简介：使用的地面运动的择向性上的地震超级砍破裂的效果模仿了一个垂直罢工滑倒差错模型的加速是这研究的话题。分离波浪number/finite元素方法被采用在水平分层的一半计算扎根的运动空间。山峰地面加速(针网阵列)的分析显示那类似于亚shear状况，择向性也处于超级砍状况存在。然而，如下有一些差别：(1)差错正常部件的针网阵列与被择向性显著地在处于一种超级砍状况处于一种亚shear状况在前面的方向从一个锥形的区域改变到一个有限近差错的区域的PGA地里影响的超级砍速度，和区域减少。(2)差错平行和垂直部件的针网阵列不象到增加的超级砍速度的差错正常部件一样敏感。(3)当破裂速度超过shear波浪速度时，差错正常部件的针网阵列不总是比差错平行部件大。

简介：ThemaintechnicalbackgroundsandrequirementsareintroducedwithregardtoearthquakegroundmotiondesignparametersinseveraldomesticandAmericanstandards,codesandguidesinvolvedintheseismicanalysisanddesignactivitiesofnuclearpowerplantsinChina.Basedontheresearchresultsfromsiteseismicsafetyevaluationofdomesticnuclearpowerplantprojectsinthelastyears,characteristicsanddifferencesofsitespecificdesignspectraareanalyzedincomparisonwithstandardresponsespectra,andthesuitabilityofstandardresponsespectrafordomesticnuclearpowerplantprojectsisdiscussed.

简介：Recentstudiesonassessmentofaverylowannualprobabilityofexceeding(APE)groundmotions,10-4orless,havehighlightedtheimportanceoftheupperboundofgroundmotionswhenverylowprobabilityresultsareacquired.Thetruncationleveladoptedinprobabilisticseismichazardanalysis(PSHA)shouldbedeterminedbyanaleatoryuncertaintymodel(i.e.,distributionmodel)ofgroundmotionsandthepossiblemaximumandminimumgroundmotionvaluesofaspecificearthquake.However,atthepresenttime,itisimpossibletoestablishtheupperboundmodelforgroundmotionsbasedonthesourcecharacteristicsand/orgroundmotionpropagation.McGuiresuggestedatruncationlevelbefixedatanumberof=6,orthedistributionofresidualsbetruncatedinsuchamannerthatsiteintensitycannotbegreaterthantheepicenterintensity.ThisstudyaimstofindareasonableandfeasibletruncationleveltobeusedinPSHAwhenthephysicalmechanismisnotavailabletofindtheextremegroundmotion.AmathematicalanalysisoftheinfluenceofthetruncationlevelonPSHA,casestudiesofsitesindifferentseismotectonicsettings,andadistributionanalysisofgroundmotionresidualsareconductedinthisstudy.Itisconcludedthat=4istheminimumacceptablevalueforengineeringapplicationsforAPEswithin0.002to10-4,andforlowAPEs,suchas10-5and10-6,thevalueofshouldbenolessthan5inmostregionsofChina.

简介：Groundmotionsaresignificantlyinfluencedbydynamiccharacteristicsofoverburdensoillayersneargroundsurface,asthickandsoftsoillayerswouldobviouslyamplifythegroundmotionstrength.Theconventionalresearchmethodonsoilnonlineardynamiccharacteristicsunderstrongmotionsisbasedonexperimentsinlaboratoriesforthedeficiencyofobservationdata,butitisdifficulttoreliablysimulatethecomplexfactorsofsoilsinactualearthquakedurations,includingloadingpaths,boundaryconditions,anddrainageconditions.Theincrementaldataoftheverticaldownholeobservationarray,whichiscomprisedofatleastoneobservationpointongroundsurfaceandoneobservationpointinadownholerockbase,makesitpossibletostudysoilnonlineardynamicsaccordingtoinsituobservationdata,andprovidesnewbasicdataanddevelopmentopportunitiestosoilnonlineardynamicsstudies.

简介：在Xinjiang的79个城市的地震风险分析结果被介绍，并且基岩山峰在三个地震层次和他们的比率下面扎根了加速被讨论。然后，在地震环境之间的关系和不同超过的可能性的地震风险分析结果被研究。次要、主要的地震运动参数从中等地震计算了的结果表演没在不同exceedance可能性下面有一致可能性和基岩山峰加速的比率密切与地震环境被相关。

简介：AccordingtotheChineseGB50011-2001codeandtherecommendedprovisionsofFEMANEHRPandEUROCODE8,byusingshearwavevelocityandboreholedata,thesiteclassificationisevaluatedforatypicalsoftsoilsiteontheYantaiseacoast.Thesiteseismicgroundmotioneffectisanalyzedandtheinfluenceofthecoastalsoilondesigngroundmotionparametersisdiscussed.Theresultsshowthatthebriefsiteclassificationcannotrepresenttherealconditionsofasoftsoilsite;thesoftsoilonthecoasthasaremarkableimpactonthemagnitudeandspectrumofgroundmotionacceleration.Themagnificationonpeakaccelerationisbigger,however,duetothenonlineardeformationofthesoil.Themagnificationisreducednonlinearlywiththeincreaseofinputgroundmotion;thespectrumisbroadenedandthecharacteristicperiodelongatedonthesoftsoilsite.

