简介：TheconstitutiveequationforasemiconcentratedfibresuspensionintheOldroyd-Bfluidhasbeenderivedfromastatisticalmodelofsuchasuspensionbyemployingthemoleculartheoryforpolymericliquids.Tocircumventtheoreticaldifficultiesinviscoelasticfluidmechanics,severalsimplifiedmodelsareusedtoaccountfortheinteractionsoffibresandpolymermolecules.Someofmaterialfunctionsarecalculatedintermsoftheconstitutiveequation.

简介：ThispaperestablishesthevelocityfieldandtheadequateshearstresscorrespondingtothemotionofanOldroyd-BfluidbetweentwoinfinitecoaxialcircularcylindersbymeansoffiniteHankeltransforms.Theflowofthefluidisproducedbytheinnercylinderwhichappliesatime-dependentlongitudinalshearstresstothefluid.Theexactanalyticalsolutions,presentedinseriesformintermsofBesselfunctions,satisfyallimposedinitialandboundaryconditions.ThegeneralsolutionscanbeeasilyspecializedtogivesimilarsolutionsforMaxwell,secondgradeandNewtonianfluidsperformingthesamemotion.Finally,somecharacteristicsofthemotionaswellastheinfluenceofthematerialparametersonthebehaviorofthefluidmotionaregraphicallyillustrated.

简介：TheintrinsicphysicalrelationshipofvorticitybetweenmodesAandBinthethree-dimensionalwaketransitionisinvestigated.Directnumericalsimulationsfortheflowpastasquare-sectioncylinderarecarriedoutatReynoldsnumbersof180and250,associatedwithmodesAandB,respectively.Basedontheanalysisofspacialdistributionsofvorticityinthenearwake,characteristicsoftheverticalvorticityinmodesAandBareidentified.Moreover,therelationshipofthreevorticitycomponentswithspecificsignsissummarizedintotwosignlaws,asintrinsicphysicalrelationshipsbetweentwoinstabilitymodes.Bythetheoryofvortex-inducedvortex,suchtwosignlawsconfirmthattherearetwoandonlytwokindsofvortex-sheddingpatternsinthenearwake,justcorrespondingtomodesAandB.Inbrief,alongthefreestreamdirection,modeAcanbedescribedbytheparallelsheddingverticalvorticeswiththesamesign,whilemodeBisdescribedbytheparallelsheddingstreamwisevorticeswiththesamesign.Finally,itisfoundoutthatthe-typevortexisabasickindofvortexstructureinbothmodesAandB.

简介：有沿着一张拉长的表的混合传送对流的非牛顿的液体的不可压缩的流动被分析。热转移现象通过热放射被讨论。融化的热转移和热产生/吸收的效果也被拿。合适的转变被利用达到非线性的平常的微分表情。会聚的系列答案被介绍。液体流动，温度，和表面热转移率图形地被检验。当时，松驰时间什么时候增加，被观察速度减少当延迟时间是不变的时，增加。当放射参数增加时，结果也表明温度分发减少。

简介：Graphitedusthasanimportanteffectonthesafetyofhigh-temperaturegas-cooledreactors(HTR).Theflowfieldinthesteamgeneratorwasstudiedbythecomputationalfluiddynamics(CFD)method,withtheresultsindicatingthatthefrictionvelocityinthewindwardandtheleewardoftheheattransfertubesisrelativelylowandishigheratthesides.Furtheranalysisoftheresuspensionofgraphitedustindicatesthattheresuspensionfractionreachesnearlyzeroforparticleswithadiameterlessthan1μm,whereasitwillincreasesastheheliumvelocityinthesteamgeneratorincreasesforparticlesizelargerthan1μm.Moreover,theresuspensionfractionincreasesastheparticlesizeincreases.Theresultsalsoindicatethatresuspensionoftheparticleswithsizeslargerthan1μmexhibitedobviousdifferencesindifferentpartsofthesteamgenerator.

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简介：在laminar的非线性的传送对流的效果三维的Oldroyd-B液体流动被探讨。热转移现象被考虑非线性的热放射和热产生/吸收探索。边界层假设被考虑管理流动分析的数学模型。一些合适的类似变量被介绍把部分微分方程转变成平常的微分系统。有射击方法的Runge-Kutta-Fehlberg第四顺序、第五顺序的技术被用来获得无尺寸的速度和温度的答案。液体速度和温度上的各种各样的物理参数的效果被阴谋并且检验。比较与准确并且homotopy不安答案被做为粘滞液体大小写，和一根优秀火柴被注意。墙的数字价值砍在墙的压力和热转移率被公布并且调查。在德卜拉数字的价值的改进在液体速度上显示出反向的行为。当非线性的传送对流参数增加时，结果证明温度和热边界层被减少。Nusselt数字的价值比处于线性放射状况的那些处于非线性的放射状况是更高的。

