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简介：Liwan下垂，与4000km的一个区域，2,是之一深海在Zhujiang河(珀尔河)里下垂嘴盆，北华南海。在油和煤气的资源由探索成功启发了在深海全球下垂，我们进行了调查Liwan的tectono热的历史的热建模下垂，它广泛地被认为重要象盆的烃潜力一样理解构造活动。用多级式的有限拉长模型，构造沉淀历史和热历史为12口人工的井被获得了，它在最新在学习区域获得的一地震侧面的基础上被构造。rifting的二个阶段能从构造沉淀模式在49-33.9妈和33.9-23妈的时间时期期间被认出，并且有加热相应于rifting的过程的二个阶段。在rifting事件的结束的重建的平均基础paleo热流动价值是~70.5并且~94.2mW/m2分别地。后面的加热时期，自从23妈和基础热流动目前凉下来到~71.8-82.5mW/m2，学习区域经历了一个坚持的热变细阶段。

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简介：当自台湾东面的菲律宾海流向日本的暖流的时间空间的可变性被mesoscale旋涡高度影响，代表它的季节的可变性特征要求足够地长期的观察减少无常。从1987～2010从水道学的观察估计的因地球自转而引起的速度数据和在在中央华东海的PN节的从1993～2008的舷侧ADCP速度数据被收集客观地看季节的可变性。从观察的两种类型，自台湾东面的菲律宾海流向日本的暖流水流的季节的气候学平均数在三个区域展出重要差别，这被发现，它在自台湾东面的菲律宾海流向日本的暖流当前的核心和它的二胁腹位于浅层不到300m，与在在秋天的核心的最弱的东北水流，在春天的正确胁腹上的最强壮的相反的水流，和在秋天的左胁腹上的最强壮的东北水流分别地。自台湾东面的菲律宾海流向日本的暖流水流的季节的变化也展出重要差别在上近海自台湾东面的菲律宾海流向日本的暖流的方面，与在春天和夏天的更大的变化当时在秋天和冬季的更小的变化。为到PN节的当前的平行，到intraseasonal可变性部件的季节的可变性部件的比率为对PN节垂直的水流是比那相对小的。进一步的分析显示在PN节的季节的可变性紧被连接到在上游、下游的当前的可变性。

简介：Theannual,interannualandinter-decadalvariabilityofconvectionintensityofSouthChinaSea(SCS)summermonsoonandair-seatemperaturedifferenceinthetropicaloceanisanalyzed,andtheirrelationshipisdiscussedusingtwodatasetsof48-aSODA(simpleoceandataassimilation)andNCEP/NCAR.AnalysesshowthatinwintertimeIndianOcean(WIO),springtimecentraltropicalPacific(SCTP)andsummertimeSouthChinaSea-WestPacific(SSCSWP),air-seatemperaturedifferenceissignificantlyassociatedwiththeconvectionintensityofSouthChinaSeasummermonsoon.Correlationoftheinter-decadaltimescale(above10a)ishigherandmorestable.Thereisinterdecadalvariabilityofcorrelationinscaleslessthan10aanditisrelatedwiththeair-seatemperaturedifferenceitselfforcorrespondingwaters.Theinter-decadalvariabilityoftheconvectionintensityduringtheSouthChinaSeasummermonsooniscloselyrelatedtotheinter-decadalvariabilityofthegeneralcirculationoftheatmosphere.Sincethelateperiodofthe1970s,inthelowertroposphere,thecross-equatorialflowfromtheSouthernHemispherehasintensified.Attheuppertropospherelayer,theSouthAsianhighandcross-equatorialflowfromtheNorthernHemispherehasintensifiedatthesametime.ThenthemonsooncellhasalsostrengthenedandresultedinthereinforcingoftheconvectionofSouthChinaSeasummermonsoon.

