简介：ByapplyinganewvortexdetectionmethodtotheECMWF40-yrreanalysis(ERA40)datafrom1985to2002,theclimatologyofsummervorticeshasbeeninvestigatedinfivesubtropicalregions,i.e.,thenorthwesternPacific,northeasternPacific,northwesternAtlantic,northeasternAtlantic,andAustralia-SouthPacific,followedbyvalidationwithNCEP/NCARreanalysisdata.Resultsareasfollows:(1)ThespatialdistributionsofERA40vortexactivities(VAC)werewellconsistentwiththoseofNCEP/NCARreanalysis(NRA)resultsinallregions,especiallyinnorthwesternPacific.(2)Becauseofdifferentmodelresolutions,boththenumberandintensityofvorticesobtainedfromNRAweresignificantlyweakerthanERA40's.(3)Vorticesmainlycruisedincoastsandtheadjacentseas,fromwheretothelandortheopenseavortexactivitiesweregraduallydecreased.(4)ThereweretwoactivecentersinthenorthwesternPacific:onewaslocatedinSouthChinaSeaandtheother,asthelargestcenterofthefiveregions,spreadfromtheeastsideofthePhilippinestoJapan.(5)OverthenorthwesternAtlantic,mostvorticesoccurredinPanamaanditswest-sideoffshore.(6)ThespatialdistributionsofvorticeswerealikebetweenthenortheasternPacificandnortheasternAtlantic,bothspreadingfromcoaststothewest-sideseaat5°-20°N.(7)IntheAustralia-SouthPacific,vorticeswerenotasactiveasthoseintheotherfourregions,andmostlytookplaceintheequator-sideofnearoceanareas.(8)ExceptthenorthwesternPacificandnorthwesternAtlantic,theVACinterannualvariationsintheotherthreeregionsweredifferentbetweenERA40andNRAdata.(9)InthenorthwesternPacificandnorthwesternAtlantic,theVACinterannualvariationcouldbeseparatedtoseveraldistinctstages.(10)Sincethemid1980s,meanvortexintensitywasgettingincreasedinthenorthwesternPacific,whichwasmostsignificantinthesubtropicalareasonaglobalbasis.InthewesternNorthAtlantic,therewasadecreasing(increasing)trendofthemeanvortexintensitybefo

简介：概括波浪活动密度，被定义为三维的涡度向量不安和一般潜在的温度不安的坡度的生产的绝对值，被介绍，它的波浪活动法律在笛卡儿的坐标被导出。在agoestrophic和nonhydrostatic构造了动态框架，概括波浪活动法律可能是适用的诊断导致重降雨的mesoscale天气系统。概括波浪活动密度和波浪活动流动分叉与客观分析数据被计算在重降雨的区域上调查波浪活动的字符。为与重降雨联系的骚乱负责的主要动态过程也被分析。概括波浪活动密度密切被相关到观察6-h，这被显示出积聚的降雨。这显示波浪活动或骚乱是明显的在上正面并且乍见陆地台风在中间、更低的对流层的重降雨的区域。为乍见陆地台风雨线，概括波浪活动流动分叉的部分，表示在基本状态的气旋的发行量之间的相互作用乍见陆地，台风和mesoscale飘动，是为概括波浪活动的进化负责的主要动态过程密度。

简介：基于改进客观气旋察觉和追踪的算法，在在北东亚的热带以外的气旋的十的变化被使用ECMWF40年分析(ERA-40)学习海平面的压力数据在期间19582001。结果表明那项热带以外的气旋活动显示了清楚季节，内部在北东亚的年度、十的可变性。春天是气旋最经常发生的季节。热带以外的气旋的空间分发证明气旋主要在40°以内发生50°N在北东亚的纬度的乐队，和出现的最经常的区域在蒙古。而且，这研究也揭示热带以外的气旋的频率显著地在北东亚的更低的纬度区域减少了在期间的事实19582001，但是十的可变性在更高的纬度乐队统治了，与经常的气旋开始。热带以外的气旋的紧张在一个年度、季节的基础上减少了。在北东亚的气旋的年度数字的变化与baroclinic的吝啬的紧张被联系正面的地区，它被在更高的纬度温暖的气候影响。而且，随北方的增加和在北东亚的南部的部分的减少，额外的热门气旋变化的偶极子结构与有关向北方baroclinic的运动110°E的任何一个方面上的正面的地区。

