简介：Today,manydevelopingcountriesarefacingsevereshortageofelectricityproductionintheireconomieswhichresultsintoawideninggapbetweenelectricityproductionandconsumption.Thispaperemploysthree-stepmethodologyofUnitRoot,JohansenCointegration,andVectorErrorCorrectionMechanismtoexaminewhetherthereexistsshort-,long-run,uni-,orbi-directionalcausalityamongeconomicgrowth,electricityproduction,andinflationforthreeSouthAsianeconomiesnamely,India,Pakistan,andBangladeshcoveringtheperiod1973-2014.ThispaperfindstheneutralityhypothesisintheshortrunforIndia,Pakistan,andBangladesh.Forthelongrun,thetestresultindicatesthatdifferenthypothesisexistsforthethreecountriesundertheanalysis.Thisimpliesthatpoliciesandstrategiesforincreasingtheinstalledcapacityofelectricitygenerationcanleadtowardsprosperouseconomicgrowthinthelongrun.

简介：实验室研究评估了Sinellacurviseta布鲁克的敏感(Collembola：Entomobryidae)到选择重金属(Cu，Pb和Zn)。S的幸存，复制和生长。curviseta在与金属修改到100，200，400，800，1600和3200mg/kg的集中的农业土壤的4星期的暴露测试被决定。结果在Cu和Zn的最高的集中(3200mg/kg)在成年幸存和繁殖失败显示出减小。为Cu和Zn的EC50繁殖价值分别地是约442和2760mg/kg。Pb的申请根本，层次与控制相比导致了大量子孙和没有重要死亡。成年生长率与控制相比为所有金属处理减少了，建议金属影响S。在更慢的生长的curviseta新陈代谢和结果。我们证明复制比生长是一个稍微更敏感的参数。因为生长测试需要更少少年并且比繁殖测试花更少的时间，我们断定二个参数是补足的并且能被用于沾染物层次的更好的ecotoxicological评估。然而，在生长测试比繁殖测试作为更快的尚不致命的测试被接受以前，相对生长和繁殖敏感应该与更多的化学药品被测试。

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简介：BasedonthehistoricalevolutionoftheHangzhouBay,bymakinguseoftheconclusionsmadebythepreviousresearchworkersandtheintegrationofconcretedata,fivedistinctimpactindicatorsofthesedimentfromtheChangjiangEstuaryandtheEastChinaSeatotheHangzhouBayaresummarized.NumericalcalculationandanalysisindicatethatthescouringanddepositionofseabedintheHangzhouBayaresubjecttothedirectimpactoftheevolutionoftheChangjiangEstuary,andthegrowthanddeclineandthedirectionofthesandybaratNanhuizuigivetracestothesedimenttransportbetweentheChangjiangEstuaryandtheHangzhouBay.ThetransportofsedimentfromtheChangjiangEstuarytotheHangzhouBayoccursmainlyinwinterandspringseasonsandtheincreaseoftheChangjiangRiverrunoffandthedecreaseofsedimentchargehavecausedscouringinthenortherncoastoftheHangzhouBayandtheseabederosionalongthefrontalmarginoftheChangjiangRiverDelta.

简介：Tinnitus,thephenomenonofringingorbuzzingintheearswithoutanexternalsoundsourceisoneofthemostcommonlyreportedsymptomsinotorhinolaryngologyandaffects10–15%ofthegeneralpopulation.Modelshavebeendevelopedtoaccountforneuralbasisoftinnitus,itspathogenesisanditsconsequencesonmentalhealth(deRidderetal.,2013).Inmostcasestinnitusonsetfollowsapartialhearingimpairment.Peripheralsensorydeprivationduetocochleardamages