简介：在这份报纸，扩大因素ks偷看有在在山东省上的班和地点上的不同exceedance概率的地面运动被分析从班地点的358地上凿穿和班的140地上凿穿收集的土壤层的地震反应数据估计地点。从结果，一个人能结束那1ks的scatter阴谋通常服从正常分布；有输入地面的力量的增加的2ks减少打手势，它比在班lI地点在班地点是更明显的；3随磨擦运动输入的基岩接口的深度的增加，为类地点，ks逐渐地增加直到到稳定的值深度什么时候到达直到约20米或更大。然而为班地点，ks对深度感觉迟钝；4为班地点的ks的一般水准是1.47，比在中国GB18306-2001的地震地面运动参数带状配列地图使用了那稍微大。另外，在在在山东省上的山峰地面加速的不同层次的班和地点上的kspreliminarily在纸被讨论。

简介：ThecharacteristicsofseismicgroundmotionsinsouthernChinaaredifficulttodeterminestatisticallyduetoalackofstronggroundmotiondata.Inthisstudy,astochasticfinite-faultgroundmotionmodelwasadoptedtosimulatetheseismicgroundmotionsatbedrockforsouthernChina,basedonparametersderivedfromsmallandmediumearthquakesthathaveoccurredintheregion.Fromthese,theresponsespectrawasestimated.Asetofgroundmotionattenuationrelationshipswasthendevelopedbasedonsimulatedpeakgroundmotionsandresponsespectralparametersthroughregression,whichwouldbeapplicableforuseinengineeringpractice.Throughcomparisons,itwasdemonstratedthattheproposedgroundmotionrelationshipsaregenerallyconsistentwiththoseobtainedfromotherreportedgroundmotionattenuationmodelsforsouthernChina.

简介：StronggroundmotionparametersforShillongplateauofnortheasternIndiaareexamined.Empiricalrelationsareobtainedformainparametersofgroundmotionsasafunctionofearthquakemagnitude,faulttype,sourcedepth,velocitycharacterizationofmediumanddistance.Correlationbetweengroundmotionparametersandcharacteristicsofseismogeniczonesareestablished.Anewattenuationrelationforpeakgroundaccelerationisdeveloped,whichpredictshigherexpectedPGAintheregion.Parametersofstrongmotions,particularlythepredominantperiodsanddurationofvibrations,dependonthemorphologyofthestudiedarea.ThestudymeasureslowestimatesoflogarithmicwidthinShillongplateau.Theattenuationrelationestimatedforpulsewidthcriticallyindicatesincreasedpulsewidthdependenceonthelogarithmicdistancewhichaccountsforgeometricalspreadingandanelasticattenuation.

简介：DuringthegreatWenchuanearthquake,about460permanentfree-fieldstationsinNationalStrongMotionObservationNetworkSystem(NSMONS)ofChinacapturedthemainshockaccelerationrecords.Theserecordscanbeappliedtositeeffectanalyses,andthenthesiteclassificationofthosepermanentstationscanbecarriedoutfirstly,whichwillservedasthefundamentalinformationforfurtherresearch.Inthispaper,thesiteofnear-faultstationsisclassifiedbyhorizontal-to-verticalspectralratio(HVSR)methodaccordingtothesiteclassdescriptionofJapanearthquakeresistantdesigncodeandresponsespectralshapes(RSS)methodfollowingthesiteclassdescriptionofthe1997UniformBuildingCode(UBC)provisions.Thenbasedonthedetailedboreholedataofthosefree-fieldstations,theequivalentshearwavevelocityandoverburdenthicknessarecalculatedandthesiteclassificationsaregivenbyChinesecodeforseismicdesignofbuildings.Furthermore,forthestationshavingsuccessfulmicrotremortestdata,thesitedominantperiodsarecomputedtoverifytheresultsofsiteclassification.Finally,combinedwithalltheaboveresults,therecommendedsiteclassesofnear-faultpermanentfree-fieldstationsaregiven.

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简介：PastresearchershaveanticipatedtheoccurrenceofagreatearthquakeinthecentralHimalayasinthenearfuture.ThismaycauseseriousdamageintheKathmanduValley,whichsitsonanancientlakebedzone,withlacustrinesedimentsofmorethan500mdepth.Inthisstudy,thepredominantfrequencyofgroundmotionisevaluatedusingtheHorizontal-to-Vertical(H/V)spectralratiotechniqueandrecordingsofambientnoise.TheresultsoftheH/Vratioshowtwopeaksinabout20percentofthelocations,whicharedistributedmainlyinandaroundthecenterandnorthernpartoftheKathmanduValley.Thepredominantfrequenciesvaryfrom0.5Hzto8.9Hzinthestudyarea,whereasthesecondresonancefrequencyvariesfrom4Hzto6Hzinthecenterandnorthernpartofthevalley.Thisindicatesthatthecenterandnorthernpartofthevalleyhaveawiderangeofresonancefrequencyduetotwolevelsofimpedancecontrastonemaybefromthesurfacelayerandtheothermaybefromthelayerunderneath.ThesetwolevelsofresonanceindicatetheimportanceofconsideringtheeffectsofsurfaceandlowerlayersduringtheplanninganddesigningofinfrastructuresintheKathmanduValley.

