简介：Ourobjectiveisabetterunderstandingoftheroleofphysicalpropertiesofrealfluidsinthethermodynamicsofcavitationinimpurewater.Anextensiontotheclassicalhomogenousnucleationtheorysuitableformixturesispresentedinattempttoaddressthediscrepancybetweenthetheoreticalpredictionsandpracticalobservationsofcavitationratesinwateratnormaltemperatures.Theextensiontakesintoaccoutthenon-equilibrium(dissipative)effectsinvolvedinnucleiformationthroughasubstancedependentcorrectioncoefficienttobedeterminedexperimentally.Thetheoryofthermodynamicfluctuationsisappliedtoderivetheworkofformationofabubblenucleus.Thevalueofthecorrectioncoefficientisestimatedusingpreliminaryexperimentaldatafromaconvergent-divergentnozzle.Anapplicationoftheresultstothenumericalpredictionofthecavitationzonesinaradial-flowwaterpumpisshown.

简介：He,CO2,O2,N2,CH4,C3H8,andt-C4H10gaspermeabilitycoefficientsanddiffusioncoefficientsofpoly（4-methylpentene-1）（PMP）withvariousdegreesofcrystallizationwereplottedagainstthedegreeofcrystallization.Theplotdemonstratedalinearrelationship.ThegaspermeabilitycoefficientanddiffusioncoefficientofpureamorphousandpurecrystallinePMPswereevaluatedbyalinearextrapolationtozeroand100%crystallinity,respectively.TherelationshipbetweenthediffusioncoefficientofcrystallinepartsofPMPandthekineticdiameterofpenetrantgaseswasdiscussed.Syndiotacticpolystyrene（SPS）couldexistasδformcrystalscomplexedwithorganicsolventssuchasbenzene,toluene,xylene,andethylbenzene.ThemesophaseofSPSispreparedbyannealingtheδformofcrystallinecomplexesatacertaintemperaturefor1h.Thedesorptionofsolventduringannealingalmostdoesnotresultinchangesofboththeconformationofbackbonechainsandthecrystallattice.Wecouldpreparethemesophasecontainingmolecularcavitieswiththesizeandshapeoftheorganicsolventmolecules.ThemesophasecouldsorbthesamesolventafterthemannerofLangmuirsorptionatlowvaporpressurerangewhilethiswouldnotbethecaseforsolventsofdifferentsizeandshape.Thissuggestsamolecularrecognitionoforganicsolvent,andmesophaseSPSmightbeusefulforseparationmembraneandadsorptivematerial.

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简介：Inthispaper,propagationofsoundinpipesundertheinfluenceofagasflowofhightemperatureisinvestigated.Theanalysisinthepa-perisbasedonthefundamentalequationsoffluidmechanics.Approxi-mateformulasofthevariationofparameters,suchasthestatictempera-ture,thelocalvelocityofsound,theflowspeedandtheMachnumber,withdistanceareobtained.Thefourparameterstransmisionmatixwhichdeterminestheacousticalcharacterofthepipeisderivedanddiscussed.Theacousticalcharacterofapulsatinggasheaterisinvestigatedexperim-entallyandtheoretically.Thetheoreticalvaluesoftheresonantfrequenciesofthedeviceareingoodagreementwiththeexperimentalresults.

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简介：Antheoreticalinvestigationwasconductedtodetectthegas-solidinterfaceeffectonlaminarflowcharacteristicsforgasflowingthroughmicropassages.Inthewall-adjacentregion,thechangeinviscosityoffluidvsthedistancefromthewallsurface,asderivedfromthedkinetictheoryofgasesresultinsignificantinfluenceontheflowcharacteristicsinmicropassages.Amodelwasproposedtoaccountforthewalleffect.Analyticalexpressionsforvelocityprofilesandpressuredropwerederived,respectively,forlaminarflowofgasesinmicrotubesandinextremelynarrowparallelplaes.TheKnudsennumber,Kn,asacriterion,thattheflowcanbetreatedreasonablyasflowinmacrochannels,isdiscussed.