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简介：Banksplayapivotalroleinanemergingeconomy.Theymirrorthecountry＇spoliticalandeconomicstatus.Themoresavingsdepositedinbankswouldmeantheavailabilityofcashprovidedtousersoffunds.Ontheotherhand,theirclosureaffectsthecreditors.Thegoalsofthestudyincludetheminimizationoflossesimposedoncreditorsandtheexpeditiousrecoveriesoftheirclaimsagainsttheclosedbanks＇assets.Thestudyprovedonthefoursignificantimpactsofselectedinsolvencyindicatorsontherecoveriesofcreditors＇claimsagainsttheassetsofclosedbanksunderthePhilippinecontextfrom1961to2011.ThestudyusesvariousmethodssuchasPearsonproduct-momentcorrelationcoefficienttoestablishthestrengthofassociationoftheindependentvariabletothedependentvariableandtimeseriestechnique（movingaverageandtrendforecasting）inordertoobservethepatternofdataoveraknownperiodoftime.Usingtheregressionanalysis,theresearcherswereabletoestablisharegressionmodel.TheANOVAtest,f-test,andR2-testwereusedtoprovethemodel＇sgoodness-of-fit,thesignificanceofthepredictors,andverificationoftheassumptionofregressionhold.Empiricalevidencerevealsthatcapitaltoestimatedrealizablevalueofassetsratio（ERVA）anddebttoassetsratio（withrespecttoERVA）weresignificantpredictorsofrecovery.Further,thepresenceofhighleverageonbanksindicatesthattheirliabilitiesexceedthevalueoftheirrealizableassets.Thus,thesebanksfailtomeettheirmaturingobligations,hence,imposinglossesontheuninsureddepositorsandothercreditors.

简介：在农业系统的生物物理、社会经济的属性的差异特别地做他们基于的壁龛。农民们是本地生物物理、社会经济的状况的专家并且能在开发agro环境的开发的实用指示物作出贡献。在在云南的一个农业研究工程的评估期间，中国，本地农民能够在存在收割系统上评估修改技术的效果并且用他们的自己的指示物讨论了他们的态度到干预。农民的反应能被组织进七个主要方面：我)收入上的效果，ii)生产资源上的效果，iii)庄稼管理上的效果，iv)技术的存在本地知识，v)输入的可获得性，vi)信息的存取，和vii)耕作家庭的社会经济的条件。农民们断定在与邻近的未经治疗的集水相比的试验性的集水的环境条件以土壤更好并且浇损失，植被盖子和天赋资源，基础结构和集水管理，environmentally友好的技术的使用，和庄稼生产率。在土壤和水保存计划的成功取决于农民和另外的本地用户和他们的更大的参与帮助的努力识别更实用的指示物。而且，它增加计划的所有权，与工程科学家，增加农民agro环境的问题的了解和他们的可能的后果一起提高相互作用。这些发展将使科学家能开发更好指向的干预并且由本地社区增加测试技术的采纳的可能性。配对的邻近的集水的使用改进了评估活动并且为未来集水改进计划作为好实践被建议。

简介：TobetterunderstandclimatevariationsofMeiyu,somenewindicatorsfortheonsetandretreatdates,duration,andMeiyuprecipitationintheYangtze-HuaiheRivervalleyareobjectivelydevelopedbyusingobserveddailyprecipitationdatafrom230stationsineasternChinaduring1954-2003.Therainyseasononsetandretreatdatesineachstationcanbedefinedintermsofthresholdsforrainfallintensityandpersistence.Then,theonsetandretreatdatesoftheMeiyufortheYangtze-HuaiheRiverbasinhavebeendeterminedwhenmorethan40%ofstationsreachthefirstrainyseasonthresholdsinthestudyregion.BasedontheindicatorsofMeiyuintheYangtze-HuaiheRiverbasin,variationsofMeiyurainfallduring1954-2003areanalyzed.TheresultssuggestthatMeiyurainfallintheYangtze-HuaiheRiverbasinhasincreasedinrecent50years.Inaddition,interannualandinterdecadalvariabilityofMeiyuisalsoobvious.Alltheindicatorsdisplayapredominantperiodofabout3years.

