简介：Advancedgastriccancer(GC)hasbeenrecognizedaslethaldiseasewhenperitonealmetastases(PM)occurred.ThereisnostandardtreatmentforadvancedGCwithPM.Until1980s,thetherapeuticarenaforthesepatientshadremainedstagnant,withnotherapeuticapproachhavingshownasurvivalgaininGCwithPM.However,cytoreductivesurgery(CRS)withperitonectomyproceduresandintraperitonealchemotherapy(IPC)promisingnewcombinedtherapeuticapproachtoachievediseasecontrolforGCwithPM.TherecentpublicationschangedtheGCwithPMtreatmentlandscapebyprovidinganevidencethatCRSandIPCledtoprolongationinoverallsurvival(OS).ThisreviewwillprovideanoverviewoftheevolvingroleofCRSandIPCinthemanagementofadvancedGCwithPMinthecurrentera.

简介：BACKGROUND:Stereotacticinjection(striatumorlateralventricle)andvascularinjection(tailveinorcarotidartery)arenowoftenusedincellulartherapyforcerebralinfarction.Stereotacticinjectioncanaccuratelydelivercellstotheinfarctarea,butrequiresastereotacticdeviceandcausessecondarytrauma;vascularinjectioniseasyandbetterforhostneurologicaldeficitrecovery,butcancausethrombosis.OBJECTIVE:Tocomparethetherapeuticpotentialofadultbonemarrow-derivedmesenchymalstemcells(BMSCs)transplantationbyintraperitonealversusintravenousadministrationtocerebralischemicrats.DESIGN,TIMEANDSETTING:ArandomizedcontrolledanimalexperimentwasperformedattheCellRoomandPathologyLaboratory,BrainHospitalAffiliatedtoNanjingMedicalUniversityfromNovember2007toSeptember2008.MATERIALS:BMSCswerederivedfrom20healthySprague-Dawleyratsaged4-6weeks.METHODS:Forty-fiveadultmiddlecerebralarteryocclusion(MCAO)ratswererandomlydividedintocontrol,intravenousandintraperitonealinjectiongroups,with15ratsineachgroup.At21daysaftermodeling,ratsinthecontrolgroupreceived1mLof0.01mol/Lphosphatebufferedsalineviatailveininjectionandeachexperimentalratreceived4×106BMSCslabeledbybromodeoxyuridine(BrdU)viaintravenousorintraperitonealinjection.MAINOUTCOMEMEASURES:Angiogeninexpressionandsurvivaloftransplantedcellsweremeasuredbyimmunohistochemicalstainingofbraintissueininfarctionhemisphereat7,14or21daysafterBMSCtransplantation.Co-expressionofBrdU/microtubule-associatedprotein2orBrdU/glialfibrillaryacidicproteinwasobservedbydouble-labeledimmunofluorescenceofcerebralcortex.Evaluationofnervefunctionusingtheneurologicalinjuryseverityscoreandtheadhesion-removaltestwasperformedonthe1stand21stdaybeforeandafterMCAO,andat3,7,14or21daysafterBMSCstreatment.RESULTS:Angiogenin-positivenewvesselsweredistributedinthebilateralstriatum,hippocampusandcerebral