简介：Numericalestimatesforelectronsandmesonsparticle–antiparticlecreationfromvacuuminthepresenceofstrongelectromagneticfieldsarederived,usingthecompleteprobabilitydensityrelationofPopov’simaginarytimemethod(Popov,JETPLett.13,185(1971);Sov.Phys.JETP34,709(1972);Sov.Phys.JETP35,659(1972);PopovandMarinov,Sov.J.Nucl.Phys.16,449(1973);JETPLett.18,255(1974);Sov.J.Nucl.Phys.19,584(1974));(Popov,Phys.Let.A298,83(2002)),andwithintheframeworkofanexperimentalsetupliketheE144(Burkeetal.,Phys.Rev.Lett.79,1626(1997)).Theexistenceofcrossingpointamongpaircreationefficiencycurvesofdifferentphotonenergiesandtheroleofodd/evenmultiphotonordersintheproductionratesarediscussed.Finallyakindoftunabilityprocessbetweenthetwocreationprocessesisdiscussed.

简介：Itisidentifiedthatbarelypassingelectronsarethedriveofthee-Gshbones,ratherthanthebarelytrappedelectronsatlowfrequency.Thefrequencyjumpine-Bshboneexperimentsisreproducedandanalyzed.Itisfoundthatthee-Bshbonefrequencyincreaseswiththehotelectronenergy,whichisconsistentwiththeexperiments.Thegrowthrateofthemode(m=2,n=2)isgreaterthanthatofthemode(m=1,n=1).

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简介：雷纳兹应力(RS)上的积极偏爱的效果和它在边血浆的光线的狂暴的运输上的效果(r/a?=?0.9)并且在tokamak的血浆的擦去层(太阳)区域被调查。光线并且poloidal电场(Er,Ep)和离子浸透电流(我s)被多种用途的探查(MPP)测量。这根探针在IR-T1tokamak第一次被制作并且构造。这根探针的大多数优点是Er和Ep能在单个射击在不同半径被测量。因此不同半径的信息能与高精确相比。偏爱电压在V偏爱?=?200V和它与在r/a被修理的limiter偏爱被使用了?=?0.9。而且，之间的阶段差别光线并且MPP检测的RS光谱的poloidal电场，和时间的进化被计算。边上的RS大小(r/a?=?0.9)多于它在太阳的价值(r/a?=?1.02)。与应用偏爱200V，RS和Er和Ep被增加，当光线的狂暴的运输同时被减少时。因此，RS影响光线的骚乱，这能被结束。RS光谱的时间的进化证明RS的频率在r/a被增加并且到达它的最高的价值?=?0.9面对偏爱。

简介：ThispaperconsidersthereliablecontroldesignforT-Sfuzzysystemswithprobabilisticactuatorsfaultsandrandomtime-varyingdelays.Thefaultsofeachactuatoroccursrandomlyanditsfailureratesaregovernedbyasetofunrelatedrandomvariablessatisfyingcertainprobabilisticdistribution.Intermsoftheprobabilisticfailuresofeachactuatorandtime-varyingrandomdelays,newfaultmodelisproposed.Basedonthenewfuzzymodel,reliablecontrollerisdesignedandsufficientconditionsfortheexponentiallymeansquarestability(EMSS)ofT-SfuzzysystemsarederivedbyusingLyapunovfunctionalmethodandlinearmatrixinequality(LMI)technique.Itshouldbenotedthattheobtainedcriteriadependonnotonlythesizeofthedelay,butalsotheprobabilitydistributionofit.Finally,anumericalexampleisgiventoshowtheeffectivenessoftheproposedmethod.

简介：传统的应用稳定性理论对横流不稳定性转捩现象的预测很难与现代CFD并行化计算结合,为了解决这个问题,文章基于SA-γ-—Re_（θt）转捩模型,使用不可压三维边界层相似性解实现横流位移损失厚度Reynolds数在流场中的当地化求解,结合亚音速试验数据-C1准则构建横流不稳定性转捩判据,从而实现了横流不稳定性转捩预测方法的当地化并行求解.首先采用SA-γ-—Re_（θt）转捩模型对NLF（1）-0416翼型进行了流向转捩预测,证实了该模型的正确性.然后应用所建立的横流转捩模型对45°前缘后掠角的NLF（2）-0415无限展长机翼和DLR-F5机翼,以及标准6∶1椭球标模进行了横流不稳定转捩数值模拟,计算结果显示转捩位置均与试验数据吻合较好,证明了文章所建立的方法在不可压边界层转捩预测具有较高的预测精度.

简介：Toconsidertheanisotropicdamageinfatigue,animprovedboom-panelmodelispresentedtosimulatearepresentativevolumeelement(RVE)intheframeworkofcontinuumdamagemechanics.TheanisotropicdamagestateoftheRVEisdescribedbythecontinuityextentsofboomsandpanels,whosedamageevolutionsareassumedtobeisotropic.Thenumericalimplementationisproposedonthebasisofdamagemechanicsandthefiniteelementmethod.Finally,theapproachisappliedtothefatiguelifepredictionof2A12-T4aluminiumalloyspecimenundercyclicloadingoftension-torsion.Theresultsindicateagoodagreementwiththeexperimentaldata.