简介：Objective:TodeterminewhetherInterferon-alpha-2b(IFN-α2b)canmodulatetheautophagicresponseinhepatocellularcarcinomacells.Methods:HepatocellularcarcinomacellsweretreatedwithIFN-α2b.Autophagywasassessedbyacridineorangestaining,GFP-LC3dottedassay,transmissionelectronmicroscopyandimmunoblotting.Results:AcridineorangestainingshowedthatIFN-α2btriggeredtheaccumulationofacidicvesicularandautolysosomesinHepG2cells.TheacridineorangeHepG2cellratioswere(4.3±1.0)%,(6.9±1.4)%,and(13.1±2.3)%,respectively,aftertreatmentwith100,1,000,and10,000IU/mLIFN-α2bfor48h.AmarkedlypunctatepatternwasobservedinHepG2cellstreatedwith10,000IU/mLIFN-α2bfor48h,butonlydiffuseandweaklyfluorescentGFP-LC3punctawasobservedincontrolcells.HepG2cellstreatedwith10,000IU/mLIFN-α2bfor48hdevelopedautophagosome-likecharacteristics,includingsingle-ordouble-membranevacuolescontainingintactanddegradedcellulardebris.TheBeclin1andLC3-IIproteinexpressionwasup-regulatedbyIFN-α2btreatment.Conclusion:Autophagycanbeinducedinadose-dependentmannerbytreatmentwithIFN-α2binHepG2cells,andtheBeclin1signalingpathwaywasstimulatedbyIFN-α2b.

简介：Objective:TheexpressionofB-celllymphoma2(Bcl-2)seemstobeinfluencedbytheendocrineenvironment.NumerousreportsdemonstratethediverseexpressionofBcl-2familymembersundersexsteroidregulation.Withtheexceptionofestrogen-relatedtumors,androgen-relatedtumorshaveshowntheircharacteristicsinBcl-2expression.Inthisstudy,thestatusofBcl-2expressioninmalehepatocellularcarcinoma(HCC)patientswasexaminedtoverifythehighincidenceofHCCinmales.Methods:TumortissuemicroarraywasusedtoexamineBcl-2expressionlevelsin374HCCcasesincluding306malesand68females.Kaplan-Meiermethod,log-ranktest,andCoxproportionalhazardsmodelwereappliedtoinvestigatethepredictivevalueofBcl-2inHCCpatients.Results:ImmunohistochemistryanalysisshowedthatmalepatientswithhigherBcl-2levelshadsignificantlylongermediansurvivaltimeandrecurrencetimethanthosewithlowerlevels.However,nosignificantdifferencesinoutcomeswerefoundbetweendifferentBcl-2levelsinfemalepatients.Whenthemalepatientswerestratifiedintoseveralagepoints,thelevelofBcl-2expressionshowedpoorerpredictiveefficiencyinthe45–49and55–60agegroupsinandropause-agepatientscomparedwithotheragegroups.Bcl-2wasanindependentprognosticfactorforbothoverallsurvival(P<0.0001)andrecurrencetime(P=0.0001)inmalepatients.Afterexcludingmalepatientsinthe45–60agegroup,thepredictiveefficiencywasenhanced(n=147,OS,P=0.0002,TTR,P<0.0001).Conclusions:Bcl-2expressionisanindependentpredictorofsurvivalandrecurrenceinmaleHCC.Bcl-2levelsmayalsoberegulatedbyandrogensorandrogenreceptorsinmaleHCCpatients.Bcl-2levelschangeandexhibitpoorpredictiveefficiencywhenandrogenlevelsvarydramatically(andropauseage).

简介：调查瘤的目的淋巴的联系转移的基因；它的分子的机制。方法22690鼠标染色体cDNA微数组(包括14500知道基因；4371EST)被用来比较；分析老鼠肝细胞癌房间线Hca-F(高度淋巴的转移潜力)的基因表示侧面；Hca-P(低潜力)。结果901基因；129EST至少是起来调整的在Hca-F的2褶层房间。在表示显示出重要改变的33基因被介绍，包括endoglin(EDG)，MCAM，Cdc42ep5，F2r，D7Ertd458e，Serpinh1(HSP47)，AXL，Areg；那么上。这些基因有血管生成的函数，房间粘附，信号转导变异，房间活动性，女伴活动，蛋白质激酶活动；受体绑定。微数组与淋巴的转移模型相结合的结论cDNA可能贡献新方法；淋巴的转移研究的瘤的线索。在表示基因上的一些可能提供新奇线索给瘤的分子的机制淋巴的转移。