简介：StormsthatoccurattheBayofBengal(BoB)areofabimodalpattern,whichisdifferentfromthatoftheotherseaareas.ByusingtheNCEP,SSTandJTWCdata,thecausesofthebimodalpatternstormactivityoftheBoBarediagnosedandanalyzedinthispaper.TheresultshowsthattheseasonalvariationofgeneralatmospherecirculationinEastAsiahasaregulatingandcontrollingimpactontheBoBstormactivity,andthe'bimodalperiod'ofthestormactivitycorrespondsexactlytotheseasonalconversionperiodofatmosphericcirculation.Theminorwindspeedofshearspringandautumncontributedtothestorm,whichwasacrucialfactorforthegenerationandoccurrenceofthe'bimodalpattern'stormactivityintheBoB.Theanalysisonseasurfacetemperature(SST)showsthattheSSTsofalltheyeararoundintheBoBareameettheconditionsrequiredforthegenerationoftropicalcyclones(TCs).However,theSSTsinthecentralareaofthebayarehigherthanthatofthesurroundingareasinspringandautumn,whichfacilitatestheoccurrenceofa'two-peak'stormactivitypattern.Thegenesispotentialindex(GPI)quantifiesandreflectstheenvironmentalconditionsforthegenerationoftheBoBstorms.ForGPI,theintenselow-levelvortexdisturbanceinthetroposphereandhigh-humidityatmospherearethesufficientconditionsforstorms,whilelargemaximumwindvelocityofthegroundvortexradiusandsmallverticalwindsheararethenecessaryconditionsofstorms.

简介：分别地，发生在北京和天津的二下得很大的冰雹被调查，主要基于系统dAlerteFondre同等InterferometricRadioelecctrique(SAFIR3000)观察的全部的闪电数据，一个CG闪电地点系统的cloud-to-ground(CG)闪电数据，并且一架Doppler雷达的回响数据。两下得很大的冰雹展出了二座闪电频率山峰：第一在hailfall前，第二在hailfall以后，与比第一大的第二座山峰。CG闪电的主导的极性在在第一座频率山峰附近的阶段是积极的，但是改变了到在在第二座频率山峰附近的阶段否定。雷达回响的进化和闪电放射来源的高度分发被探索，表明下得很大的冰雹有更强壮的传送对流，主要正电荷发生在在在第一座频率山峰附近的阶段期间的中间的层次。然而，虽然北京下得很大的冰雹经历了传送对流的改进，与在在第二座频率山峰附近的上面的层次的主要正电荷，当传送对流不停地变弱，主要正电荷落下到中间降低层次时，天津下得很大的冰雹在时期期间产生了它的第二座频率山峰。通过雷达参数的评估，我们调查为活跃闪电分泌物的第二个阶段负责的机制。而且，闪电活动与雷达回响参数和hailfall展出了一种靠近的关系。闪电跳信号在hailfall前被发现并且与1.87ogic网孔在15tions上面与40-dBZ回响卷的变化比率被联系如果反对???？？

简介：ElNi的影响?在热带太平洋上的对流地联合的凯尔文波浪上的o南部的摆动(ENSO)被在东方太平洋(EP)ElNi比较绝对温标波浪活动调查?o，中央太平洋(CP)ElNi?o，并且LaNi?一年，分别地到30年(19822011)意味着统计。在这研究的对流地联合的凯尔文波浪被过滤的225天的通带的实验直角的功能(文件结束)的二个领先的模式代表每天出去的longwave放射(OLR)与3或4的估计的带的wavenumber，8天的时期，并且东方宣传17ms1的速度。在绝对温标波浪活动的ENSO的最重要的影响在EPElNi期间是绝对温标波浪的增强?os。LaNi的影响?一上绝对温标波浪紧张的减小相对更弱，反映热带深传送对流和联系凯尔文的非线性响应ENSO海表面温度(SST)飘动异例。CPElNi的影响?绝对温标波浪上的o由于相对更弱的SST异例和更小的空间范围是不太重要的。ENSO可以也改变绝对温标波浪的频率，波长，和阶段速度。这研究证明低频率的ENSOSST异例调制高周波的热带骚乱，天气气候连接的一个例子。