简介：Asmanycountrieshaveenteredanewperiodofadjustmentanddevelopmentalcompetitioninthewakeofthefinancialcrisis,someprofoundchangesandtransformationshaveinevitablytakenplaceintheinternationalstrategicconfigurationandtheinternationalorder.AstheconnotationsandconditionsofChina’snew

简介：低氮(N)可获得性经常导致桉树类种植园的减少的生产率。我们学习了四桉树类种植园的反应(E的二种植园。沿海的低地上的tereticornis，和E的二种植园。宏大在西方的Ghats的高地区域，Kerala，印度)到N增加并且象N可获得性的另外的索引一样联系了这回答到季节的N矿化作用，为了检验土壤的用途，为预言桉树类生长的反应到增加的N化肥基于N矿化作用的指示物。几生物化学的指示物被检验让他们的能力预言反应到N化肥，包括全部的土壤N，土壤C:在厌氧、氧气的孵化期间释放的N比率，和N。结果证明氮化肥增加从7%～70%越过4个地点增加了生产率，在氧气的孵化期间释放的N越过4个地点(R2=0.92,p<0.01)与化肥反应有最高的关联，并且那建模的季节的土壤Nmineralisation比在氧气的孵化期间释放的N是化肥反应的一个更差的预言者。虽然一些这些指示物是有希望的，他们需要更宽的确认并且在他们能是以前，测试习惯性地适用。

简介：AbstractBackground:Globally, severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) has been the principal cause of mortality among individuals aged 45 and below. The incidence of road traffic accidents in Malaysia is one of the highest in the world with thousands of victims sustaining severe disabilities. The aim of this study is to determine the association between leucocytosis and extended Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOSE) scores as well the relationship of other factors and the outcomes of severe TBI.Methods:This was a retrospective observational study. A total of 44 consecutive patients who were admitted to Sarawak General Hospital from January 1, 2018, to September 30, 2018, with severe TBI were included. Data were collected from discharge summaries and hospital medical records. Chi-square and t test were used. SPSS was employed.Results:Of a total of 44 patients with severe TBI, 18 patients (41%) died during the same admission. The mean age of patients was 37.1 years with 93.2% of affected patients being male. 56.9% of patients presented with a Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) of 6 and less. A large percentage (86.3%) were discharged with a GOSE of less than 7. Older age and low admission GCS (6 and less) were significantly associated with poor GOSE scores on discharge and after 6 months (p < 0.05) on multivariate analysis. Leucocytosis on admission was also associated with poor outcomes where patients with higher total white counts on presentation attaining lower GOSE scores (p < 0.05).Conclusion:We concluded that leucocytosis was significantly associated with poor outcomes in severe TBI patients in addition to other factors such as advanced age and poor GCS on arrival.

简介：Inordertodeterminethedegreeofreturning-to-zerooftemperaturesofdeformedcalcite,aseriesofrock-breakingexperimentsweredesignedtotestcalcite-richlimestonesamplesunderfixedconfiningpressuresanddifferenttemperatures.Theconsolidateddeformedsamplesintheirinitialstatewereobservedunderamicroscopeandthemicroscopicindicatorsindifferentzero-returningstateswereputforward,thusprovidingamicroscopicfoundationforevaluationofreliabilityofdatingvaluesofdeformationincalcite.Atlast,thecorrectionofdatingvaluesofdeformationforsampleswhosetemperaturehasnotyetreturnedtozeroisdiscussed.

简介：六轻油和二来源的芳香的部分从Panyu摇样品(番禺)降低珀尔高举河嘴盆用GCMS被分析(煤气的层析团度谱)技术。检测例如联本基的烃的13个芳香的系列，萘，菲，dibenzothiophenes(超过200芳香的烃混合物)被用来分析轻油的起源和成熟。这研究显示在井L1和P1的轻油的芳香的烃混合物的分发井P2，P3和P4不同于那些。从井L1和P1的轻油样品包含更多的dibenzofuran和fluorence烃和更少萘烃。在二组轻油的fluorene，dibenzothiophene和dibenzofuran的内容也在沉积环境显示出他们的差别。而且，联本基和萘的相对分布的差异在二组轻油之间是明显的。是提及在上面，从井L1和P1的轻油的起源从井P2，P3和P4的变化。根据油来源的结果，关联，从井P2的轻油，P3和P4主要在Enping从来源岩石发源(恩平)形成。因此，从井L1和P1的轻油可能在Wenchang从湖的页岩被导出(文昌)形成或从Wenchang形成和Enping形成的混合来源。从芳香的烃的甲基萘，甲基菲和到从Panyu的油降低的光的成熟的学习的methyldibenzothiophenes的适用的成熟参数高举显示成熟到达了高成熟的舞台。