简介：Objective:Spontaneoushepatocellularcarcinoma(HCC)rupturecanbefatal,andhepaticresectioncouldachieveafavorablelong-termsurvivalamongallstrategiesoftumorrupture.However,thereisnoavailableprognosticscoringsystemforpatientswithrupturedHCCwhounderwentpartialhepatectomy.Methods:FromJanuary2005toMay2015,129patientswithspontaneousHCCruptureunderwentpartialhepatectomy.Preoperativeclinicaldatawerecollectedandanalyzed.Independentriskfactorsaffectingoverallsurvival(OS)wereusedtodevelopthenewscoringsystem.Harrell'sCstatistics,Akaikeinformationcriterion(AIC),therelativelikelihood,andtheloglikelihoodratiowerecalculatedtomeasurethehomogeneityanddiscriminatoryabilityofaprognosticsystem.Results:InthemultivariableCoxregressionanalysis,threefactors,includingtumorsize,preoperativeα-fetoproteinlevel,andalkalinephosphataselevel,werechosenforthenewtumor-associatedantigen(TAA)prognosticscoringsystem.The1-yearOSrateswere88.1%,43.2%,and30.2%forTAAscoresof0-5points(low-riskgroup),6-9points(moderate-riskgroup),and10-13points(high-riskgroup),respectively.TheTAAscoringsystemhadsuperiorhomogeneityanddiscriminatoryability(Harrell'sCstatistics,0.693vs.0.627and0.634;AIC,794.79vs.817.23and820.16;relativelikelihood,both<0.001;andloglikelihoodratio,45.21vs.22.77and21.84)thantheBarcelonaClinicLiverCancerstagingsystemandtheCanceroftheLiverItalianPrograminpredictingOS.Similarresultswerefoundwhilepredictingdisease-freesurvival(DFS).Conclusions:ThenewprognosticscoringsystemissimpleandeffectiveinpredictingbothOSandDFSofpatientswithspontaneousrupturedHCC.

简介：Hepatocellularcarcinoma(HCC)isoneofthemostdeadlyhumancancers,butitisverydifficulttoestablishananimalmodelbyusingsurgicalspecimens.Inthepresentexperiment,histologicallyintactfreshsurgicalspecimensofHCCweresubcutaneouslytransplantedinnon-obesediabetic/severecombinedimmunodeficienccy(NOD/SCID)mice.Thebiologicalcharacteristicsoftheoriginalandthecorrespondingtransplantedtumorsandcelllineswereinvestigated.Theresultsshowedthat5newanimalmodelsand2primarycelllinesweresuccessfullyestablishedfromsurgicalspecimens.Hematoxylin-eosinstainingshowedthatxenograftsretainedmajorhistologicalfeaturesoftheoriginalsurgicalspecimens.Thetwonewcelllineshadbeencultivatedfor3yearsandsuccessivelypassagedformorethan100passagesinvitro.Themorphologicalcharacteristicsandbiologicfeaturesofthetwocelllinesweregeneticallysimilartotheoriginaltumor.Thesubcutaneoustransplantanimalmodelswithhistologicallyintacttumortissueandprimarycelllinescouldbeusefulforinvivoandinvitrotestingofanti-cancerdrugsandbeidealmodelstostudyvariousbiologicfeaturesofHCC.

简介：

简介：Objective:Multiplemechanismsunderlyingthedevelopmentofportalveintumorthrombus(PVTT)inhepatocellularcarcinoma(HCC)havebeenreportedrecently.However,theoriginsofPVTTremainunknown.Increasingmulti-omicsdataonPVTTsinHCCshavemadeitpossibletoinvestigatewhetherPVTTsoriginatefromthecorrespondingprimarytumors(Ts).Methods:TheclonalrelationshipbetweenPVTTsandtheircorrespondingprimaryTswasinvestigatedusingdatasetsdepositedinpublicdatabases.OneDNAcopynumbervariationsdatasetandthreegeneexpressiondatasetsweredownloadedfortheanalyses.ClonalityanalysiswasperformedtoinvestigatetheclonalrelationshipbetweenPVTTsandTsfromanindividualpatient.DifferentialgeneexpressionanalysiswasappliedtoinvestigatethegeneexpressionprofilesofPVTTsandTs.Results:Oneoutof19PVTTshadnoclonalrelationshipwithitscorrespondingT,whereastheothersdid.ThePVTTswithindependentclonaloriginshoweddifferentgeneexpressionandenrichmentinbiologicalprocessesfromtheprimaryTs.Basedontheuniquegeneexpressionprofiles,agenesignatureincluding24geneswasusedtoidentifypairsofPVTTsandprimaryTswithoutanyclonalrelationship.ValidationinthreedatasetsshowedthatthesetypesofpairsofPVTTsandTscanbeidentifiedbythe24-genesignature.Conclusions:OurfindingsshowadirectevidenceforPVTToriginandconsolidatetheheterogeneityofPVTTsobservedinclinic.TheresultssuggestthatPVTTinvestigationatamolecularlevelisclinicallynecessaryfordiagnosisandtreatment.