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简介：Decreasingtherisksandgeohazardsassociatedwithdrillingengineeringinhigh-temperaturehigh-pressure(HTHP)geologicsettingsbeginswiththeimplementationofpre-drillingpredictiontechniques(PPTs).ToimprovetheaccuracyofgeopressurepredictioninHTHPhydrocarbonreservoirsoffshoreHainanIsland,wemadeacomprehensivesummaryofcurrentPPTstoidentifyexistingproblemsandchallengesbyanalyzingtheglobaldistributionofHTHPhydrocarbonreservoirs,theresearchstatusofPPTs,andthegeologicsettinganditsHTHPformationmechanism.OurresearchresultsindicatethattheHTHPformationmechanisminthestudyareaiscausedbymultiplefactors,includingrapidloading,diapirintrusions,hydrocarbongeneration,andthethermalexpansionofporefluids.Duetothismulti-factorinteraction,acloudofHTHPhydrocarbonreservoirshasdevelopedintheYing-QiongBasin,butonlytraditionalPPTshavebeenimplemented,basedontheassumptionofconditionsthatdonotconformtotheactualgeologicenvironment,e.g.,Bellotti’slawandEaton’slaw.Inthispaper,wefocusontheseissues,identifysomechallengesandsolutions,andcallforfurtherPPTresearchtoaddressthedrawbacksofpreviousworksandmeetthechallengesassociatedwiththedeepwatertechnologygap.Inthisway,wehopetocontributetotheimprovedaccuracyofgeopressurepredictionpriortodrillingandprovidesupportforfutureHTHPdrillingoffshoreHainanIsland.

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简介：钻的井表明中新世的海洋的来源在Qiongdongnan盆的浅水区域摇的有机物许多与差的烃产生潜力是相对低的。然而，在一些钻深水区域结束的井到中央消沉带，有更好的有机物丰富的中新世的海洋的来源岩石和烃产生被发现了特征，它完成了基于geochemical的分析标准的更好的来源岩石。尽管在研究区域的深水区域没有探索的井，通过几口典型的探索的井的geochemical数据的比较分析分别地从在盆的浅水区域，在盆和地点的深海的区域的中央消沉带边缘深海在华南海盆钻中的1148个，它表明来源岩石的质量的趋势从三角洲逐渐地变得积极到bathyal环境，它然后是变得否定在de由于陆上的有机物输入的缺乏，在Qiongdongnan盆的中新世的海洋的来源岩石的重要控制因素是有机物的海洋生产率和保藏条件。元素地球化学数据显示paleoproductivity的趋势和有机物的保藏条件从浅区域作为水深度增加变得积极到bathyal区域结束到中央消沉带。必须在那里存在，这因此被推测在保藏有机物调节的中央消沉区域的高质量的来源岩石是好一些的。而且在理论，在在水深度的海洋的环境的缺氧地区4001000m，有机物的保藏条件因此很好正在形成高质量的海洋的来源岩石。产生推测，认为在Qiongdongnan盆的bathyal环境有高烃产生潜力来源岩石是合理的，特别在水深度4001000m。

简介：Toexploretheeffectofenvironmentconditionsonimmuneactivityoffish,eightimmune-associatedgenesresponsibleforinnateimmunitywereselectedfromtheGenBank,i.e.Pgrn-a,Ifit2,P-hepcidin,Lect2,β2m,Irf1,Il25andHsp96,andthemRNAexpressionsoftheminthekidneyofculturedlargeyellowcroakerLarimichthyscroceaindifferentseaareasintheEastChinaSeawereexaminedwithqPCRtechniques.Inthecontrastsofimmune-associatedgeneexpressionbetweenareasandpopulations,significantdifferenceswerefound,expressionlevelsoftheseimmune-associatedgeneswerelowerintheclearwaterareathaninthepoorwaterquantityarea,andlowerinMaythaninOctober.MYwasmoresensitivetoenvironmentalfactorsthanDQ,whichwascoincidentwiththewaterqualityintheculturingareas.Differentialanalysesoftheexpressionlevelsoftheseimmune-associatedgenesshowedthatsignificantup-regulationcouldbetriggeredbypoorenvironmentalfactors.Theexpressionpatternsindicatedthattheexpressionlevelsofthesegenesweresensitivetoecologicalchanges,therebytheimmune-associatedgenes,especiallyPgrn-a,Ifit2,β2m,Il25andHsp96,mightserveasimmediateandsensitiveindicatorsofpopulationimmunologicvigorandecosystemhealth.Buttheexpressionofimmunity-associatedgenesatthelevelofgenetranscriptionishighlyinfluencedbymultiplefactors,andtheexactcausesorinfluencingfactorsoftheup-regulationordown-regulationofthesegenesstillneedfurtherthoroughinvestigation.