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简介：Globallook-uptablestrategyproposedrecentlyhasbeenproventobeanefficientmethodtoacceleratetheinterpolation,whichisthemosttime-consumingpartintheiterativesub-pixeldigitalimagecorrelation(DIC)algorithms.Inthispaper,agloballook-uptablestrategywithcubicB-splineinterpolationisdevelopedfortheDICmethodbasedontheinversecompositionalGauss–Newton(IC-GN)algorithm.Theperformanceofthisstrategy,includingaccuracy,precision,andcomputationefficiency,isevaluatedthroughatheoreticalandexperimentalstudy,usingtheonewithwidelyemployedbicubicinterpolationasabenchmark.Thegloballook-uptablestrategywithcubicB-splineinterpolationimprovessignificantlytheaccuracyoftheIC-GNalgorithm-basedDICmethodcomparedwiththeoneusingthebicubicinterpolation,atatrivialpriceofcomputationefficiency.

简介：ThisstudyinvestigatesthecorrelationbetweenPM10andmeteorologicalfactorssuchaswindspeed,atmosphericvisibility,dewpoint,relativehumidity,andambienttemperatureduringabrownhazeepisode.InordertoidentifythepotentialsourcesofPM10duringbrownhazeepisode,respirableparticulatematter(PM10)wascollectedduringbothnon-hazedaysandhazedaysandfurtheranalyzedformetallicelements,ionicspecies,andcarbonaceouscontents.Amongthem,ionicspeciescontributed45-64%toPM10,whilemetallicelementscontributed7-21%toPM10whichwassmallerthantheotherchemicalconstituents.TheaverageOC/ECratio(42)inhazedayswasaboutthreetimesoftheaverageOC/ECratio(14)innon-hazedays.Byusingchemicalmassbalance(CMB)receptormodel,themajorsourceswereapportioned,includingtraffics,incinerators,coalcombustion,steelindustry,petrochemicalindustry,andsecondaryaerosols,etc.ThecontributiontoPM10concentrationofeachsourcewascalculatedforallthesamplescollected.TheresultsshowedthatcoalcombustionwasthemajorsourceofPM10innon-hazedaysandsecondaryaerosolswerethemajorsourceinhazedays,followedbypetrochemicalindustry,incinerators,andtraffics,whileothersourceshadnegligibleeffect.

简介：在西安，长期的变化和关系从2001-2004基于从1980-2002获得的每日的可见性数据和空气污染索引数据因为每天水平的扑灭系数和PM_(10)的集体集中被评估了。一个减少的趋势在过去的23年期间在水平扑灭系数被发现，与更高的价值相对1990年代的观察in1980s，和在冬季和夏天的最高、最低的价值分别地。重要关联和类似的季节的变化在水平扑灭系数和PM_(10)集中之间存在，建议到在在在过去的二十年期间的华中的Guanzhong平原的一个地点的可见性落下的PM_(10)的高影响。

简介：介绍了在中国科学院力学研究所JF12长实验时间激波风洞上开展的10°尖锥标模的天平测力实验研究结果.JF12激波风洞的实验时间为100～130ms,名义Mach数为7.0,喷管出口直径为2.5m,总焓为2.5MJ/kg,复现了35km高空的飞行条件.采用六分量应变天平,攻角分别为-5,0,5,10和14°,模型长度为1.5m,质量为50kg.实验结果表明,在100～130ms的实验时间里,应变天平的输出信号含有3～4个完整周期,可以通过对天平的输出信号进行平均直接获得气动力/矩测量结果,而不再需要进行加速度补偿,且气动力系数重复测量的不确定度小于2%.JF12激波风洞气动力系数的测量结果与传统高超声速风洞的结果符合得较好,表明在2.5MJ/kg的总焓下,真实气体效应对该模型气动力特性的影响不明显.

简介：PM_(1.0)(好粒子，与直径<1μm)，PM_(2.5)(好粒子，与直径<2.5μm)并且PM_(10)(粗糙的粒子，与直径<10μm)是在香港的一条高交通的道路附近的测量at24小时间隔，从2004年10月到2005年9月。Massconcentrations为三粒子部分被决定，平均为PM_(1.0)，PM_(2.5)和PM_(10)，分别地44.5±18.4，55.4±25.5和81.3±37.7μg·m~(-3)。PM_(2.5)是3.7times美国EPA“s15μg·m~的年度NAAQS(-3)。总的来说，PM_(1.0)占了44～69%(一般水准57%)PM_(10)，当PM_(2.5)占了58～82%时，(一般水准71%)在这学习。Theparticulate群众在冷季节与高集中显示出明显的季节的模式并且在温暖的季节低，PM_(2.5-10)的特别高的集中在冷季节期间。PM_(2.5)的集体集中的Diurnalvariations在7月期间是坚定的，证明二个学生在早上和下午上下班时间达到顶点。

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