简介:HL-2Aisatokamakwithcloseddivertor.Ithadbeenbuiltattheendof2002andbegantodischargefromthenon.TofurtherstudyplasmadischargesinHL-2A,afeedbackcontrolsystem(FBCS)forplasmapositionbadbeendevelopedin2003.
简介:Impurity,whichisinducedbytheinteractionbetweenplasmaandthefirstwallsuchaslimiter,isoneofthekeyissuesimpactedthequalityoftokamakplasma.Itisalsothesourceoftheradiationandcoldelectronintokamak,andcanhaveasignificantinfluenceonthebalanceofplasmaenergyandparticleaswellastheprofilesofdensity,temperatureandcurrent.Thesteadystateoperationandtransportfeatureoftokamakplasmaareaffectedbyimpuritytoo.
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简介:TheHL-2AtokamakisatokamakmodifiedfromtheoriginalshutdownGermanAS-DEXsothatitspoloidalmagneticsystemisthepreviousonewithparametersunchanged.However,thissystemmaypossiblyberedesignedinthefutureandnowdifferentoperationmodefromthepreviousASDEXonecanalsobeused(e.g.,tooperateinsinglenullmode),weneedtomasterthebasiccharacteristicsandfunctionsofthissystem.
简介:HL-2Atokamakwillbeequippedwitha75GHz/1MW/1sECRHsystem.Thepaperdescribesthedesignofthetransmissionsystem(Fig.1),whichismadeupwithatransmissionline,anequatoriallauncher.Thepaperdescribesthedesignofmaincomponentsofthesystemsuchas,waveguides,ellipsoidalsurfacemirrors,achemicalvapor(CVD)diamondwindow,asteeringmirror.
简介:Cavitationisoneofthetroublesomeproblemsinrocketturbopumps,andsincemostofhigh-efficiencyrocketpropellantsarecryogenicfluids,socalled'thermodynamiceffect'becomesmoreevidentthaninwater.Inthepresentstudy.numericalandexperimentalstudyofliquidnitrogencavitationin2DLavalnozzlewascarriedout,sothattheinfluenceofthermodynamiceffectwasexamined.Itwasrevealedthattemperatureandcavitationhavestronginter-relationshipwitheachotherinthermo-sensitivecryogenicfluids.
简介:Basedonthesecond-ordermoments,thispaperderivesananalyticalexpressionoftheM2factoroffour-petalGaussianbeam.TheresultsshowthattheM2factorisonlydeterminedbythebeamordern.Thecorrespondingnumericalcalculationsarealsogiven.Asthebeamorderincreases,theaugmentofM2factorisdisciplinary.AstheexpressionofM2factorisexpressedinseriesformandbecomesmorecomplicated,anewconciseformulaofM2factorisalsopresentedbyusingcurvefittingofnumericalcalculations.When3≤n≤200,themaximumerrorrateoffittingformulawillnotexceed2.6%andtheaverageerrorrateis0.28%.Thisresearchishelpfultotheapplicationsoffour-petalGaussianbeam.
简介:TheplasmaimpuritycontentsdependsstronglyontransportprocessofdiversiformimpuritywhichproductbythedistributionofimpuritiessourceandtheimpuritiesofSOLandthecoreplasmainthetokamak.Theexperimentalresultssuggestthattheconfinementimprovementisrelatedtotheincreasingrotationvelocityandtothedecreasingedgefluctuation.
简介:Hydrogen,thecleanestandmostpromisingenergyvector,canbeproducedbysolarintochemicalenergyconversion,eitherbythephotocatalyticdirectsplittingofwaterintoH2andO2,or,moreefficiently,inthepresenceofsacrificialreagents,e.g.,intheso-calledphotoreformingoforganics.Efficientphotocatalyticmaterialsshouldnotonlybeabletoexploitsolarradiationtoproduceelectron–holepairs,butalsoensureenoughchargeseparationtoallowelectrontransferreactions,leadingtosolarenergydriventhermodynamicallyup-hillprocesses.RecentachievementsofourresearchgroupinthedevelopmentandtestingofinnovativeTiO2-basedphotocatalyticmaterialsarepresentedhere,togetherwithanoverviewonthemechanisticaspectsofwaterphotosplittingandphotoreformingoforganics.Photocatalyticmaterialswereeither(i)obtainedbysurfacemodificationofcommercialphotocatalysts,orproduced(ii)inpowderformbydifferenttechniques,includingtraditionalsolgelsynthesis,aimingatengineeringtheirelectronicstructure,andflamespraypyrolysisstartingfromorganicsolutionsoftheprecursors,or(iii)inintegratedform,toproducephotoelectrodeswithindevices,byradiofrequencymagnetronsputteringorbyelectrochemicalgrowthofnanotubearchitectures,orphotocatalyticmembranes,bysupersonicclusterbeamdeposition.