简介：Themodelofrigidandelastic-plasticmotionandstraininintraplateblocksisestablishedinthepaper.Theuniqueofstrainparametersandminimumroot-mean-squareerrorofvelocityresidualofblocksaretestedinthemodel.BasedonthevelocityfieldsinChinesemainlandanditsperipheralareas,thestrainparametersof8blocksareestimatedandtheirstrainstatusanalyzed.Theestimatedstrainstatusofeachblockiswellconsistentwiththosederivedbythemethodsofgeologyandgeophysics.TheprincipaldirectionofcollisionforcefromIndiaplatetoEurasiaplateestimatedfromtheazimuthofprincipalcompressivestrainofHimalayablockmightbeN7.1°E.

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简介：Incorporatingrateandstatefrictionlaws,stabilityoflinearlystable(i.e.,withstiffnessgreaterthanthecriticalvalue)spring-slidersystemssubjectedtotriggeringperturbationswasanalyzedundervariablenormalstresscondition,andcomparisonwasmadebetweenourresultsandthatoffixednormalstresscasesrevealedinpreviousstudies.Forsystemsassociatedwiththesliplaw,thecriticalmagnitudeofratestepsfortriggeringunstableslipsarefoundtohaveasimilarpatterntothefixednormalstresscase,andthecriticalvelocitystepsscalewitha/(b-a)whenk=kcrforbothcases.Therate-stepboundariesforthevariablenormalstresscasesarerevealedtobelowerthanthefixednormalstresscaseby7%–16%forarelativelylargea=0.56with(b-a)/arangingfrom0.25to1,indicatingeasiertriggeringunderthevariablenormalstressconditionwithratesteps.Thedifferencebetweenfixedandvariablenormalstresscasesdecreaseswhentheavalueissmaller.Inthesamesliplaw-typesystems,criticaldisplacementstotriggerinstabilityarerevealedtobelittleaffectedbythevariablenormalstresscondition.WhenkCkcr(V*),aspring-slidersystemwiththeslownesslawismuchmorestablethanwiththesliplaw,suggestingthattheslownesslawfitsexperimentaldatabetterwhenasinglestatevariableisadopted.Instick-slipmotions,thevariablenormalstresscasehaslargerstressdropsthantheconstantnormalstresscase.Thevariablenormalstresshaslittleeffectontherangeofslipvelocityinsystemsassociatedwiththeslownesslaw,whereassystemsassociatedwiththesliplawhaveaslowestslipvelocityimmenselysmallerthanthefixednormalstresscase,by*10ordersofmagnitude.

简介：Near-fieldstronggroundmotionsareusefulforengineeringseismologystudiesandseismicdesign,butdenseobservationnetworksofdamagingearthquakesarestillrare.Inthisstudy,basedonthestrong-motiondatafromtheMw6.6Lushanearthquake,thegroundmotionparametersindifferentspatialregionsaresystematicallyanalyzed,andthecontributionsfromdifferenteffects,likethehanging-walleffect,directivityeffect,andattenuationeffectareseparatedtotheextentpossible.DifferentengineeringparametersfromtheobservedgroundmotionsarecomparedwiththelocaldesignresponsespectraandanewattenuationrelationofWesternChina.Generalresultsindicatethatthehighfrequencygroundmotion,likethepeakgroundacceleration,ontwosidesofthefaultplaneissensitivetothehanging-walleffect,whereasthelowfrequencygroundmotion,likethelongperiodspectralacceleration,intherupturepropagationdirectionisaffectedbythedirectivityeffect.Moreover,althoughtheMw6.6Lushanearthquakeisnotalargemagnitudeevent,thespatialdifferenceofgroundmotionisstillobvious;thus,forathrustfaultingearthquake,inadditiontothehangingeffect,thedirectivityeffectshouldalsobeconsidered.

简介：TemporalchangesinsiteeffectsareobtainedusingtheHVSR(horizontal-to-verticalspectralratio)methodandstrongmotionrecordsaftertheMw7.6Chi-Chiearthquake,Taiwan.Seismicdatarecordedbetween1995and2010areused,comprising3,708datafrom15stationsadjacenttotheChelungpufault.Temporalfluctuationsaredeterminedbyanalyzingthesiteeffectvariationusingatime–frequencyvariation(TFV)diagrambasedontheseseismicdata.Stationsadjacenttothefaultshowsignificantdisturbancesintheresonancefrequencyat16–26Hz.StationTCU129showsa40%dropinfundamentalfrequencyafterthemainshock,andagradualreturntotheoriginalstateovernineyears.Forstationslocatedfartherfromthefaultzone,suddenchangesintectonicstressplayadominantroleintemporalchangestotheHVSR.Animpactanalysisofthedirectionalfactorconfirmsourfindingthattheproximityofthefaulttoseismicstationshasthemostinfluenceondata.