简介：

简介：Objective:TheaimofthepresentstudywastoinvestigateantioxidantandtheanticancerigenactivityofamethanolextractfromArtemisiaprincepsvar.orientalis(APME),awell-knowntraditionalherbalmedicineinAsia,inhepatocellularcancercells.Methods:ToevaluatetheantioxidantactivityofAPME,reactiveoxygenspecies(ROS)andtheantioxidantenzymes,superoxidedismutase(SOD)andcatalasewereinvestigatedinHepG2cellsexposedtoAPME(5,100,and200μg/mL)for72h.Then,toevaluatetheanticanceractivityofAPME,weinvestigatedtheproliferationandapoptosisinductionofHepG2andHep3BcellsexposedtoAPME(1-200μg/mL)for24,48,and72h.Results:APMEdose-dependentlyreducedthegenerationofROSinthepresenceofH2O2comparedwithcontrolcells.Furthermore,itincreasedcatalaseandSODactivity.Moreover,APMEinhibitedcellproliferationinadose-andtime-dependentmanner,butatconcentrationslowerthan100μg/mL,theinhibitionwaslessdose-dependentthantime-dependent.HepG2andHep3Bcellsexposedto5,100,and200μg/mLAPMEfor72hunderwentcellcyclearrestandapoptosis.ExposuretoAPMEresultedinasignificantincreaseinthenumberofcellsinG1phaseandadecreaseintheG2/Mphasecellpopulation.Inaddition,APMEinducedP53expressionofHepG2cellsinadose-dependentmanner,andplayedaroleinthedownregulationofBcl-2andupregulationofBaxinbothHepG2andHep3Bcells.Conclusions:TheseresultsindicatethepotentialroleofAPMEasanantioxidantandanticancerigenagentinhepatocarcinomacelllines.

简介：Objectiveandbackground:Althoughp21rashasbeenreportedtobeupregulatedinhepatocellularcarcinomacomplicatingchronichepatitisCtypeI,p21rashasadifferentroleinadvancedstages,asithasbeenfoundtobedownregulated.Thegoalofthisstudywastoinvestigatethestatusofp21rasinearly-stage/low-gradeandlate-stage/high-gradehepatocellularcarcinomaanditspossiblelinktoapoptosis.Materialandmethods:Thirty-fivecaseseachofchronicHCVhepatitistype4(groupI)andcirrhosiswithhepatocellularcarcinoma(HCC)complicatingchronicHCVhepatitis(groupsIIandIII)wereimmunohistochemicallyevaluatedusingap21raspolyclonalantibody.Theapoptoticindexwasdeterminedinhistologicsectionsusingtheterminaldeoxynucleotidyltransferase-mediatedd-UTPbiotinnickendlabeling(TUNEL)assay.Results:Significantdifferences(P=0.001)weredetectedinp21rasproteinexpressionbetweenthethreegroups.Anear2-foldincreaseinp21rasstainingwasobservedinthecirrhoticcasescomparedtothehepatitiscases,andp21rasexpressionwasdecreasedintheHCCgroup.p21rasexpressioncorrelatedwithstage(r=0.64,P=0.001)andgrade(r=-0.65,P=0.001)intheHCCgroupandgradeintheHCVgroup(r=0.44,P=0.008).Bothp21rasexpressionandTUNEL-LIweresignificantlylowerinlargeHCCscomparedtosmallHCCs(P=0.01each).TheTUNELvalueswerenegativelycorrelatedwithstageintheHCCgroup(r=-0.85,P=0.001).TheTUNELvalueswerealsonegativelycorrelatedwithgradeinboththeHCVandHCCgroups(r=0.89,P=0.001andr=-0.53,P=0.001,respectively).Thep21rasscoresweresignificantlycorrelatedwiththeTUNEL-LIvaluesintheHCCgroup(r=0.63,P=0.001)andHCVgroup(r=0.88,P=0.001).Conclusions:p21rasactsasaninitiatorinHCCcomplicatingtype4chronicHCVandisdownregulatedwithHCCprogression,whichmostlikelypromotestumorcellsurvivalbecauseitfacilitatesthedownregulationofapoptosiswithtumorprogression.