简介：从Obudu高原的东南的代表性的花岗石样品的稀土元素的元素(REE)集中，尼日利亚，随一次尝试被分析决定他们的来源，进化历史和构造背景的签名。结果显示花岗石有高绝对的REE集中(190xl0~(有使球粒状陨石正常化的REE模式的-6)-1191xl0~~(-6);av.=549xl0~(-6))由陡峭的否定斜坡描绘了并且对忽视或没有否定Eu异例突出。所有样品被LREE的高、可变的集中也描绘(151x10~(-6)-1169xl0~(-6);av.=466xl0~(-6)),whileHREE表演low丰富(4xl0~(-6)-107xl0~(-6);av.=28xl0~(-6))。这些与花岗石的REE分别，和区别的可变层次一致。这被REE内容，使球粒状陨石正常化的模式和比率的范围进一步支持La_N/Yb_N(2.30-343.37)，Ce_N/Yb_N(5.94-716.87)，La_N/Sm_N(3.14-11.68)和Tb_N/Yb_N(0.58-1.65)。REE模式的一般并行，建议所有花岗石是在起源的comagmatic，当时高Eu/Eu*比率(0.085-2.807；av.=0.9398)在来源显示高f_(O2)。同样，在La_N/Yb_N，Ce_N/Yb_N和Eu/Eu的不规则的变化*在样品之中的比率和REE丰富建议与披风和外壳的来源有关的行为。

简介：影响结构并且各种各样的排水模式和他们的流取向的lithological控制(为第二，第4订的第三and冒热气)被识别评估方向并且控制排水网络的因素。调查地下水的前景，河盆viz的hydrogeomorphological特征。Mulki-Pavanje被识别并且印射。评估盆的特征，不同morphometric参数(线性，areal和消除)在亚盆被计算明智(SB-I到-VII)。线性参数建议排水网络被地形学控制。形式因素(F<潜水艇class=“a-plus-plus”>f),延伸比率(R<潜水艇class=“a-plus-plus”>e)和圆比率(R<潜水艇class=“a-plus-plus”>c)建议盆在伸长的形状。排水密度(D<潜水艇class=“a-plus-plus”>d)与中等地势在媒介稠密的植被下面显示抵抗/可渗透的阶层。亚盆的areal参数(除了SBI和III)显示与中等可渗透的岩石联系的中等地面斜坡，它支持中等加赛和渗入。当时，整个盆的排水质地(T)显示粗糙的质地SB-I，并且III出现一块中间的质地。消除参数也就是险峻数字(R<潜水艇class=“a-plus-plus”>n)推断低盆地势和差的排水密度。为了识别地下水的大多数赤字/剩余地区，合适的weightages被分到hydrogeomorphological单位和morphometric参数。学习表明盆表明那SB-III将是最地下水的赤字地区而SB-VII，VI和V被发现出现，在地下水增加潜力。在这盆的地下水前景区域被估计是在穷人下面的7%区域，44%区域在下面中等并且49%区域在下面对好优秀。这份报纸演示了评估地下水的系统(GIS)技术在监视数据的传统的地下水的缺席勘探的地理信息的潜在的应用程序。

