简介：AcomputerscientistatWashingtonUniversityinSt.Louishasdevelopedawaytocoaxcellstodonaturalthingsunderunnaturalcircumstances,whichcouldbeusefulforstemcellresearch,genetherapyandbiofuelproduction.MichaelBrent,theHenryEdwinSeverProfessorofEngineeringintheSchoolofEngineering&

简介：Softand3D-printedmicromachinescanbeimplantedinthebodytodeliverdosesofachemodrug.Thisstrangenewbiobotusesneitherbatterynorwires,andcanbecontrolledfromoutsidethebodytodeliveradoseoncommand.It’sagadgetwellsuitedforthisneweraofpersonalizedmedicine.

简介：Thefutureofingestiblesensorscouldbeacrossbetweensilicon-basedcircuitryandbiodegradablematerials,withbatteriesmadeofnutrientsandrunningonstomachjuices.Ingestiblesensorscouldprovideagutcheckforearlysignsonbacterialinfection,lookforsymptomsofgastrointestinaldisorderssuchasCrohn'sDisease,monitoruptakeofmedications,andevenstudythe

简介：NewresearchshowsthatelevatedlevelsofcardiactroponinT(cTnT)orI(cTnI)inpatientswhohadangioplastyindicateahigherriskofall-causemortalityandlong-termadverseeventssuchasheartattack.

简介：Antibodies,alsoknownasimmunoglobulins,areincrediblyspecificandverygoodatstickingtomolecules.Theyareabletodiscriminatebetweenmoleculesthatvarybyaslittleasasingleatomandflagforeignorharmfulonesforattackorremovalbytheimmunesystem.Essentially,theyserveasthebackboneofthehumoralimmunesystem.This'exquisitespecificity'isimportanttopreventtheimmunesystemfrommistakinghealthy,humanproteinsandmoleculesfrominvadingones.However,

简介：Age-relatedmaculardegeneration(AMD)causesirreversiblelossofcentralvisionforwhichthereisnoeffectivetreatment.IncipientpathologyisthoughttooccurintheretinaformanyyearsbeforeAMDmanifestsfrommidlifeonwardstoaffectalargeproportionoftheelderly.Althoughgeneticaswellasnon-genetic/environmentalrisksarerecognized,itscomplexaetiologymakesitdifficulttoidentifysusceptibility,orindeedwhattypeofAMDdevelopsorhowquicklyitprogressesindifferentindividuals.HerewesummarizetheliteraturedescribinghowtheAlzheimer's-linkedamyloidbeta(Aβ)groupofmisfoldingproteinsaccumulateintheretina.ThediscoveryofthiskeydriverofAlzheimer'sdiseaseinthesenescentretinawasunexpectedandsurprising,enablinganaltogetherdifferentperspectiveofAMD.WearguethatAβfundamentallydiffersfromothersubstanceswhichaccumulateintheageingretina,anddiscussourlatestfindingsfromamousemodelinwhichphysiologicalamountsofAβweresubretinally-injectedtorecapitulatesalientfeaturesofearlyAMDwithinashortperiod.OurdiscoveriesaswellasthoseofotherssuggestthepatternofAβaccumulationandpathologyindonoraged/AMDtissuesarecloselyreproducedinmice,includinglate-stageAMDphenotypes,whichmakesthemhighlyattractivetostudydynamicaspectsofAβ-mediatedretinopathy.Furthermore,wediscussourfindingsrevealinghowAβbehavesatsingle-cellresolution,andconsiderthelong-termimplicationsforneuroretinalfunction.WeproposeAβasakeyelementinswitchingtoadiseasedretinalphenotype,whichisnowbeingusedasabiomarkerforlatestageAMD.

简介：PurdueUniversityresearchershavefoundamethodofidentifyingbiologicalmarkersinsmallamountsofbloodthattheybelievecouldbeusedtodetectamyriadofdiseases,infectionsanddifferentmedicalconditionsatearlystages.Apiezoelectricallyactuatedpipettesystemisusedasaninexpensivemeanstodetectbiologicalmoleculesassociatedwithspecificdiseases,infectionorother

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简介：MiR-200a被显示在我们的以前的学习是在有老化相关的可勃起的机能障碍(A-ED)的老鼠的阴茎海绵体(CC)的upregulated。在它的目标基因之中，SIRT1被我们的组也在可勃起的功能作为一个保护的因素报导以前。因此，miR-200a可能经由SIRT1抑制在A-ED稀释可勃起的功能。在现在的学习，三个动物组被包括：有编辑的年老的老鼠(组AE，n=8)，有正常可勃起的功能的年老的老鼠(组一，n=8)，并且正常控制的小老鼠(组YN，n=8)。从每个组的CC被收集让组织学、分子的大小验证miR-200a和SIRT1的dysregulation。在那以后，从有正常可勃起的功能的年老的老鼠的CC的多孔的endothelial房间(CEC)是有在vitro的miR-200a的transfected。然后，在eNOS/NO/PKG小径以内的SIRT1和分子的表达式被测量调查transfection是否能模仿可勃起的功能的稀释进程在年老。作为结果，当时，miR-200a是upregulatedSIRT1，eNOS和cGMP的层次都是在从AE的CC的downregulated组。在在vitro的transfection以后，当eNOS和cGMP的SIRT1和层次显然是downregulated时，miR-200a是upregulated。基于我们的以前的学习的结果，最后，我们进一步证实miR-200a的起来规定能经由SIRT1抑制参予A-ED的机制，并且主要经由影响eNOS/NO/PKGpathway稀释endothelial功能。