简介：ＣＬＩＮＩＣＯＰＡＴＨＯＬＯＧＩＣＦＥＡＴＵＲＥＳＡＮＤＤＩＡＧＮＯＳＩＳＯＦＣＯＭＢＩＮＥＤＨＥＰＡＴＯＣＥＬＬＵＬＡＲＡＮＤＣＨＯＬＡＮＧＩＯＣＡＲＣＩＮＯＭＡＬｕＪｉａｎｐｉｎｇ路建平；ＣａｉＷｅｉｍｉｎ蔡为民；ＨａｙａｓｈｉＫｅｉｋｉ１林肇辉...

简介：

简介：Nasopharyngealcarcinoma(NPC)isacommonheadandneckmalignancy.TheincidenceofNPCishigherinSouthernChinaandSoutheastAsiacomparedwithWesterncountries.Givenitshighradiosensitivity,thestandardtreatmentforNPCisradiotherapy.However,radioresistanceremainsaseriousobstacletosuccessfultreatment.Radioresistancecancauselocalrecurrenceanddistantmetastasesinsomepatientsaftertreatmentbyradiation.Thus,specialemphasishasbeengiventothediscoveryofeffectiveradiosensitizers.Thisreviewaimstodiscussthebiomarkers,classifiedaccordingtothemainmechanismsofradiosensitization,whichcanenhancethesensitivityofNPCcellstoionizingradiation.

简介：客观：复制错误(RER)与colorectal癌(CRC)的开始和开发有关。调查RER+和RER的不同生物行为？CRC。方法：染色PCR单个的海滨符合构造多型性(PCR-SSCP)和使中毒的polyacrylamide胶化电气泳动方法的银被用来在染色体2上在4loci检测microsatellite不稳定性(MSI)，5，17在60colorectal癌(CRC)和他们的配对的正常组织的嵌入石蜡的标本。如果，RER+被获得2或更多的loci作为获得额外的乐队表现了。结果：结果证明RER+在19/60CRC，7个案例在之中有家庭历史被发现。根据阿姆斯特丹的标准，4作为世袭nonpolyposiscolorectal癌症(HNPCC)被诊断，并且哪个3个案例是RER+。在HNPCC(75%)的比率RER+在分散的CRC(28.5%)之中比那显著地高。大多数RER+CRC有糟糕区分的腺癌的特征(P<0.01)，包含冒号的右边的趋势(P<0.05)，有家庭历史的一个更高的比例(P<0.05)，Ducke的A和B阶段(P<0.05)。结论：结果显示RER+是在CRC的一个相对普通的分子的事件。在RER+和RER之间有不同clinico病理学的特征和行为吗？CPC。

简介：Colorectalcarcinoma(CRC)isacommoncauseofmorbidityandmortalityworldwide.TwopathogenicpathwaysareinvolvedinthedevelopmentofadenomatoCRC.ThefirstpathwayinvolvesAPC/β-catenincharacterizedbychromosomalinstabilityresultingintheaccumulationofmutations.ThesecondpathwayischaracterizedbylesionsinDNAmismatchrepairgenes.AberrantDNAmethylationinselectedgenepromotershasemergedasanewepigeneticpathwayinCRCdevelopment.CRCscreeningisthemostefficientstrategytoreducedeath.SpecificDNAmethylationeventsoccurinmultistepcarcinogenesis.EpigeneticgenesilencingisacausativefactorofCRCdevelopment.DNAmethylationshavebeenextensivelyexaminedinstoolfromCRCandprecursorlesions.ManymethylatedgeneshavebeendescribedinCRCandadenoma,althoughnodefiniteDNAmethylationbiomarkerspanelhasbeenestablished.MultipleDNAmethylationbiomarkers,includingsecretedfrizzled-relatedprotein2,secretedfrizzled-relatedprotein1,tissuefactorpathwayinhibitor2,vimentin,andmethylguanineDNAmethyltransferase,havebeenfurtherinvestigated,andobservationshaverevealedthatDNAmethylationbiomarkersexhibitwithhighsensitivityandspecificity.ThesemarkersmayalsobeusedtodiagnoseCRCandadenomainearlystages.Realtimepolymerasechainreaction(qPCR)issensitive,scalable,specific,reliable,timesaving,andcosteffective.Stoolexfoliatedmarkersprovideadvantages,includingsensitivityandspecificity.AstoolqPCRmethylationtestmayalsobeanenhancedtoolforCRCandadenomascreening.