简介：在北方亚洲气旋(NAC)之间的关系活动和南部的环形的模式(SAM)在这研究被记录。NAC索引(NACI)的定义在诺思亚洲基于大气的相对涡度。分析产出在以前的冬季之间的重要积极关联南部的环形的模式索引(SAMI)和春天NACI在内部年度可变性，与0.51的一个关联系数在期间19482000。NAC相关、SAM相关的大气的一般发行量可变性的分析表明如此的一种关系。学习进一步表明当冬季SAM变得强壮时，在热带西方的太平洋的大气的传送对流将加强的春季和本地哈德利发行量将被加强。作为结果，在华南上的反常减退运动使温度坡度在底层加强了并且在高水平加强喷气，哪个对NAC的发展有益活动。

简介：统计、典型年的作文方法被用来与ElNino和LaNifia事件在关系学习西北太平洋台风活动。结果显示台风趋于在ElNifio年里不活跃并且在拉·尼娜年和它里活跃也依赖于事件的发作和台风的开始的区域。与在频率和海面温度(SST)之间的ElNifio和拉·尼娜年和时间落后关联里的台风活动的频率的统计特征。有用信息被为台风出现的预言提供。另外，单个价值拆卸(SVD)方法被使用学习在重力势领域和SST地之间的关联。结果证明在ElNino年里的由空至海的联合是相反的让台风发展，它与一个更小的数字发生。相反的状况与拉·尼娜年被发现。

简介：Basedonthewinter1984/1985ECMWFgridpointdatasubjectedtothe30-60dayband-passfilteringandcompositeanalysis,astudyisundertakenoftheLFO(low-frequencyoscillation)structureintheeasternAsianwesterlyjetentranceandexitregionsandtheAsia-Pacificlow-frequencyvortexactivitycharacteristics.Resultsshowthatzonalwindoscillationsonbothsidesofthejetcoreareinanti-phase,incloserelationtotheE-Wdisplacementofthecore.RanginginNW-SEdirectionisalow-frequencyvortextrain(LFVT)emanatingfromUralviacentralAsiatoEastAsia.Alow-frequencyvortexofUralorigin,whenreachingaround50(?),80(?),issplitintotwoparts,onetravellingeastwardandtheothersouthward,andfinallytheyarcconnectedcyclonicallyoranticyclonicallyatlowlatitudes,form-ingavigorouslowfrequencycycloneoranticycloneintheeasternpartofChinamainland,completingafullcycleoftheLFVT.Further,observedinthecentralPacificareameridionalLFVTandacyclone/anticyclonecoupletloopinginacounterclockwisesense,givingrisetotheLFVTphaseshiftoverthisregion.

