简介:让我是积极合理数字的间隔。然后集合S(I)=T鈭??在T是submonoid的地方?0+,+)由T产生了,是数字semigroup。这些数字semigroups被叫按比例模块化并且能作为形式斧子的Diophantine不平等的整数答案的集合被描绘现代派的b鈮?cx。在这份报纸,我们在我使遭到到S(I)有的条件的最大的间隔的学习感兴趣给定的复合。我们也描绘与这些最大的间隔联系的数字semigroups。关键词数字semigroup-Diophantine不平等-复合-Frobenius数字先生(2000)题目分类11D75-11D04-第一写作的20M14被工程MTM2004-01446和FEDER资金支持;纸被Luso-Espanhola行动HP2004-0056支持
简介:Theauthorsconsiderafamilyoffinite-dimensionalLiesuperalgebrasofO-typeoveranalgebraicallyclosedfieldofcharacteristicp>3.ItisprovedthattheLiesuperalgebrasof■-typearesimpleandthespanningsetsaredetermined.ThenthespanningsetsareemployedtocharacterizethesuperderivationalgebrasoftheseLiesuperalgebras.Finally,theassociativeformsarediscussedandacomparisonismadebetweentheseLiesuperalgebrasandothersimpleLiesuperalgebrasofCartantype.
简介:Fishesarefamousfortheirabilitytopositionthemselvesaccuratelyeveninturbulentflows.Thisabilityistheresultofthecoordinatedmovementoffinswhichextendfromthebody.Wehaveembarkedonaresearchprogramdesignedtodevelopanagileandhighefficientbiologicallyinspiredroboticfishbasedontheperformanceofhybridmechanicalfins.Toaccomplishthisgoal,amechanicalray-likefinactuatedbyShapeMemoryAlloy(SMA)isdeveloped,whichcanrealizebothoscillatorylocomotionandundulatorylocomotion.Wefirstgiveabriefintroductiononthemechanicalstructureofourfinandthencarryouttheoreticanalysisonforcegeneration.DetailedinformationofthesetheoreticalresultsislaterrevealedbyComputationalFluidDynamic(CFD),andisfinalvalidatedbyexperiments.Thisroboticfinhaspotentialapplicationasapropulsorforfutureunderwatervehiclesinadditiontobeingavaluablescientificinstrument.
简介:Biomimeticdesignemploystheprinciplesofnaturetosolveengineeringproblems.Suchdesignswhicharehopedtobequick,efficient,robust,andversatile,havetakenadvantageofoptimizationvianaturalselection.Inthepresentresearch,anenvironment-friendlypropulsionsystemmimickingundulatingfinsofstingraywasbuilt.Anon-conventionalmethodwasconsideredtomodeltheflexibilityofthefinsofstingray.Atwo-degree-of-freedommechanismcomprisedofseverallinkageswasdesignedandconstructedtomimictheactualflexiblefin.Thedrivinglinkageswereusedtoformamechanicalfincon-sistingofseveralfinsegments,whichareabletoproduceundulations,similartothoseproducedbytheactualfins.Owingtothemodularityofthedesignofthemechanicalfin,variousundulatingpatternscanberealized.Somequalitativeobservations,obtainedbyexperiments,predictedthatthethrustsproducedbythemechanicalfinaredifferentamongvariousundulatingpatterns.Tofullyunderstandthisexperimentalphenomenonisveryimportantforbetterperformanceandenergysavingforourbioroboticunderwaterpropulsionsystem.Here,fourbasicundulatingpatternsofthemechanicalfinwereperformedusingtwo-dimensionalunsteadycomputationalfluiddynamics(CFD)method.Anunstructured,grid-based,unsteadyNavier-Stokessolverwithautomaticadaptivere-meshingwasusedtocomputetheunsteadyflowaroundthefinthroughtwentycompletecycles.Thepressuredistributiononfinsurfacewascomputedandintegratedtoprovidefinforceswhichweredecomposedintoliftandthrust.Thepressureforceandfrictionforcewerealsocomputedthroughouttheswimmingcycle.Finally,vortexcontourmapsofthesefourbasicfinundulatingpatternsweredisplayedandcompared.