简介：TheEastChinaSea(ECS)isariver-dominatedepicontinentalsea,linkingtheAsiancontinenttothenorthwesternPacificviathelargeriversoriginatingfromTibetanPlateau.TherelevanthugeinfluxofriverinedetritushasdevelopeduniquesedimentarysystemsintheECSduringtheQuaternary,offeringidealterrestrialarchivesforreconstructingQuaternarypaleoenvironmentalchangesandstudyingland-seainteractions.Overall,twocharacteristicriversystemsdominatethesedimentarysystemsandsedimentsourcetosinktransportpatternsintheECS,representedbytheChangjiang(YangtzeRiver)andHuanghe(YellowRiver)forthelargeriversystemandTaiwanriversforthesmallriversystem.Giventhis,thesedimentsderivedfrombothriversystemsbeardistinctfeaturesintermsofparentrocklithology,provenanceweatheringandsedimenttransport.Previousstudiesmostlyfocusoneitherthe‘source’discriminationorthe‘sink’recordsofthesedimentarysystemintheECS,whilethesourcetosinkprocesslinkingthelandandsea,inparticularitstimescale,hasbeenpoorlyunderstood.Hereweintroduceanewly-developeddatingtechnique,the‘comminutionage’method,whichoffersaquantitativeconstraintonthetimescaleofsedimenttransferfromitsultimatesourcetothefinaldepositionalsink.Thisnovelmethodisofgreatsignificanceforimprovingourunderstandingontheearthsurfaceprocessesincludingtectonic-climatedrivenweathering,andsedimentrecyclinginrelationtolandscapeevolutionandmarineenvironmentalchanges.TheapplicationofcomminutionagemethodintheECSwillprovideimportantconstraintsonsedimentsource-to-sinkprocessandmoreevidencesfortheconstructionoflateQuaternarypaleoenvironmentalchangesundertheseuniquesedimentarysystems.更多还原

简介：Mangrovesaccumulatesedimentarysequences,wherecorescanprovidehistoricalrecordsofmangroveevolutionwithpastclimatechangeandhumanactivity.ThestudytracedthehistoryofmangroveevolutionduringthepastonehundredyearsinamangroveswampofMaoweiSea,SWChina.Thesedimentationrates(0.38-0.95cmyr-1)werecalculatedonthebasisofln(210Pbxs/Al)andmassdepthinthecoresediments.Chemicaltracers,suchasδ13CorgandC:Nvalues,wereutilizedtotracethecontributionofmangrove-derivedorganicmatterusingaternarymixingmodel.Becauseofpotentialdiageneticalterationand/oroverlapintheisotopicsignaturesofdifferentcomponents,simultaneoususeofmangrovepollendiagramscanhelptosupplementsomeoftheselimitations.Combinedwithmangrovepollen,mangroveevolutionwasreconstructedandcouldbedividedintothreestages:flourishment（1886-1905AD）,slightdegradation（1905-1949AD）andrapiddegradationperiod（1949-2007AD）,whichwasconsistentwithpreviousreports.Thereclamationofmangroveswampstoshrimppondswasthemajorreasonforrapiddegradationofmangroveecosystemsinrecentyears,ratherthanclimatechangeintheregion.

简介：SixactivecompoundsareisolatedfromthemarinebryozoanBugulaneritina,inhabitingtheNanwanBayintheSouthChinaSea,usingthebioassay-guidedmethodwithacombinationofextractionandpartitionationwithsuitablesolventsaswellasmultiplecolumnchromatographies(SephadexLH-20,ODSandpreparativeHPLC).Theirstructuresareidentifiedasknownbryostatins-bryostatins4,5,6,10,11and18throughintensiveanalysisofthedataofhighresolution2DNMR(600MHz,DQF-COSY,TOCSY,HMQCandROESY)andESI-MS.Amongthem,bryostatins10,11and18areforthefirsttimeobtainedfromthisbryozoanintheSouthChinaSeaandtheyshowsignificantantineoplasticactivitiesinvitro.