简介：Therelationshipbetweenthetropicalintra-seasonaloscillation(ISO)andtropicalcyclones(TCs)activitiesovertheSouthChinaSea(SCS)isinvestigatedbyutilizingtheNationalCentersforEnvironmentalPrediction/NationalCenterforAtmosphericResearch(NCEP/NCAR)globalreanalysisdataandtropicalcyclonebest-trackdatafrom1949to2009.Themainconclusionsare:(1)AnewISOindexisdesignedtodescribethetropicalISOactivityovertheSCS,whichcansimplyexpressISOforSCS.AfterexaminingtheapplicabilityoftheindexconstructedbytheClimatePredictionCenter(CPC),wefindthattheconvectionspatialscalereflectedbythisindexistoolargetocharacterizethesmall-scaleSCSandfailstodividetheTCsactivitiesovertheSCSintoactiveandinactivecategories.Consequently,theCPCindexcan’treplacethefunctionofthenewISOindex;(2)TheeastwardspreadprocessoftropicalISOisdividedintoeightphasesusingthenewISOindex,thephasevariationofwhichcorrespondswellwiththeTCsactivitiesovertheSCS.TCsgenerationandlandingaresignificantlyreducedduringinactiveperiod(phase4-6)relativetothatduringactiveperiod(phase7-3);(3)ThecompositeanalysesindicatedistinctTCsactivitiesovertheSCS,whichisconsistentwiththeconcomitantpropagationoftheISOconvectiveactivity.DuringISOactiveperiod,theweathersituationsarefavorableforTCsdevelopmentovertheSCS,e.g.,strongconvection,cyclonicshearandweaksubtropicalhigh,andviceversa;(4)Thecondensationheatingcenters,strongconvectionandwatervaporfluxdivergencearewellcollocatedwitheachotherduringISOactiveperiod.Inaddition,theverticalprofileofcondensationheatindicatesstrongascendingmotionandmiddle-levelheatingovertheSCSduringactiveperiod,andviceversa.Thus,theeastwardpropagationoftropicalISOiscapabletomodulateTCsactivitiesbyaffectingtheheatingconfigurationovertheSCS.

简介：UtilizingtheJointTyphoonWarningCenter(JTWC)andTokyo-TyphoonCenteroftheJapanMeteorologicalAgency(JMARSMCTOKYO)best-tracktropicalcyclone(TC)datafortheperiod1951-2014,variationsinspatialandtemporalcharacteristicsofNorthwestPacificTCactivityforaglobalwarmingscenarioarediscussed.Theresultssuggestthatsincetheearly1960s,therehasbeenanoveralldecreasingtrendinthefrequencyofoccurrence,intensity,peakintensity,lengthofmovement,andlifetimeofTCs.However,globalwanninghasledtoalinearlyincreasingtrendinTCactivityineasternAsia,whichindicatesthatNorthwestPacificTCactivitydecreases,butthefrequencyoflandfallsandintensityarelikelystrengthened.Therefore,thethreatofTCstowardseasternAsiaisenhanced.TheincreaseinTCactivityineasternAsiaislikelytheresultofastrengthenedWalkercirculationduetoanincreasingtemperaturegradientbetweenthenorthwestPacificOceanandthecentralandeasternPacificOcean.ThestrengtheningWalkercirculationcouldincreasethemagnitudeoftheverticalwindshear,relativevorticity,andmeridionalwindshearoflow-leveleasterliesneartheequatorinthetropicalNorthwestPacific,whichaffectsthespatialandtemporalvariationsofTCactivityintheNorthwestPacific.

简介：BasedonanalysesoftherelationshipbetweenPacificMeridionalMode(PMM)andnumberoftropicalcyclones(TCs)activityoverthewesternNorthPacific,theimpactsofthePMMonTcactivityoverthewesternNorthPacificarestudiedusingnumericalsimulationswithanAtmosphericGeneralCirculationModel(CAM3)ofNationalCenterforAtmosphericResearch(ofUSA).TheresultshowsthatthePMMhasimpactsonthelarge-scalegeneratingenvironmentofTCs,thusaffectingtheirnumberandstrength.ThenumericalsimulationsusingtheNCARCAM3indicatethatwiththeinclusionoftheforcingfromseasurfacetemperature(SST)ofthePMM,thereappearsadecreasedmagnitudeoftheverticalzonalwindshear,largeproportionofrelativehumidity,anomalouswesterlywindatlowlevelsandanomalouseasterlywindathighlevels,inassociationwithanomalouscycloniccirculationatlowlevelsandanomalousanti-cycloniccirculationathighlevelsoverthetropicalwesternPacific.Thus,thePMMprovidesfavorableenvironmentforthetyphoongenesis.Inthesensitivityexperiment,TCshavelargerstrength,lowerSSTatthecenter,strongertangentialwindat850hPaandintensifiedwarmcoresathighlevels.Inthispaper,thesimulationresultsaresimilartothatinthedataanalyses,whichrevealstheimportantimpactofthePMMonTCactivityoverthewesternNorthPacific.

