简介:Machiavelli further went on to question the loyalty of the citizens and advised the Prince that "...because men a wretched creatures who would not keep their word to you,Machiavelli believed a secular form of government to be a more realistic type. His views were to the benefit of the prince,in helping him maintain power rather than to serve to the well being of the citizens. Machiavelli promoted his belief by stating
简介:andthereductionofpublicandsocialexpenses.Economistsmaynotnecessarilysharetheeconomicandsocialinterestsofthetruebelieversandmayhaveavarietyofindividualpsychicstatesregardingtheeconomicandsocialeffectsoftheutopiawhichtheycloakwithmathematicalreason.Nevertheless,orbetteryetthesupranationalstate-aEuropeanstateonthewaytowardaworldstate-capableofeffectivelycontrollingandtaxingtheprofitsearnedinthefinancialmarketsand,onreservesofsocialcapitalthatprotectanentireportionofthepresentsocialorderfromfallingintoanomie.Thissocialcapitalisfatedtowitheraway-althoughnotintheshortrun-ifitisnotrenewedandreproduced.Butthesesameforcesof"conservation"
简介:Therearepowerfulpoliticalobstaclesbetweenpeople.Themainobstaclescomefromthesocialdemocraticmovement.IfwesucceedinovercomingtheseitwillleadtoagenuineThirdWaywhichwillbemuchmoreradical.Weneedtobuildtheleftoftheleft.Intheecologymovementyouhavepeoplewhoarereallyontheleft--evenamongtheCommunistParty,InFrancewehavethistraditionofworkerismwhichisanti-intellectual.Theunionsareveryhostiletointellectualsandtheintellectualsareverydistantfromworkers.In1968itwasveryvisible.NowforthefirsttimebecauseofthefailureofSovietMarxismwearefreefromthat.SoIcanspeakwithaCGTofficialasIamspeakingtoyou.Theyareveryopen.Inasenseintellectualslikemedidnotexist20yearsago.PeoplelikeSartreandFoucaultweresympathetictothemovement,Forcesotherthantheleftaretryingtogainahearing.SoweseetheHaiderphenomenoninAustria.Buthehasnotgoneunchallenged.TherecreationofatrueleftwingmovementwillbethemaininstrumentofthedestructionofHaider.NobodyspokeaboutLePenandtheNationalFrontinFranceduringthehotwinterof1995inFrance.ThemassmovementindefenceofpensionsinItalyalsomarginalisedthefarright.
简介:and the reduction of public and social expenses.Economists may not necessarily share the economic and social interests of the true believers and may have a variety of individual psychic states regarding the economic and social effects of the utopia which they cloak with mathematical reason. Nevertheless,or better yet the supranational state - a European state on the way toward a world state - capable of effectively controlling and taxing the profits earned in the financial markets and,on reserves of social capital that protect an entire portion of the present social order from falling into anomie. This social capital is fated to wither away - although not in the short run - if it is not renewed and reproduced.But these same forces of "conservation"