简介：Withthedevelopmentoftheelectroniccommerce,theelectronicword-of-mouth(eWOM)hasbecomeimportantreferenceinformationforconsumershopping.EWOMhasattractedconsiderableinterestfromresearchersinthepastdecade.Inthispaper,aresearchreviewisconductedandanintegratedframeworkisproposedontheeffectofeWOM.TheeffectofeWOMareinfluencedbyitscharacteristics,communicators,andotherfactors.ThecharacteristicsofeWOMincludethesource,thevolumeandthevalence.ThecommunicatorsofeWOMrefertothesender,thereceiverandtherelationshipbetweenthem.Inaddition,dispersionandconsistency,persistenceandobservability,anonymityanddeception,andcommunityengagementarerelatedfactorsfortheeffectofeWOM.

简介：经济的产量或产品能被划分成服务产品和商品产品(由于生产，构造，农业和采矿)。迄今为止，通常，服务和商品产品是独立集体的生产。与分别地集中了于发展和商品的大量生产的第一和第二条工业革命相对照，然而，下一个或第三条工业革命集中于服务或商品的集成；它在第21世纪的这第二十年正在开始。第三条工业革命(TIR)基于三主要工艺的enablers的融合(即，大数据分析学，适应服务并且数字生产)；他们支撑集成或服务或商品的集体定制。是在一份更早的报纸详细说明了，我们认为集体定制是供应和需求链的同时、即时的管理，基于一个分类，那能以它的underpinning部件和管理foci被定义。即时集体定制的好处不能作为商品被说大话，服务变得难区分，导致压到优势的经济并且作为servgoods在是co-produced消费顾客的工业化国家的即时优点同时co-producing制片人。

简介：ThispaperisconcernedwithapplicationsofintegratedsemigroupstothefollowingCauchyproblem:（ACPn）xn（t）=sumfromi=0ton-1Bixi（t）,xi（0）=xi,0（?）i（?）n-1whereBi（0（?）i（?）n-1）areclosedlinearoperatorsonaBanachspaceX.Auniquenesstheorem,aconditionofthesolvability,aconditionoftheexponentialwell-posedness,andsomeresultsforthespecialcasethatBn-1isboundedandD(Bn-2)（?）D（Bi）（0（?）i（?）n-3）areobtained.

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简介：Acommonfeatureofpreviousstudiesabouttheapplicationofdataenvelopmentanalysis(DEA)todetermineenvironmentalandeconomicefficienciesisthatthetwowereanalyzedinseparatemodelsorframeworks.Thepurposeofthispaperistoanalyzetheeconomicefficiencyandenvironmentalefficiencywithasinglemodel.ThispaperproposesanintegratedDEAmodel,basedonamodificationofthedirectionaldistancefunction,whichallowsustodecomposetheeco-efficiency(EE)intotheeconomicefficiency(ECE)andenvironmentalefficiency(ENE).TheECEcharacterizestheabilityofgainingeconomicbenefitswhiletheENEcharacterizestheabilitytocontrolpollutantemissionsinproductionactivities.IdentificationofECEandENEcanhelpdecisionmakersofdifferentregionsdetectwhatkindoffactor(economicinefficiencyorenvironmentalinefficiency)isthemainsourceofeco-inefficiency.ThiscanhelpdecisionmakersmoretargetedtoimproveEE.Toillustratethefeasibilityofourapproach,acasestudyof30regionsinChinaispresented.Theempiricalresultsshowthatalmostallregionshaveveryhigheconomicefficiencies.Theenvironmentalinefficiencyisthemainsourceofeco-inefficiency.Thedifferencesofenvironmentalefficienciesleadtothedifferencesofeco-efficienciesintheeast,centralandwestareas,whiletheeconomicefficienciesdonothavesignificantdifferencesamongtheseareas.Theeconomicefficienciesshowedanopposite'V'shapeandtheenvironmentalefficienciesshowedadecreasingtrendduringtheperiod2010–2014.

简介：TheobjectiveofthisarticleistouncoverbenefitsandrisksofIntegratedProductServiceOffering(IPSO)inasystematicmanner.Todoso,itadoptsanexplorativelongitudinalin-depthcasestudy(developmentofanIPSObasedonanewtechnology)andaddsinsightstotheexistingliterature.ThearticlefirstproposesatheoreticalandgenericframeworktermedthePCP(Provider-CustomerProduct)trianglewithassociatedinformationflowanduncertainty.Second,varioustypesofbenefitsandrisksarepresentedbasedontheframework.Amongothers,thebenefitofkeepingIPR(IntellectualPropertyRights)withtheproviderandtheriskofregulationchangearenewfindingsfromthecasestudy.Inaddition,thecasestudyrevealsthatIPSOisregardedasapositivecontributortoinnovation.Applyingtheframeworkandclassificationofbenefitsandrisksasnormstoothercaseshasyettobedoneforverification.However,theframeworkcontributesscientificallytoabetterunderstandingofthebenefitsandrisksofIPSO.Inaddition,thisframeworkisadvantageouswithitseasinesstounderstand,whichcontributespracticallytothedisseminationofIPSOinsighttoindustry.

简介：ThispaperaddressestheintegratedEarthobservationsatelliteschedulingproblem.Itisacomplicatedproblembecauseobservinganddownloadingoperationsarebothinvolved.Weuseanacyclicdirectedgraphmodeltodescribetheobservinganddownloadingintegratedschedulingproblem.Basedonthemodelwhichconsideringenergyconstraintsandstoragecapacityconstraints,wedevelopanefficientsolvingmethodusinganovelquantumgeneticalgorithm.Wedesignanewencodinganddecodingschemethatcangeneratefeasiblesolutionandincreasethediversityofthepopulation.TheresultsofthesimulationexperimentsshowthattheproposedmethodsolvestheintegratedEarthobservationsatelliteschedulingproblemwithgoodperformanceandoutperformsthegeneticalgorithmandgreedyalgorithmonallinstances.

简介：在有一个cogeneration系统的一个综合熨斗和钢植物，再循环精力连续地被搬运进cogeneration系统和电连续地被产生，并且他们俩不能很长时间被存储。而且，电的产生和消费是不规则的，它可以引起更意外的不平衡。因此，由优化精力利用的操作安排全部精力系统是一个关键问题，它在这二个系统在生产系统，在cogeneration系统的产生电和再循环的精力包括未加工的精力。在这份报纸，为在有一个cogeneration系统的综合的铁和钢植物的精力优化的一个改进线性编程模型被建立。改进模型集中于控制整个精力流动并且通过与一个cogeneration系统在一个综合熨斗和钢植物优化各种精力分发和利用在在生产系统之间的全部精力系统和cogeneration系统安排整个精力消费。改进模型在更高的精力利用，更低的精力费用和更低的污染排出物为最佳的操作条件提供的案例研究表演。