简介：在200-hPa之间的关系在东方亚洲沿海的水西方的太平洋(WPJS)上的西的喷气流异例，和加热的海洋的表面和摘要规模的短暂旋涡(STE)在在冬的北方太平洋上的活动异例被使用ERA-40和NCEP/NCAR分析数据检验。分析证明加热的表面和STE异例有不同模式，相应于三个WPJS异常模式分别地。在第一个WPJS异常模式，WPJS主要部分不显示出柔韧的异例。异常的西的风，经过日期线发生在中间纬度的中央东方的太平洋上与经过日期线和北方太平洋盆的中心在热带中央东方的太平洋介绍两个的异常加热被联系。同时，STE异例出现在异常的带的风的区域附近。在在第二个WPJS模式显示出的喷气力量的变化是强烈，与在自台湾东面的菲律宾海流向日本的暖流水流的加热异例有关，在喷气的区域和STE异例退出区域。第三个模式表明WPJS的northward/southward移动，它与在西方的诺思太平洋的加热异例的偶极的模式在35°N分开了的南方北方有一个统计连接。同时，STE空间排水量与在一样的方向的喷气移动一起。加热异例与大气的发行量有一个靠近的连接，并且因此改变中间纬度的baroclinicity，它然后经由内部大气的动力学增强WPJS异例，导致STE异例。

简介：基于每日的NCEP分析数据，OLR和卫星降雨数据，在2004的华南海夏季风(SCSSM)的活动的特征被分析。Theresults比正常和紧张比正常强壮证明SCSSM的建立很少迟了。由向西北和平的副热带的高度的地点影响了，它比正常向北方并且向西多，SCSSM在华南海区域主要是活跃的。在那里存在的明显的intraseasonal摆动和SCSSM的二个重要时期，一个人是about20-30天和另外的大约40-50天。潮湿的交通被专注于华南海和西北太平洋区域，减少向北方交通并且在南部的中国导致干旱。

简介：Theimpactofstrong(weak)intraseasonaloscillation(ISO)overSouthChinaSea(SCS)andSouthAsia(SA)insummerontheSCSandSAsummermonsoonandthesummerrainfallinEasternChinaarestudiedbyusingtheNCEP-NCARanalysisdataandtherainfalldataof160stationsinChinafrom1961to2010.Itisfoundthattheimpactsaresignificantlydifferentindifferentmonthsofsummer.ThestudyshowsthatinJuneandJulycyclonic(anticyclonic)atmosphericcirculationoverSCSandSAcorrespondstostrong(weak)ISOoverSCS.InAugust,however,strong(weak)ISOoverSCSstillcorrespondstocyclonic(anticyclonic)atmosphericcirculationoverSA.InJuneandAugustcyclonic(anticyclonic)atmosphericcirculationoverSouthAsiacorrespondstostrong(weak)ISOoverSAwhileastrong(weak)ISOcorrespondstoanticyclonic(cyclonic)atmosphericcirculationoverSAinJuly.Besides,inJunethestrong(weak)ISOoverSAcorrespondstocyclonic(anticyclonic)atmosphericcirculationoverSCS,whileinJulyandAugusttheatmosphericcirculationisinthesamephaseregardlessofwhethertheISOoverSAisstrongorweak.Theimpactsofthestrong(weak)ISOoverSCSontherainfallofeasternChinaaresimilarinJuneandJuly,whichfavorsless(more)rainfallinYangtze-HuaiheRiversbasinbutsufficient(deficient)rainfallinthesouthofYangtzeRiver.However,theimpactsarenotsoapparentinAugust.InSouthAsia,thestrong(weak)ISOinJulyresultsinless(more)rainfallinthesouthofYangtzeRiverbutsufficient(deficient)rainfallinYangtze-HuaiheRiversbasin.TheinfluenceontherainfallineasternChinainJuneandAugustisnotassignificantasinJuly.