简介：AbstractImportance:Effective screening strategies for early-onset neonatal sepsis (EONS) have the potential to reduce high volume parenteral antibiotics (PAb) usage in neonates.Objective:To compare management decisions for EONS, between CG149 National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) guidelines and those projected through the virtual application of the Kaiser Permanente sepsis risk calculator (SRC) in a level 2 neonatal unit at a district general hospital (DGH).Methods:Hospital records were reviewed for maternal and neonatal risk factors for EONS, neonatal clinical examination findings, and microbial culture results for all neonates born at ≥34 weeks’ gestation between February and July 2019, who were (1) managed according to CG149-NICE guidelines or (2) received PAb within 72 h following birth at a DGH in Winchester, UK. SRC projections were obtained using its virtual risk estimator.Results:Sixty infants received PAb within the first 72 h of birth during the study period. Of these, 19 (31.7%) met SRC criteria for antibiotics; 20 (33.3%) met the criteria for enhanced observations and none had culture-proven sepsis. Based on SRC projections, neonates with '≥1 NICE clinical indicator and ≥1 risk factor’ were most likely to have a sepsis risk score (SRS) >3. Birth below 37 weeks’ gestation (risk ratio [RR] = 2.31, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.02–5.22) and prolonged rupture of membranes (RR = 3.14, 95% CI: 1.16–8.48) increased the risk of an SRS >3.Interpretation:Screening for EONS on the SRC could potentially reduce PAb usage by 68% in term and near-term neonates in level 2 neonatal units.

简介：Objective:Toinvestigatetheinvitrocleavageabilityandeffectsonapoptosisandcellgrowthofthebcr-ablfusiongenespecificmulti-unitribozymes.Methods:Threefusionpointspecificribozymesweredesignedandthemulti-unitribozymes'invitrotranscriptionvectorandretroviralvectorwereconstructed.Theinvitrocleavageabilitywastested.TheretroviralvectorwastransfectedintoK562cellandtheeffectsonproliferation,apoptosis,cellcycleandcellstructurewereobserved.Results:Multi-unitribozymeshadinvitrocleavageefficiencyof70.8%,whichwasmoreefficientthansingle-unitanddouble-unitribozymes.TransfectionoftheretroviralvectoroftheribozymeintoK562cells,inducedinhibitionofcellgrowthandapoptosis.TheincorporationrateofDNAinribozymestransfectedK562cellswasgreatlydecreasedalongwithtimepassed,withaninhibitionrateofmorethan50%after96hoftransfection.UnderFCM,18.4%ofthecellsunderwentapoptosis72haftertransfectionandmorecellswereblockedinGphase,withtheratioinSphasegreatlydecreased(41.9%).Underelectronmicroscope,compactionofnuclearchromatinandapoptosisbodieswereobserved.Conclusion:Multi-unitribozymesspecifictobcr-ablfusiongenecanbeusedtotreatCMLandtopurgebonemarrowforself-grafting.

简介：Blockadeofimmunecheckpointshasrecentlyemergedasanoveltherapeuticstrategyinvarioustumors.Inparticular,monoclonalantibodiestargetingprogrammedcelldeath1(PD-1)oritsligand(PD-L1)havebeenmoststudiedinlungcancer,andPD-1inhibitorsarenowestablishedagentsinthemanagementofnon-smallcelllungcancer(NSCLC).ThereportsonhighprofileclinicaltrialshaveshowntheassociationofPD-L1expressionbyimmunohistochemistry(IHC)withhigheroverallresponseratestothePD-1/PD-L1axisblockadesuggestingthatPD-L1expressionmayserveasapredictivemarker.Unfortunately,however,eachPD-1orPD-L1inhibitoriscoupledwithaspecificPD-L1antibody,IHCprotocolandscoringsystemforthebiomarkerassessment,makingthehead-to-headcomparisonofthestudiesdifficult.Similarly,multipleclinicalseriesthatcorrelatedPD-L1expressionwithclinicopathologicand/ormolecularvariablesand/orsurvivalhavereportedconflictingresults.Thediscrepancycouldbeexplainedbythedifferencesinethnicityand/orhistologictypesincludedinthestudies,butitappearstobeattributedinparttothedifferencesinPD-L1IHCmethods.Thus,orchestratedeffortstostandardizethePD-L1IHCarewarrantedtoestablishtheIHCasapredictiveand/orprognosticbiomarkerinNSCLC.