简介:Modularinversearithmeticplaysanimportantroleinellipticcurvecryptography.BasedontheanalysisofMontgomerymodularinversionalgorithm,thispaperpresentsanewdual-fieldmodularinversionalgorithm,andanovelscalableandunifiedarchitectureforMontgomeryinversehardwareinfinitefieldsGF(p)andGF(2n)isproposed.Furthermore,thisarchitecturebasedonthenewmodularinversionalgorithmhasbeenverifiedbymodelingitinVerilog-HDL,andaccomplisheditunder0.18μmCMOStechnology.Theresultindicatesthatourworkhasbetterperformanceandflexibilitythanotherworks.
简介:Bystudyingmodularinvariancepropertiesofsomecharacteristicforms,wegetsomegen-eralizedanomalycancellationformulason(4r-1)-dimensionalmanifoldswithnoassumptionthatthe3rdde-Rhamcohomologyofmanifoldsvanishes.Theseanomalycancellationformulasgeneralizeourpreviousanomalycancellationformulason(4r-1)-dimensionalmanifolds.Wealsogeneralizeourpreviousanomalycancellationformulason(4r-1)-dimensionalmanifoldsandtheHauYurigiditytheoremtothe(a,b)case.
简介:这篇散文在软事工程为分子的设计在一条合理、模块化的途径的发展讨论一些初步的想法并且为先进功能的材料建议结构、功能的synthons的想法。它回应由练习的材料染色体行动一试验制动火箭功能的分析RFA计划。在把分子的功能变成并且放大宏观的性质的层次结构的重要性被认出并且强调。根据在最后的材料的分子的片断的角色,有积木的二种类型:结构的synthon和功能的synthon。为需要的功能由特定的结构指导了,这些synthons能模块化地以构造分子的脚手架的各种各样的方法被联合。详细分子的结构然后精确并且模块化地被推出,设计并且综合。当装配结构和性质可以从原来的设计背离时,学习可以向目标功能允许分子的设计的进一步的精炼。策略在软fullerene材料和另外的巨大的分子的发展被使用了。有一些方面,很好还没被探讨:1功能和结构不是充分decoupled并且2装配层次结构越过不同长度规模对第二等的相互作用和分子的几何学敏感。不过,RFA途径由从化学和物理与考虑挑起创造性提供一个起点和一条其他的想小径。这为与超分子的格子形成设计软事是特别地有用的,作为在巨大的分子,在synthons相对独立于对方的地方。
简介:Softsettheoryhasarichpotentialapplicationinseveralfields.Asoftgroupisaparameterizedfamilyofsubgroupsandafuzzysoftgroupisaparameterizedfamilyoffuzzysubgroups.Theconceptoffuzzysoftgroupisthegeneralizationofsoftgroup.AbdulkadirAygunogluandHalisAygunintroducedthenotionoffuzzysoftgroupsin2009[1].Inthispaper,theconceptoflatticeorderedfuzzysoftgroupsanditsdualityhasbeenintroduced.Thendistributiveandmodularlatticeorderedfuzzysoftgroupsareanalysed.Theobjectiveofthispaperistostudythelatticetheoryoverthecollectionoffuzzysoftgroupinaparametricmanner.Somepertinentpropertieshavebeenanalysedandhenceestablisheddualityprinciple.
简介:Amultipurposecloneplantspecies,Hippophaerhamniodeshasthecapacityforindefinitelongevity,althoughundersuccessivedroughtstressitmayoftendeclineordieacrosslargeareas.Fieldtrialswereconductedover2yearstoexaminetheeffectsofvariedirrigationintensitiesonmodulargrowthandclonalpropagationinasemi-aridarea.Irrigationlevelsincludedacontrol,aswellastwo,fourandsixtimesthevolumeofwaterthatwastypicallyreceivedvialocalannualaverageprecipitation.Irrigationintensitysignificantlyinfluencedclonalpropagationcapacity(numberofdaughterramets),abovegroundmodulargrowth(height,basediameter,andcrownwidth),belowgroundmodulargrowthincludedrootnoduledryweight,stretchingcapacityoflateralroots(lengthofthelongestlateralroots,anddiameteroffirstgradelateralroots),andbranchingintensityoflateralroots(numberoflateralrootsbifurcationgrade,numberoffirstgradelateralroots).Themodulargrowthandthedensityofdaughterrametsweresmallundernon-irrigationorlowirrigation,andbecamelargerwithincreasedirrigationintensity.Beyondacertainthreshold,however,furtherincreasesinirrigationintensityresultedinareversiontothedevelopment.Theoptimalirrigationintensitiesforgrowthandpropagationwere3.48–5.29timesthevolumeofnominallocalannualaverageprecipitation.Therewereeffectsofirrigationintensitiesonthepositivesignificantcorrelationsbetweenabovegroundandbelowgroundmodulargrowths,andonclonalpropagationcapacities.Undervariouswatertreatments,H.rhamnoidesmayadapttotheenvironmentthroughtheregulationofgrowthandpropagation.WeconcludedthatwatershortagesacttoweakenthegrowthandpropagationofH.rhamniodesplantations.
