简介:Phenologyshiftsandrangeexpansionscauseorganismstoexperiencenoveldaylength-temperaturecorrelations.Dependingonthetemporalniche,organismsmaybenefitorsufferfromchangesindaylength,thuspotentiallyaffectingphenologicaladaptation.WeassessedtheimpactofdaylengthchangesonlarvaeofChrysoperlacarnea(Stephens)andEpisyrphusbalteatus(DeGeer),bothofwhichpreyonaphids.LarvaeofE.balteatusarenight-active,whereasthoseofC.carneaappeartobecrepuscular.Wesubjectedbothspeciesinclimatechamberstodaylengthsof16:8L:Dand,tocircumventdiapauseresponses,20:4L:D.Werecordeddevelopmenttimesandpredationratesofbothspecies.E.balteatusgrew13%fasterinthe16:8L:Dtreatmentandpreyedonsignificantlymoreaphids.Incontrast,C.carneagrew13%fasterinthe20:4L:Dtreatmentandhigherpredationratesin20:4L:Dweremarginallysignificant.Ourresultsshowthatdaylengthaffectsdevelopmentandpredation,butthatthedirectiondependsonspecies.Suchdifferencesintheuseofdaylengthmayaltertheefficiencyofbiocontrolagentsinachangingclimate.
简介:Theaimofthisstudyistodesignabiologicalinformationretrievalandanalysissystem(BIRAS)basedontheInternet.Usingthespecificnetworkprotocol,BIRASsystemcouldsendandreceiveinformationfromtheEntrezsearchandretrievalsystemmaintainedbyNationalCenterforBiotechnologyInformation(NCBI)inUSA.Theliteratures,nucleotidesequence,proteinsequences,andotherresourcesaccordingtotheuser-definedtermcouldthenberetrievedandsenttotheuserbypopupmessageorbyE-mailinformingautomaticallyusingBIRASsystem.Alltheinformationretrievingandanalyzingprocessesaredoneinreal-time.Asarobustsystemforintelligentlyanddynamicallyretrievingandanalyzingontheuser-definedinformation,itisbelievedthatBIRASwouldbeextensivelyusedtoretrievespecificinformationfromlargeamountofbiologicaldatabasesinnowdays.Theprogramisavailableonrequestfromthecorrespondingauthor.
简介:物候学允许有机体通过生命周期调整克服季节地可变的条件。在物候学罐头的变化急速地修改一张人口的进化轨道,当在繁殖时间的移动可以引起allochronic区别时。可继承的繁殖时间的假设试验性地被测试,由学习松processionary蛾Thaumetopoeapityocampa的一张唯一的人口(兽穴。与Schiff)它,并且不管多么有转移物候学与跟随古典生命周期的典型人口共同发生。当两种类型的人口在控制条件下面被饲养时,繁殖时间被维持异步在这块地里观察了。转移人口在实验室被操作比平常晚复制,然而,后代在因此回到平常的周期的期望的日期出现在下一年里。从在2张人口之间执行的十字的混血儿显示出中间的物候学。从父母和后代的出现时间,繁殖时间的高可遗传性(h=0.76)被观察。从十字的每种类型获得的后代遗传上用microsatellite标记被描绘。贝叶斯的聚类分析证实混血儿能成功地被识别并且由genotyping与父母基因班分开了。调查结果支持为这张特别人口,早期的allochronic种形成由于在进一步引起配对的交配的繁殖时间的可继承的移动并且可能最后响应环境变化引起生态的adaptation/maladaptation的假设。
简介:Poly(vinylalcohol)/hydroxylapatite(PVA/HA)compositehydrogelwaspreparedbyrepeatedfreezingandthawing.Thewaterlosspropertiesoftheresultanthydrogelwereinvestigatedbyusingopticalmicroscope.LongtimeimmersiontestsofPVA/HAcompositehydrogelwerecarriedoutinthedilutedcalfserumsolutiontostudythechangelawsofswellingpropertieswiththefreezing-thawingcyclesandHAcontent.Themicro-morphologiesofPVA/HAcompositehydrogelafterlongtimeimmersionwereobservedbymeansofthehigh-accuracy3Dprofiler.TheresultsshowthattheswellingprocessofPVA/HAcompositehydrogelistheconverseprocessofitswaterloss.LongtimeswellingratiocurvesofPVA/HAcompositehydrogelinthecalfserumsolutionaremanifestedasfourstagesofquickincrease,decrease,slowdecreaseandstablebalance,anditsequilibriumswellingratiodecreaseswiththeincreaseoffreezing-thawingcyclesandHAcontent.ItisrevealedthatthenetworkstructureofthecompositehydrogelimmersedforalongperiodissignificantlyimprovedwiththeincreaseofHAcontent.PerfectnetworkstructuresofPVA/HAcompositehydrogelaswellasfullandequilibriumtissuesafterswellingequilibriumareobtainedwhentheHAcontentis3%andthenumberoffreezing-thawingcyclesis7.
