状况下面是比那低的。

简介：喷洒的Zn和Zn15Al涂层被选择保护对的高张力水泥(PHC)的结束输送的金属的弧在东北中国在北瓷器和中立草地土壤对盐咸滩土壤的腐蚀堆。在二个模仿的土壤答案的涂的Q235钢样品的腐蚀行为被potentiodynamic极化和电气化学的阻抗光谱学(EIS)调查方法。试验性的结果证明在两个都模仿的答案的矩阵Q235钢的腐蚀被Zn和Zn15Al涂层显著地禁止。Zn和Zn15Al上的腐蚀产品厚、紧缩、坚挺、保护。Zn和Zn15Al涂的样品的腐蚀水流密度icorr与腐蚀时间，和费用转移电阻Rct显然被减少极大地被增加。在模仿的中立草地土壤答案的Zn和Zn15Al的腐蚀电阻索引是比在盐咸滩土壤的那些更突出的。在盐咸滩土壤的Zn15Al的腐蚀电阻比Zn的稍微优异。当喷洒的涂层与环氧基树脂树脂被封上时，涂层的腐蚀电阻进一步显著地被提高。

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