简介：Intertidalmarinemacroalgaeexperienceperiodicalexposuresduringlowtideduetotheirzonationaldistribution.ThedurationofsuchemersionleadstodifferentexposuresoftheplantstolightandaerialCO2,whichthenaffectthephysiologyofthemtodifferentextents.TheecophysiologicalresponsestolightandCO2wereinvestigatedduringemersionintworedalgaeGloiopeltisfurcataandGigartinaintermedia,andtwobrownalgaePetaloniafasciaandSargassumhemiphyllum,growingalongtheShantoucoastofChina.Thelight-saturatednetphotosynthesisinG.furcataandP.fasciashowedanincreasefollowedbyslightlydesiccation,whereasthatinG.intermediaandS.hemiphyllumexhibitedacontinuousdecreasewithwaterloss.Inaddition,theupper-zonatedG.furcataandP.fascia,exhibitedhigherphotosynthetictolerancetodesiccationandrequiredhigherlightleveltosaturatetheirphotosynthesisthanthelower-zonatedG.intermediaandS.hemiphyllum.Desiccationhadlesseffectondarkrespirationinthesefouralgaecomparedwithphotosynthesis.Thelight-saturatednetphotosynthesisincreasedwithincreasedCO2concentrations,beingsaturatedatCO2concentrationshigherthanthepresentatmosphericlevelinG.furcata,G.intermediaandS.hemiphyllumduringemersion.ItwasevidentthattherelativeenhancementofphotosynthesisbyelevatedCO2inthosethreealgaeincreased,thoughtheabsolutevaluesofphotosyntheticenhancementowingtoCO2increasewerereducedwhenthedesiccationstatusesbecamemoresevere.However,inthecaseofdesiccatedP.fascia(waterlossbeinggreaterthan20%),lightsaturatednetphotosynthesiswassaturatedwithcurrentambientatmosphericCO2level.ItisproposedthatincreasingatmosphericCO2willenhancethedailyphotosyntheticproductioninintertidalmacroalgaebyvariedextentsthatwererelatedtothespeciesandzonation.

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简介：Qiongdongnan盆和Zhujiang河(珀尔河)嘴盆，在北华南海的重要的含石油的盆，包含丰富的油和煤气的资源。在这研究，在在TOC内容和切的Rock-Eval参数上讨论油底泥的影响的基础上，页岩取样，作者在Qiongdongnan和Zhujiang河嘴盆的煤气的累积做了来源岩石质量，热进化和来源岩石的控制效果的全面分析。在为切页岩样品的抽取前后的TOC内容和Rock-Eval参数的对比分析显示除了Rock-Eval参数S2,油底上的更弱的影响，泥在Rock-EvalS1,Tmax和TOC内容上有某些影响。当有关对来源岩石地球化学参数，在Yacheng/Enping的页岩，Lingshui/Zhuhai和Sanya/Zhuhai的油底泥影响形成有时，主要与更好煤气的潜力和油潜力打II和III有机物。热进化分析建议油窗户的深度间隔在3000m和5000m之间。在深海的区域的来源岩石主要由于油窗户的迟了的阶段和高晚饭的成熟阶段产生了丰富的气体。弄明白的煤气的水库形成条件分析来源岩石是主要因素和差错，这是为煤气的累积的一个必要条件。来源，差错和水库的空间联合为煤气的累积和里面是必要的产生烃下垂未来潜力气体探索区域。

简介：在山东省的沿海的集水，水缺乏由于盐水的侵入被加重，减少可得到的水资源的可用性。如此的一种状况要求持续综合水资源管理(IWRM)。为IWRM的目的和实现的想法在这篇论文被解释。在现在的学习的计划工程disscussed的一般目的是在欧洲水FrameworkDirective的上下文在水资源管理和更新的开发召集德国传统的专家知识；研究努力试图在山东省的肋骨的区域减轻绝望的水缺乏状况。