简介：Thegas-kinetictheorybasedfluxsplittingmethodhasbeensuccessfullyproposedforsolvingone-andtwo-dimensionalidealmagnetohydrodynamicsbyXuetal.[J.Comput.Phys.,1999;2000],respectively.Thispaperextendsthekineticmethodtosolvethree-dimensionalidealmagnetohydrodynamicsequations,whereanadaptiveparameterηisusedtocontrolthenumericaldissipationinthefluxsplittingmethod.SeveralnumericalexamplesaregiventodemonstratethattheproposedmethodcanachievehighnumericalaccuracyandresolvestrongdiscontinuouswavesinthreedimensionalidealMHDproblems.

简介：Theunifiedgas-kineticscheme(UGKS)ispresentedandusedinthislettertostudythesliderairbearingproblem.TheUGKSsolutionsarefirstvalidatedbycomparisonwithdirectsimulationMonteCarloresults.Aftervalidation,theUGKSisusedtostudytheair-bearingproblemunderdifferentnonequilibriumconditions.Onthesurfaceoftheslider,thedependencyofthegaspressureandnormalforceontheMachandKnudsennumbersarefullyevaluated.Thenon-equilibriumeffectontheforceloadinginthewholetransitionregimeuptothefreemolecularlimitisalsostudied.

简介：Ageneralnumericalmethodispresentedforcalculatingsteadythree-dimensionalandtwo-phaseturbulentreactiveflowswithanonstaggeredbody-fittedcoordinatesysteminanannulargasturbinecombustorwiththedumpdiffuser.Themodifiedtwo-equationmodelandtheEDCturbulentcombustionmodelareusedforthegasphase.TheliquidphaseequationsaresolvedinaLagrangianframeofreferencebyPSICalgorithm.Theeffectofdifferentvelocityprofilesattheentryoftheprediffuseroncombustorflowcharacteristicsiscalculated.

简介：Thepropertiesofnanoparticlesareoftendifferentfromthoseoflargergrainsofthesamesolidmaterialbecauseoftheirverylargespecificsurfacearea.Thisenablesmanynovelapplications,butpropertiessuchasagglomerationcanalsohindertheirpotentialuse.Bycreatingnanostructuredparticlesonecantakeoptimumbenefitfromthedesiredpropertieswhileminimizingtheadverseeffects.Weaimatdevelopinghigh-precisionroutesforscalableproductionofnanostructuredparticles.Twogas-phasesynthesisroutesareexplored.Thefirstone-coveringnanoparticleswithacontinuouslayer-iscarriedoutusingatomiclayerdepositioninafluidizedbed.Throughfluidization,thefullsurfaceareaofthenanoparticlesbecomesavailable.Withthisprocess,particlescanbecoatedwithanultra-thinfilmofconstantandwell-tunablethickness.Forthesecondroute-attachingnanoparticlestolargerparticles-anovelapproachusingelectrostaticforcesisdemonstrated.Themicron-sizedparticlesarechargedwithonepolarityusingtribocharging.Usingelectrospraying,asprayofchargednanoparticleswithoppositepolarityisgenerated.Theirchargepreventsagglomeration,whileitenhancesefficientdepositionatthesurfaceofthehostparticle.Whiletheproposedprocessesoffergoodpotentialforscale-up,furtherworkisneededtorealizelarge-scaleprocesses.