简介:Thedynamicshearmodulusratioanddampingratioofsandygravelareimportantparametersfortheseismicresponseanalysisofvalleygeomorphicsites,whichhaveanimportantimpactonthedeterminationofdesigngroundmotionparameters.Inthispaper,thedynamictriaxialtestofsandygravelshasbeenperformedbasedontheprojectoftheShangluoSeismicMicrozonation.Combinedwiththeotherresultsofsandygravel,therecommendedresultsofslightlydense,mediumdenseanddensesandygravelwereobtained.Bybuildingthetypicalsitemodel,theinfluenceofthedynamicshearmodulusratioandthedampingratiouncertaintyontheseismicresponseofthesiteisstudied.Theresultsshowthattheuncertaintyoftheaverageofthedynamicshearmodulusratioandthedampingratio±1timesthestandarddeviationhaslittleeffectonthepeakaccelerationofthesandygravelsite,andtherationalityofthegroupingandstatisticalresultsisexplained.Underdifferentprobabilitylevels,thechangeintheshearmodulusratioanddampingratioleadstoasignificantdifferenceinthehighfrequencyresponsespectrum.Theresponsespectrumof0.04-0.1srangesfromabout20%,butithaslittleeffectonthelongperiodspectrumofmorethan1.0s.Thestudyofdynamicshearmodulusratioanddampingratioofsandygravelhastheabilitytoimprovethereliabilityofthedesigninggroundmotionparameters.
简介:Tosolvetheexistingproblemsduringtheceramicmoldenterprisesproductdesignanddevelopmentprocess,thevariablestructureparametricdesignsystembasedonmodularofceramicmoldhasbeendeveloped.Thesystemusestheobject-orientedtechnologyandtop-downdesignconceptasaguide,establishesaceramicmoldparametricdesignprocess,dividestheprocessofceramicmolddesignintomodulesofdifferentlevelsandcreatesacomponentmodellibrarybasedonthefunctionalanalysis.Expandingmodularthinkingtopartsstructuredesignlevelisaneffectivesolutiontothedifficultyofchangingthestructureduringtheproductdesignprocess.Examplesshowthatthesystemcanachieveaceramicmoldproductdesign,improvedesignefficiency.
简介:ThispaperpresentsthebehavioranalysisofmodularmultilevelconverterunderDCpole-to-poleshort-circuitfault,whichisanimportantissueinfaultmanagement,electricalsystemdesignandMMCbasedpowersystemprotectionandcontrol.Firstly,thetransientbehaviorisanalyzedandtheconductionoverlappingangleγisdefined.Secondly,sevenpossibleshort-circuitcurrentpathsinducedbydifferentγvaluesareidentified,andthecorrespondingengineeringshort-circuitcurrentcalculationmethodsforbothACandDCsidesareproposed.Andthen,theinfluencesofimpedancedistributionfactorkandequivalentshort-circuitresistanceRSConshort-circuitcurrentsareelaborated.Finally,casestudyisusedtoverifytheeffectivenessoftheproposedanalysismethods.
简介:Steelproductionremainsanenergy-intensiveindustryinaworldwherethereisanever-increasingemphasisonloweringenergycosts,reducinggreenhousegasemissions,ensuringenvironmentalcompliance,andimprovingproductionrates.Asthegrowthindemandforspecialitysteelscontinuesitssteadyincrease,andnewmarketopportunitiesforeverhighersteelperformanceappear,significantglobalattentionisfocusedonsecondarysteelprocessing,andontheVD,VODandRHprocesses.Onenewtechnologyisabletoaddressalloftheseissuesandconcernstogether-theintegratedladletankvacuumdegassingstationequippedwiththenewmodularmechanicalvacuumpumpingsystems.Thispaperwillexaminetheeconomicandenvironmentalbenefits,operationalcharacteristics,andrecentresultsprovidedbysuchsteeldegassinginstallations.