简介：Dongsha区域是为在华南海(SCS)的煤气的水合物探索的最有希望的目标区域之一。毛孔水地球化学的学习在中国煤气的水合物探索起了一个关键作用。Br/Cl，I/Cl和37毛孔水里的Cl在在低温度沉积环境跟踪煤气的水合物出现，毛孔液体的化学进化和水/岩石相互作用这里被使用。样品在2004在Dongsha区域从地点HD255PC和HD309PC被收集。在地点HD255PC，我们发现了提高的Br/Cl，I/Cl并且那么减少了在4-5m的深度的4/Cl，可能从煤气的水合物出现产生的旁边地移植的液体暗示。37Clis-0.54到+0.96，和积极37在4-5m间隔的Cl应该与在35Cl和37Cl。在地点HD309PC，旁边地移植的液体也在3-4m的深度被发现，与Br/Cltwotimes到，显示海水和减少的I/Cl，液体没有与煤气的水合物的关系。在这个地点，氯同位素的作文改变from-0.7到+1.9。额外的高Br/Cl可能与深产生的液体联系。在更高的温度和压力，液体的Br/Cl在含水的硅酸盐形成期间被提高，当时积极37Cl也与一样的机制被联系。

简介：渐新世Huagang形成是在Xihu的主要沙岩水库下垂，位于华东海架盆的东方。与薄节的岩相学，紫外线荧光显微镜学，扫描电子显微镜学，和同位素地球化学的一条综合途径，不同diagenetic特征被识别，典型diageneticparasequences被建立，并且diagenetic液体进化历史为渐新世Huagang被重建在Xihu的南方的形成沙岩水库下垂。Huagang形成沙岩水库现在在mesodiagenesis的时期B，它经历了象机械压缩，毛孔衬里绿泥石水泥，长石溶解，石英硬化和溶解那样的重要diagenetic改变，并且焦化硬化。碳酸盐水泥(早陨铁，中等ferrocalcite和迟了的ankerite)的三种类型在Huagang形成沙岩水库被识别。碳和氧而迟了的碳酸盐水泥是，碳酸盐水泥的同位素的作文证明早方解石从碱的湖的环境猛抛仔细与器官的酸有关。到Huagang形成沙岩水库，它在成岩作用期间经历了溶解的二个主要事件。早溶解是象长石，锂的碎片，和碳酸盐水泥那样的不稳定的部件被酸的水溶解。第二溶解是石英和其它硅酸盐矿物质在碱的条件下面被溶解。烃收费的二个主要阶段发生在这个学习区域。第一个烃炮兵阵地在中等碳酸盐硬化以前但是对长石溶解和在结束的石英硬化的发作以后中新世。收费的第二烃在迟了的碳酸盐降水以后发生在第四级的时期。

简介：AWRF-Chemmodelincludingacomprehensivegas-phasenitrogenchemistrymodulewasusedtosimulateaseveredusteventappearingintheeasternChinaon19-25March,2002.ThemodelingresultwellreproducedPM10concentrationsinvariousdistancesfromthedustsourcesandthetransportpathwayoftheduststrom.TheresultsshowedthatboththeconcentrationsandthedrydepositionfluxesofPM10increasedovertheChinaseasduringthedusteventfollowingthepassageofacoldfrontsystem.ThemaximumfluxesofPM10intheYellowSeaandtheEastChinaSeaduringthedusteventwere5.5and8.4timesofthosebeforetheevent,respectively.However,thetemporalvariationsofthedrydepositionfluxesofparticulateinorganicnitrogendifferedovertheYellowSeafromthoseovertheEastChinaSea.NitrateandammoniuminthewholenorthernChinarapidlydecreasedbecauseoftheintrusionofdust-loadedairon19March.ThedustplumearrivedintheYellowSeaon20March,decreasingtheparticulateinorganicnitrogeninmassconcentrationaccordingly.TheminimumdrydepositionfluxesofnitrateandammoniumintheYellowSeawereabout3/5and1/6ofthosebeforethedustarrival,respectively.Incontrast,whenthedustplumecrossedovertheYangtzeDeltaarea,itbecameabundantinnitrateandammoniumandincreasedtheconcentrationsanddrydepositionfluxesofparticulateinorganicnitrogenovertheEastChinaSea,wherethemaximumdrydepositionfluxesofnitrateandammoniumincreasedapproximatelyby4.1and2.6timesofthosepriortothedustarrival.