简介：紫外放射被知道影响水的主要制片人和他们的grazers。然而，很少在浮游动物放牧上在它的效果上被记录了。在这研究，作者调查了光合地活跃的放射的效果(同等，400700nm)，紫外--一(紫外A，320400nm)并且ultraviolet-B(UV-B，280320nm)放牧上的放射，死亡和桡脚类的动物Acartiapacifica的类脂化合物氧化从厦门海湾收集了。在暴露的30min以后，桡脚类的动物在二房间集中用硅藻Phaeodactylumtricornutum在黑暗被喂(2.5

简介：LigninservesasoneofthemostimportantmolecularfossilsfortracingTerrestrialOrganicMatters(TOMs)inmarineenvironment.Extractionandderivatizationofligninoxidationproducts(LOPs)arecrucialforaccuratequantificationoflignininmarinesediment.Herewereportamodificationoftheconventionalalkalinecupricoxide(CuO)oxidationmethod,themodificationconsistinginasolidphaseextraction(SPE)andanovelon-columnderivatizationbeingemployedforbetterefficiencyandreproducibility.Inspikingblanks,recoverieswithSPEfortheLOPsarebetween77.84%and99.57%withrelativestandarddeviations(RSDs)rangingfrom0.57%to8.04%(n=3),whilethosewithtraditionalliquid-liquidextraction(LLE)arefrom44.52%to86.16%withRSDsbeingfrom0.53%to13.14%(n=3).Moreover,thereproducibilityisgreatlyimprovedwithSPE,withlesssolventconsumptionandshorterprocessingtime.Theaverageefficiencyofon-columnderivatizationforLOPsis100.8%±0.68%,whichissignificantlyhigherthanthoseofin-vialorin-syringederivatization,thusresultinginstilllessconsumptionofderivatizingreagents.LignininthesurfacesedimentssampledfromthesouthofYangtzeRiverestuary,China,wasdeterminedwiththeestablishedmethod.Recoveriesof72.66%to85.99%withstandarddeviationlessthan0.01mg/10gdryweightareobtainedexceptforp-hydroxyben-zaldehyde.ThelignincontentΣ8(producedfrom10gdrysediment)intheresearchareaisbetween0.231and0.587mg.S/VandC/Vratios(1.028±0.433and0.192±0.066,respectively)indicatethattheTOMsinthisregionareoriginatedfromamixtureofwoodyandnonwoodyangiospermplants;thehighvaluesof(Ad/Al)vsuggestthattheTOMshasbeenhighlydegraded.