简介:AsoilpotcultureexperimentwithfoursuppliedPlevels(i.e.P30,P50,P100,P200,representingsupplementalP30,50,100,200mg/kg,respectively)wasconductedtoinvestigateuptakeanduseabilitytoPandZninthericegenotypeswithdifferentP-efficiency,ofwhichricegenotypes508,99011,580,99112werelow-Ptolerantand99056,99012werelow-Psensitive.Low-Ptolerantrice580and99011absorbedmorePthantheothers,andricegenotype580hadstrongeruptakeabilityespeciallyatlow-PlevelsuchasP50andP30.508couldabsorbconsiderableP,andhadthelowestPpercentageofshoot,indicatingithadgoodperformanceinP-useefficiency.ThesethreericegenotypeshadlargerbiomassandlessresponsetochangedPlevelthanricegenotype99112,99056and99012.Ricegenotype99112showedLow-Ptolerancemainlybysacrificingbiomasstomaintainhighrelativegrainyield.TheleastamountofPabsorbedby99056showedithadthelowestPuptakeefficiency,andthehighestPpercentageinshootof99012meantithadthelowestPuseefficiency.Sotheytwoshowedlow-Psensitivity.ZncontentsinshootunderP200,P100andP50weresimilar,butP30increasedZncontentinshootsignificantly.TheZncontentsinshootof99112,99056and99012werehigherthanthoseof508,99011and580,especiallyattilleringstageandbootingstage.AsfortotalZncontentinshoot,Low-Ptolerantricegenotype580hadthelargestamountandfollowedby99011and508,low-Ptolerantricegenotype99012hadthesmallestamountatthethreesamplingstageandfollowedby99056.Furthermore,P/Zninshootof99012wasthehighest,andthatof99056wasthesmallestatthesamePlevel.
简介:摘要 : 冠层光截获能力是反映作物品种间差异的重要功能性状,高通量表型冠层光截获对提高作物改良效率具有重要意义。本研究以小麦为研究目标,利用数字化植物表型平台( D3P)模拟生成了 100种冠层结构不同的小麦品种在 5个生育期的三维冠层场景,记录了从原始冠层结构中提取的绿色叶面积指数( GAI)、平均倾角( AIA)和散射光截获率( FIPARdif)信息作为真实值 ,进一步利用上述三维小麦场景开展了虚拟的激光雷达( LiDAR)模拟实验,生成了对应的三维点云数据。基于模拟的点云数据提取了其高度分位数特征( H)和绿色分数特征( GF)。最后,利用人工神经网络( ANN)算法分别构建了从不同 LiDAR点云特征( H、 GF和 H+GF)输入到 FIPARdif、 GAI和 AIA的反演模型。结果表明,对于 GAI、 AIA和 FIPARdif,预测精度从高到低对应的点云特征输入为 GF+H > H > GF。由此可见, H特征对提高目标表型特性的估算精度起到了重要作用。输入 GF + H特征,在中等测量噪音( 10%)情况下, FIPARdif和 GAI的估算均获得了满意精度, R2分别为 0.95和 0.98,而 AIA的估算精度( R2=0.20)还有待进一步提升。本研究基于 D3P模拟数据开展,算法的实际表现还有待通过田间数据进一步验证。尽管如此,本研究验证了 D3P协助表型算法开发的能力,展示了高通量 LiDAR数据在估算田间冠层光截获和冠层结构方面的较高潜力。
简介:ThehistoricaltransitionoftimberdistributionpatterninChinawaspresentedfirstlywithmainpartsoftimberflowsinChina,whichincludedtimbermarkets,timbertransportsystemandregulationsoftimbertransport.BasedontheoverviewontropicaltimberflowsinChina,thetradeflowsoftropicaltimberfromproductionandimportsoftropicaltimbertoexportoftropicaltimberproductswereanalyzedbyvividillustrations.Atthesametime,problemsintimbertradeflowsinChinawereanalysedintheend.