简介:当学习节肢动物食肉动物猎物相互作用时,内脏内容分析是一个有用工具。我们使用了聚合酶链反应(PCR)检验在内脏的猎物脱氧核糖核酸的察觉怎么食肉动物满足的技术到消化时间和温度被影响。如此的知识在使用基于PCR的内脏内容分析回答前是批评的收集了食肉动物。two-spotted女士甲壳虫(AdaliabipunctataL.)的幼虫在21℃或14℃用鸟樱桃燕麦蚜虫(Rhopalosiphum垫iL.)被喂。在消费一个蚜虫以后,食肉动物被允许为时间时期的一个范围消化猎物直到24个小时。A上的温度的影响。喂行为的bipunctata也被记录。从喂的幼虫,全部的脱氧核糖核酸被提取并且有R的PCR反应。垫i特定的教材被运用。A的数字。测试的bipunctata为R积极。垫i脱氧核糖核酸是否定地与消化时间的长度有关。温度影响了幼虫的喂的行为但是没在R上有重要效果。填i脱氧核糖核酸察觉。在从两个温度处理分享数据以后,我们估计了时间点什么时候R。垫i脱氧核糖核酸能从50%喂的A被放大。由PCR到的bipunctata是4.87个小时。与在猎物脱氧核糖核酸察觉成功的如此的快速的减少,积极PCR反应将很可能是立即在俘获前发生的捕食事件的结果。如果一个定义消化温度范围证明了不影响猎物察觉,从食肉动物获得的PCR数据在那个特别范围以内收集了能以一样的方法被解释。
简介:Accurateidentificationofprotein-codingregions(exons)inDNAsequenceshasbeenachallengingtaskinbioinformatics.Particularlythecodingregionshavea3-baseperiodicity,whichformsthebasisofallexonidentificationmethods.Manysignalprocessingtoolsandtechniqueshavebeenappliedsuccessfullyfortheidentificationtaskbutstillimprovementinthisdirectionisneeded.Inthispaper,wehaveintroducedanewpromisingmodel-independenttime-frequencyfilteringtechniquebasedonS-transformforaccurateidentificationofthecodingregions.TheS-transformisapowerfullineartime-frequencyrepresentationusefulforfilteringintime-frequencydomain.Thepotentialoftheproposedtechniquehasbeenassessedthroughsimulationstudyandtheresultsobtainedhavebeencomparedwiththeexistingmethodsusingstandarddatasets.Thecomparativestudydemonstratesthattheproposedmethodoutperformsitscounterpartsinidentifyingthecodingregions.