简介：Althoughthyroidcarcinomaisarelativelycommonformofmalignancy,metastaticspreadtotheskullisrare.Here,wereportacaseofpapillarythyroidcarcinomawithfrontalandparietalmetastasis.A61-year-oldChinesewomanpresentedwithaoneyearhistoryofagrowingmassonthecenterofthefrontalandparietalbone,initiallythoughttobemeningioma.Biopsyoftheskullbasemassafterintracalvariumexcision,indicatedatumorofthyroidorigin.Onemonthlaterthepatientunderwentatotalthyroidectomy.Pathologicalexaminationconfirmedadiagnosisofpapillarythyroidcarcinomawithfrontalandparietalbonemetastasis.Basedonthisexperience,thekeytosuccessfulmanagementoftheskullmetastasisofthyroidcarcinomaispromptdiagnosisandappropriatetreatment.Skullmetastasisshouldbeconsideredattheoutsetoftheclinicalcourseofpapillarythyroidcancer.Tofacilitatethis,patientsshouldbemeticulouslyinvestigatedbyamultidisciplinaryteamtoimprovequalityoflife.

简介：ＡＣＡＳＥＲＥＰＯＲＴＯＦＰＲＩＭＡＲＹＳＱＵＡＭＯＵＳＣＡＲＣＩＮＯＭＡＯＦＴＨＥＥＮＤＯＭＥＴＲＩＵＭＨｅＷｅｎｃｕｉ何文翠；ＷｕＪｉｎｇ吴静；ＣｈａｎｇＪｉｅ唱捷；（ＴｈｅＳｅｃｏｎｄＡｆｆｉｌｉａｔｅｄＨｏｓｐｉｔａｌ，Ｘｉ’ａｎＭｅｄｉｃａ...

简介：ＭＲＩＦＥＡＴＵＲＥＳＡＮＤＲＥＳＥＣＴＡＢＩＬＩＴＹＰＲＥＤＩＴＩＯＮＯＦＥＳＯＰＨＡＧＥＡＬＣＡＲＣＩＮＯＭＡＫｏｎｇＸｉａｎｇｑｕａｎ孔祥泉Ｌｕｏｈａｎｃｈａｏ罗汉超ＰｅｎｇＺｈｅｎｊｕｎ彭振军ＬｉｕＤｉｎｇｘｉ刘定西ＤｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔｏｆＲ...

简介：客观：学习在胸方法的ductalcarcinomainsitu的作为一个预示的因素的组织学的分级的意义：根据凡·奈鈥檚分类，胸的ductalcarcinomainsitu(DCIS)的32个盒子被划分成三个组。结果：低等级(很好区分的、低等级DCIS)12个病人(37.5%)；中间的等级，9个病人(28.1%)；高等级(糟糕区分的DCIS)11个病人(34.4%)。在高等级DCIS之中，histologic子类型是粉刺(9个病人)，micropapillary(1个病人)和固体(1个病人)。在高等级DCIS的积极表示ofc-erbB-2，p53和MIB-1在中间、低的等级DCIS比那高。高等级和低等级DCIS之间的差别是重要的(P<0.05)。表示嗯在高等级，DCIS在中间、低的等级DCIS是比那低的。结论：胸ductalcarcinomainsitu的组织学的分级可以是一个好预示的因素。

简介：FromJune,1986toJune1989,24casesofhilarbileductcarcinomawereexploredintheSurgicalDepartmentofGeneralHospitalofPLA,16/24caseswereresected,aresectabilityrateof66%.Theincreaseofresectabilityratewasduetoearlierrecognitionofthisconditionandtheextensionofsurgery,includingmajorresectionofliveraswellasradicaldissectionofthehepato-duodenalligamentandrepairativeoperationsonthebloodvessels.Amongthese16cases,majorhepaticresectionwasperformedin10cases,inwhich,3casesofresectionsofthemiddlelobeoftheliverweredoneinsteadofrightorextendedrightlobectomy.Nooperativemortalityinthe30days’postoperativeperiod,butthepostoperativemorbidityratewasstillhighandmostofthecomplicationswererelatedtobiliaryleakageandinfection.Threepatientsdiedinthefollowupperiodat6,14and15monthsrespectively.Allofthemdiedfrombiliaryinfection.Theremaining13patientswerestillalive,thelongestbein