简介：AbstractBackground:Scoliosis secondary to neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) in children aged <10 years is an important etiology of early-onset scoliosis (EOS). This study was performed to investigate the curve evolution of patients with EOS secondary to NF1 undergoing bracing treatment and to analyze high-risk indicators of rapid curve progression.Methods:Children with EOS due to NF1 who underwent bracing treatment from 2010 to 2017 were retrospectively reviewed. The angle velocity (AV) at each visit was calculated, and patients with rapid curve progression (AV of >10°/year) were identified. The age at modulation and the AV before and after modulation were obtained. Patients with (n = 18) and without rapid curve progression (n = 10) were statistically compared.Results:Twenty-eight patients with a mean age of 6.5 ± 1.9 years at the initial visit were reviewed. The mean Cobb angle of the main curve was 41.7° ± 2.4° at the initial visit and increased to 67.1° ± 8.6° during a mean follow-up of 44.1 ± 8.5 months. The overall AV was 6.6° ± 2.4°/year for all patients. At the last follow-up, all patients presented curve progression of >5°, and 20 (71%) patients had progressed by >20°. Rapid curve progression was observed in 18 (64%) patients and was associated with younger age at the initial visit and a higher incidence of modulation change during follow-up (t = 2.868, P = 0.008 and <0.001, respectively). The mean AV was 4.4° ± 1.2°/year before modulation and 11.8° ± 2.7°/year after modulation (t = 11.477, P < 0.010).Conclusions:Curve progression of >10°/year is associated with younger age at the initial visit, and modulation change indicated the occurrence of the rapid curve progression phase.

简介：在这研究，充分的理由运动记录(SGMR)选择基于希腊语字母的第七字()作为一光谱形状指示物是适用于钢braced框架结构被调查了。为目标Epsilon的定义的概率的地震危险崩溃分析()并且目标希腊语字母的第七字()在不同危险层次的价值被介绍，适当地考虑选择了SGMR。脆弱曲线为相应于在计划有重要不规则的典型的钢braced框架的三个代表性的模型的不同限制状态被开发，借助于一个加权的损坏索引。结果显示出那光谱形状指示物在预言的中部的结构的能力上有重要效果，并且另外参数比与适当价值寻找记录是损坏的一个更柔韧的预言者。

简介：AbstractBackground:It is crucial to improve the quality of care provided to ICU patient, therefore a national survey of the medical quality of intensive care units (ICUs) was conducted to analyze adherence to quality metrics and outcomes among critically ill patients in China from 2015 to 2019.Methods:This was an ICU-level study based on a 15-indicator online survey conducted in China. Considering that ICU care quality may vary between secondary and tertiary hospitals, direct standardization was adopted to compare the rates of ICU quality indicators among provinces/regions. Multivariate analysis was performed to identify potential factors for in-hospital mortality and factors related to ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP), catheter-related bloodstream infections (CRBSIs), and catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs).Results:From the survey, the proportions of structural indicators were 1.83% for the number of ICU inpatients relative to the total number of inpatients, 1.44% for ICU bed occupancy relative to the total inpatient bed occupancy, and 51.08% for inpatients with Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II scores ≥15. The proportions of procedural indicators were 74.37% and 76.60% for 3-hour and 6-hour surviving sepsis campaign bundle compliance, respectively, 62.93% for microbiology detection, 58.24% for deep vein thrombosis prophylaxis, 1.49% for unplanned endotracheal extubations, 1.99% for extubated inpatients reintubated within 48 hours, 6.38% for unplanned transfer to the ICU, and 1.20% for 48-hour ICU readmission. The proportions of outcome indicators were 1.28‰ for VAP, 3.06‰ for CRBSI, 3.65‰ for CAUTI, and 10.19% for in-hospital mortality. Although the indicators varied greatly across provinces and regions, the treatment level of ICUs in China has been stable and improved based on various quality control indicators in the past 5 years. The overall mortality rate has dropped from 10.19% to approximately 8%.Conclusions:The quality indicators of medical care in China’s ICUs are heterogeneous, which is reflected in geographic disparities and grades of hospitals. This study is of great significance for improving the homogeneity of ICUs in China.