简介:土豆psyllid,Bactericera(=Paratrioza)cockerelli(ulc)(半翅类:Triozidae),是土豆的一个主要害虫。研究被进行决定男性和女性在到达繁殖成熟和年龄的效果并且在性别吸引力上白天预定的年龄。成年B。cockerelli活动范围在48h以内的繁殖成熟羽化以后,与在1天在羽化和男性的日子是成熟的女性一起羽化以后。Oviposition通常在交配以后开始了2天,但是当女性们在2以内交配了天时,被推迟羽化以后。在实验室olfactometer试金,当气味来源和到这些气味的男性assayed的年龄没影响性别吸引力,女性的年龄使用了,与两个更年轻(14-day-old)并且更旧(810-day-old)男性们正在被吸引到女性,不管女年龄(14-day-old或810-day-old)。男性assayed到在不同时间的实时女性在光照发育阶段期间(在8:00和20:00小时之间)被吸引到在11:00和17:00小时之间的女性,与B在性别吸引力显示出时间的频率。cockerelli至少在光照发育阶段期间。
简介:植物病菌感染被关於生命、不能生活的因素经常在一块庄稼地里影响。褐的效果坏透臭虫,Euschistusservus(半翅类:Pentatomidae),在玉米的感染百分比种的普通浪妇(Ustilagomaydis)上喂并且种日期和采样时间被检验在2005和2006,和2010和2011分别地。布朗坏透在玉米混血儿“DKC6971”上喂的臭虫成年人当用3个处理检验了时,没在在2005和2006的flowering影响浪妇感染百分比(即,0成年人,5个成年人,和5个成年人与浪妇孢子混合了)。浪妇感染百分比were <3%(n = 12)在3个处理。在4每周的采样之中的浪妇感染百分比是一样,那么是在在处理之中的收获的自然黄麴毒素污染。第二实验证明那个种的日期没在2010或2011影响浪妇感染百分比。但是,从postflowering采样的浪妇感染百分比比两年里的preflowering采样大。浪妇感染百分比在2010,然而并非在2011在germplasm线之中变化了。这研究证明褐坏透臭虫在flowering喂没在玉米,和最好的时间在浪妇感染上有效果因为浪妇评估将在flowering以后。温度和降水可能也在实验被进行的4年期间影响了感染浪妇的玉米植物的百分比。开拓殖民地于核的U的类似。maydis和曲霉属菌flavus感染和遗传型×环境相互作用也被讨论。
简介:
简介:目的核酸序列依赖性扩增(nucleicacidsequence-basedamplification,NASBA)、Real-timePCR及GM试验在侵袭性曲霉菌感染中的诊断价值。方法收集2013年11月~2014年6月临床上曲霉菌感染高危病患的血液标本80例,并根据EORTC/MSG诊断标准分为确诊组8例,拟诊组26例,非感染组46例,分别利用NASBA、real-timePCR及GM试验进行检测,计算3种方法的诊断指标并分析评价。结果NASBA、real-timePCR及GM试验3种方法的灵敏度分别为76.47%、67.65%、52.94%,特异度分别为80.43%、89.13%、80.43%。联合诊断结果显示,NASBA与real-timePCR串联方案有最好的特异度(100%)及阳性预测值(100%);NASBA与real-timePCR并联方案则最为灵敏(94.12%)。结论NASBA用于诊断IA最为敏感,而real-timePCR则最为特异,GM试验的表现差于前两者。联合应用的诊断策略,在特定情况下提高临床早期诊断IA的准确性。
简介:Usingtwo-colourflowcytometry>200antibodiessubmittedtothe8thInternationalWorkshopofHumanLeukocyteDifferentiationAntigens(HLDA8)havebeenanalyzedfortheirreactivitywithrestingandactivatedCD203c+basophils.Fourantibodieseithernon-reactiveorweaklyreactivewithrestingbasophilsexhibitedanincreasedreactivitywithbasophilsactivatedbyanti-IgE-mediatedcross-linkingofthehighaffinityIgEreceptor(FcεRI).TheseincludeantibodiesagainstCD164(WS-80160,cloneN6B6andWS-80162,clone67D2),aswellastworeagentswithpreviouslyunknownspecificitiesthatwereidentifiedasCD13(WS-80274,cloneA8)andCD107a(WS-80280,cloneE63-880).Theactivationpatternsfollowedeitherthe'CD203c-like'or'CD63-like'activationprofile.TheCD203cprofileischaracterizedbyarapidandsignificantupregulation(ofCD13,CD164,andCD203c),reachingmaximumlevelsafter5-15minofstimulation.ThePhosphoinositide-3-kinase(PI3K)-specificinhibitorWortmannininhibitedtheupregulationofthesemarkerswhereas12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate(TPA)inducedarapidandFcεRI-independentupregulationwithin1-2min.IntheCD63profile,maximumupregulation(ofCD63andCD107a)wasdetectedonlyafter20-40min,andupregulationbyTPAreachedmaximumlevelsafter60min.Insummary,ourdataidentifyCD13,CD107a,andCD164asnovelbasophil-activationantigens.Basedontimekineticsofupregulation,wehypothesizethatmoleculesofthe'CD203cgroup'andthe'CD63group'arelinkedtotwodifferentmechanismsofbasophilactivation.