简介:※《广东省湿地资源及保护利用对策研究》软科学研究成果通过评审。由汕头市林科所主持完成的软科学研究项目《广东省湿地资源及保护利用对策研究》,于2004年12月21日,通过由省科技厅组织,市科技局主持的软科学研究成果评审。评审委员会由华南农业大学、广东省林科院、广东省林业调查规划院等单位的8位专家组成。评审委员会一致认为:该成果达到国内同类研究的先进水平,
简介:本文综述了在杀虫剂抗性中起重要作用的P450酶系研究的最新进展,内容包括:细胞色素P450酶系基因及其基因的表达与调控,P450介导抗性的分子基础。细胞色素P450表达表现出发育期,组织,品系特异性及可诱导性。P450表达的调控机制复杂,可能受顺式调控元件(如CYP6B1)或反式作用因子(如CYP6A1)或顺式,反式因子的共同调控(如CYP6D1),调控可能涉及转录增强的转录机制或mRNA稳定性增加的转录后机制。P450的超量表达是P450酶系介导抗性的主要机制,P450的氨基酸替换也可能在杀虫剂抗性中起作用。
简介:AdsorptionofCr(VI)andp-chloroanilineonthreetypicalsoilcolloidsandpHinfluencewerestudiedusingbatchequilibriummethod.BothofCr(VI)andp-chloroanilineadsorptiononthecolloidscouldbewelldescribedbygeneraladsorptionsimulationequations,TheadsorptionprocesseschangedwithmediapH.WhenCr(VI)andp-chloroanilinecoexistedonsoilcolloids,theirinteractionscouldbeobservedinacertainpHrangetobeaccompaniedwithCr(VI)reduction,whichclearlysuggestedthatasurfacecatalyticreactionoccurredinthissystem.SoilcolloidactedasaneffcientcatalystfortheinteractionofCr(VI)andp-chloroaniline.ThepHvaluesatwhichnointeractionwasobservedwere4.0,4.5and5.0forthecolloidsofindigoticblacksoil,yellow-brownsoilandlatosol,respectively,Capillaryelectrophoresisusedtoanalyzep-chloroanilineprovidedahighseparationefficiencyandshortseparationtime,andneedednomoreextensivepretreatmentofsamples.
简介:Inaviewofnaturalconditionsofestablishingnaturereserve,anindexsystemwaspreparedforquantitativeassessmentonstatusofendangeredspecies,andthusdegreeofendangeredspeciesinTibetwasevaluated.Takingasub-ecozoneasbasicunit,top5animalsand1plantwithhighEaswellasthenumberofspeciesineachunitwereenumerated;andthedegreeoflandutilizationwasfiguredout.Afterward,weselected6coefficients,assignedweight,andframedformulatoreckonproportionofnaturereserve,thusanareaofnaturereserveineachsub-ecozonewasobtained.In5schemesofweightassignment,aschemewithmediumareaofnaturereservewasselected.Allsub-ecozoneswereclassifiedinto4gradespriorconservation,1wasingradeA,2ingradeB,2ingradeC,and11ingradeD.Totalplannedareawasapproximately365135km2,about48834km2smallerthantheactualareaof413969km2,ratioofnaturereserveinTibetdiminishesfrom34.4%to30.38%.Basedon3factorsofhumandisturbance,ratioofbuffer-experimentalzoneinproposednaturereservewascalculated.Itwasdemonstratedthatexistingsizeofnaturereservesisexcessiveonthewhole,andtheirdistributionisnotreasonableentirely.Thesizeofnaturereservesin3sub-ecozonesofnorthernChangtangshoulddecrease,anddecrementofareaisapportionedamongother13sub-ecozoneswhichshouldincreasenaturereserve.HeterogeneityofregionaldistributionofrarespeciesinTibetisquiteobvious,soproposedareadistributionofnaturereservesismorescatteredthantheexisting.
简介:通过对不同发育时期敏感和抗阿维菌素小菜蛾品系细胞色素P450含量的测定,以及使用不同模式底物对P450单加氧酶活性的比较研究发现:除成虫期外,不同发育时期抗性品系小菜蛾中P450和细胞色素b5的含量都高于敏感品系;抗性品系还原型辅酶Ⅱ(NADPH)-细胞色素P450还原酶活性是敏感品系的1.97倍;同时发现抗性品系中甲氧试卤灵-O-脱甲基酶(MROD)、乙氧试卤灵-O-脱乙基酶(EROD)、乙氧基香豆素-O-脱乙基酶(ECOD)以及对硝基苯甲醚-O-脱甲基酶(PNOD)的活性均明显高于敏感品系,分别为敏感品系的9.41、4.15、1.67和2.94倍.研究结果表明,细胞色素P450含量和单加氧酶活性的增高是小菜蛾对阿维菌素产生抗性的一个重要机制.