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简介：一个维的Bose气体是不平常的超流体。与更高空间的尺寸相对照，非古典的旋转惯性的存在直接没被连接到无穷小的杂质的无驱散的运动。最近，有原子开始了的ultracold的试验性的测试和为drag力量的量的预言由动人的障碍经历了变得可得到。这热门评论讨论在与superfluidity的四轮马车标准的关系从线性反应理论获得的drag力量。基于在之上改进了动态结构因素的分析、数字的理解，不同障碍潜力的结果被获得包括单个杂质，光格子和随机的潜力从点缀模式产生了。在随机的潜力的superfluidity的动态故障在这些系统在与安德森本地化和预言的超流体绝缘体转变的关系被讨论。

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简介：单个粒子的动态行为在在一张煤气的使流体化的床上的粒子混合物的混合/分离的过程期间被分析。分析基于从分离粒子模拟产生的结果，与轨道和对单个粒子起作用的力量的焦点。典型粒子被选择代表三种粒子运动：开始在床并且最后的底部部分的一个漂浮物粒子在床的最高的部分使流体化；开始在床并且最后的最高的部分的一个投弃货物粒子在底部呆在床的使流体化de的层；并且间歇地正在加入顶的一个投弃货物粒子使流体化并且底部使流体化de的层。一个粒子的运动在宏观或全球的规模是混乱的，但是能很好以它的相互作用在显微镜的规模被解释的结果表演与另外的粒子，particlefluid相互作用力量，和本地流动结构强迫，接触调节。他们也为建立一个合适的方法连接在不同时间和长度规模产生并且当模特儿的信息加亮需要。

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简介：Themixedmatrixmembranes(MMMs)weredevelopedbyincorporatinggraphiteoxide(GO)flakesfunctionalizedwithironoxide(Fe3O4)intoPebaxmatrix.ThePebax/Fe3O4-GOMMMswereusedtoseparateCO2/CH4andCO2/N2gasmixture.TheresultsshowedthattheMMMswithmagneticalignmentpresentedthebettergasseparationperformancethanthatofrandomarrangementofPebax/Fe3O4-GOmixedmatrixmembranes.ThereasonwasthattheFe3O4-GOflakesarrangedmagneticallyinthemembraneplayedamultipleroleinimprovingtheperformanceofMMMs.Firstly,undertheactionofthemagneticfield,themagneticalignmentofFe3O4-GOflakesinPebaxmatrixconstructedtheshortertransferpathforgasmolecule,increasingtheCO2permeability.Secondly,thehydroxylgroupsinGOflakesandthepresenceofFe3O4havestrongerbindingforceforwater,improvingtheCO2solubilityselectivity.Thirdly,thebetterinteractionbetweenthemagneticalignmentofGOcompositesandpolymermatrix,reducedtheinterfacedefects.Especially,theoptimumgasseparationperformsneewasobtainedattheFe3O4-GOflakescontentof3wt%inPebaxmatrixatverticalarrangementwithselectiv让yof47and75forCO2/CH4andCO2/N2,respectively,andCO2permeabilityof538Barrerat0.2MPaandroomtemperature.

简介：Graphene氧化物(去)由于它的唯一的性质和潜在的应用吸引了广泛的注意。这里，我们报导调查去是的nanosheets为毛状的气体的一个静止阶段色析法(GC)分离。GO列，由一条新一步舞涂层途径制作了，308的显示出的平均McReynolds常数，建议GC静止阶段的中等极的性质。GO静止阶段与好山峰形状为不同类型的analytes完成好分离，特别为结合Hanalytes，例如白酒和胺。不同保留行为变静止从常规静止阶段的阶段可以从它和analytes的多重相互作用发源，包含结合H，dipole–dipole，–叠并且散相互作用。而且，去列与相对标准差(RSD%)显示出好分离重制度不到0.24%(n ；= ；5)在analytes的保留时间。

简介：Inthispaper,weinvestigateexcitedcharacteristicoftheweaklyinteractingquasi-one-dimensional(1D)andquasi-two-dimensional(2D)Bose–Einsteincondensation(BEC)inharmonicpotentialtrap.Theenergyspectrumandtheanalyticalexpressionofthesoundvelocityareobtainedandanalyzed.Comparedwith3-DimensionalhomogeneousBose-condensedgasoccasion,thesoundvelocityof2DBose-Einsteincondensationinharmonicpotentialtrapissmaller.